IC3DDose 2010 – 6th International Conference on 3D Radiation Dosimetry[7] Maryanski MJ, Gore JC, Kennan RP et al (1993) NMR Relaxation Enhancement in GelsPolymerized and Cross-Linked by Ionizing Radiation: a New Approach to 3D Dosimetry byMRI. Magn. Reson. Imaging, 11, pp. 253-258[8] Berg A, Ertl A, Moser E (2001) High Resolution Polymer Gel Dosimetry by ParameterSelective MR-Microimaging on a Whole Body Scanner at 3 T. Medical Physics, 28(5), pp.833-843[9] Bayreder C, Georg D, Moser E et al (2006) The spatial resolution in dosimetry with normoxicpolymer-gels investigated with the dose modulation transfer approach. Medical Physics,35(5), pp. 1756-1769[10] Fong PM, Keil DC, Does MD, Gore JC (2001) Polymer Gels for Magnetic Resonance Imagingof Radiation Dose Distributions at Normal Room Atmosphere. Physics in Medicine andBiology, 46, pp. 3105-3113[11] Baustert IC, Oldham M, Smith TAD et al (2000) Optimized MR Imaging for PolyacrylamideGel Dosimetry. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 45, pp. 847-858[12] McJury M, Oldham M, Cosgrove VP et al (2000) Radiation Dosimetry Using Polymer Gels:Methods and Applications. The British Journal of Radiology, 73, pp. 919-929461
<strong>DOSE</strong> SENSITIVITY ENHANCEMENT ON POLYMER GEL WITH SUSPEN<strong>DE</strong>D GOLDPARTICLESL.C. Afonso 1,2 , F. Schöfer 2 , C. Hoeschen 2 , L.V.E. Caldas 1Luciana.afonso@helmholtz-muenchen.de1 Institute of Energy and Nuclear Research, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil2 Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, GermanyThe presence of high-Z materials adjacent to soft tissues, when submitted to irradiation,enhances locally the absorbed dose in these soft tissues. Such effects happen due to theoutscattering of photoelectrons from the high-Z materials [1,2,3]. To investigate this effect,polymer gel dosimeters with suspended gold microspheres were used. This study wasperformed using the polymer gel dosimeter known as MAGIC [4].The polymer gel was produced and divided into two parts. One part was uniformly mixedwith gold microspheres at a concentration of 0.5 % by weight and the other part containedonly polymer gel. Each part was poured into test tubes, 4 samples per dose were used, in arange from 0 to 6 Gy. The unirradiated samples were taken as control.The samples were irradiated with X-rays generated at 150 kV, filtered with 4 mm Al and 5mm Cu, at a constant air kerma rate of 18.9 mGy/min. All samples were read using a Bruker9.4 T Magnetic Resonance scanner. The transversal relaxation rate R2 (measured in terms ofT2=1/R2) from each sample (minus the R2 value from the control) was plotted against thenominal delivered dose to obtain the calibration curves. The samples containing polymer gelwith gold microspheres presented approximately 20 % higher change of the R2 value perdose in comparison to the samples containing only polymer gel. This result indicates a doseenhancement factor of approximately 20 %. An analytic estimation predicted a doseenhancement factor of 30 %. The calculations are being refined for a closer description ofthe experimental parameters.1. Regulla D, Friedland W, Hieber L et al (2000) Spatially limited effects of dose and LETenhancement near tissue/gold interfaces at diagnostic X ray qualities. RadiationProtection Dosimetry, 90;1–2:159–1632. Regulla D, Panzer W, Schmid E et al (2001) Detection of elevated RBE in humanlymphocytes exposed to secondary electrons released from X-irradiated metal surfaces.Ratiation Research, 155;744–7473. Herold DM, Das IJ, Stobbe CC et al (2000) Gold microspheres: a selective technique forproducing biologically effective dose enhancement. International Journal of RadiationBiology, 76;10:1357-13644. Fong PM, Keil DC, Does MD, Gore JC (2001) Polymer gels for magnetic resonanceimaging of radiation dose distributions at normal room atmosphere. Physics in Medicineand Biology, 46;3105-3113International Conference on Development and Applications of Nuclear Technologies,Krakow, Poland, 2011.
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AUTARQUIA ASSOCIADA À UNIVERSIDADE
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AGRADECIMENTOSÀ Dra. Linda V. E. C
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STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF GOLD PART
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5.1.3 Dependência do Dosímetro em
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A resposta dos tecidos às radiaç
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1978), indicando que pode haver um
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delta (δ). Feixes contínuos de el
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da energia do fóton. Quando intera
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Figura 3.1 - Esquema de interação
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material atravessado. A Figura 3.2
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em que E b é a energia de ligaçã
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esultados experimentais, complement
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Já o processo de transição não
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K tr(Eq. 3.24)Outra grandeza impor
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comum. Este tipo de gel ficou conhe
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Estes radicais peróxido reagem rap
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submetidos ao mesmo campo magnétic
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t T1M zM01 e(Eq. 3.45) em que T
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3.4.4 Avaliação dos Dosímetros d
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3.5 Método de Monte CarloO método
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A probabilidade de obter um valor d
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método de Monte Carlo. Porém, par
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Tabela 4.1 - Especificações dos f
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- Sistema de Ressonância Magnétic
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5 METODOLOGIA E RESULTADOSNeste cap
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Os parâmetros TE (tempo de eco, in
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Figura 5.3 - Ajuste monoexponencial
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Tubo de raios XFiltrosCâmara monit
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IA = 1, 4 e 5 dias.Figura 5.8 - PI
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Figura 5.9 - Relação entre R 2 -R
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As amostras foram avaliadas 1 dia a
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As amostras foram avaliadas 1 dia a
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polimérico deveriam seguir uma dis
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Coeficiente angularFigura 5.16 - Re
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Coeficiente angularOs dados de cada
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5.2 Cálculo do Alcance de Elétron
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