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ARTICOLE DE FOND

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Buletinul AŞM. Ştiinţele vieţii. Nr. 2 (317) 2012<br />

ABSTRACTS<br />

Abstracts<br />

UDC: 639.21/.31.09:502.5(204)(478)<br />

PENETRATION WAYS AND EXPANSION RATE OF THE INVASIVE FISH<br />

SPECIES IN THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA ECOSYSTEMS. Bulat Dm, Bulat Dn,<br />

Toderaş I, Toderaş Lidia, Usatîi M, Railean Nadejda. // Buletinul Academiei de Ştiinţe a Moldovei.<br />

Ştiinţele vieţii. 2012, No 2 (317), p. 16-27.<br />

This paper deals with the problem of the species invasion that is likely to be of both allogenic<br />

and native origin due to the rapid changes of the habit factor values. The highest expansion<br />

rate and negative effect on the aquatic ecosystem functionality caused by four invasive<br />

and naturalized fi sh species, Prussian carp, stone morocco, pumpkinseed, Chinese sleeper, have<br />

been found in the Republic of Moldova. Of 15 fi sh species introduced in pisciculture at different<br />

times, only three species, silver carp, bighead carp, and carp are presently employed at a large<br />

scale. Their share has signifi cantly raised in the natural ecosystems as a result of the greater<br />

2008 and 2010 spring fl oods.<br />

22 References, 1 table<br />

Key words: aquatic ecosystem - invasive and naturalized fi sh species - expansion rate - hydrobionts<br />

acclimation - numerical regress - ecological and economic impact.<br />

Received May 28, 2012<br />

UDC: 633.854.78:631.52<br />

FERTILITY RESTORATION GENES IN DIFFERENT CULTIVATED PLANTS.<br />

Duca Maria, Port Angela, Nechifor Victoria. // Buletinul Academiei de Ştiinţe a Moldovei.<br />

Ştiinţele vieţii. 2012, No 2 (317), p. 28-37.<br />

Cytoplasmic male sterility and its fertility restoration genes are critical tools for hybrid seed<br />

production to utilize heterosis. It was reviewed literature on restorer genes heredity, structural<br />

and biochemical features, the restorer effects on mitochondrial gene expression. Nuclear restorers<br />

differ, even within species, in their molecular action, with some targeting only the mRNA<br />

transcripts of the CMS genes that they counteract and others also affecting transcripts of essential<br />

mitochondrial genes.<br />

56 references, 2 fi gures, 1 table.<br />

Key words: Fertility restoration genes - cytoplasmic male sterility – sunfl ower - gene expression.<br />

Received April 26, 2012<br />

UDC: 611.013.12+612.616.2<br />

CRYOLABILITY OF THE COCK SPERM MORPHOPHYSIOLOGICAL STATUS<br />

AND RESISTANCE DIVERSITY. Balan I. // Buletinul Academiei de Ştiinţe a Moldovei.<br />

Ştiinţele vieţii. 2012, No 2 (317), p. 37-47.<br />

The current studies on the morphofunctional state of the reproductive system and spermatogenesis<br />

are justifi ed by an abrupt decrease of spermogram indices. The fi ndings revealed<br />

damages in the cell structures at different technological stages of sperm cryopreservation. The<br />

variation degrees of the cock sperm resistance to the action of the physicochemical factors<br />

required for sperm manipulation have been determined.<br />

41 references, 4 tables<br />

Key words: sperm material – acrosome – cryopreservation - pathologic spermatozoa - thermal<br />

shock - osmotic resistance - teratogenic index-B.<br />

Received June 21, 2012<br />

193

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