bhasha_v.pdf

¼iqā Yyx½ gks x;k gSA ¼IykV~l fganqLrkuh O;kdj.k] i`- 28½A
265- v¡xjsth 'kCnksa ds lacaèk esa fyaxfu.kZ; ds fy, :i vkSj vFkZ nksuksa
dk fopkj fd;k tkrk gSA
¼v½ dqN 'kCnksa dks mlh vFkZ ds fganh dk fyax izkIr gqvk gS( tSlsµ
daiuhµeaMyhµL=kh- uacjµvadµiqadksVµv¡xj[kkµiqa-desVhµlHkkµL=khcwVµtwrkµiqa-ysDpjµO;k[;kuµiqapsuµlk¡dyµL=kh-okjaVµpkykuµiqaySiµfn;kµiaq-
Qhlµnf{k.kkµL=kh-
¼vk½ dbZ ,d 'kCn vkdkjkar gksus ds dkj.k iqā Yyx vkSj bZdkjkar gksus ds
dkj.k L=khfyax gq, gSa( tSlsµ
iqa-µlksMk] MsYVk] dsejk bR;kfnA
L=kh-µfpeuh] fxuh] E;qfufliSYVh] yk;czsjh] fgLVªh] fMD'kujh bR;kfnA
¼b½ dbZ ,d v¡xjsth 'kCn nksuksa fyaxksa esa vkrs gSa( tSlsµLVs'ku] Iysx] esy]
eksVj] fiLrkSyA
¼bZ½ dkaxzsl] dkSafly] fjiksVZ vkSj vihy L=khfyax gSaaA
266- vfèkdka'k lkekfld 'kCnksa dk fyax vaR; 'kCn ds fyax ds vuqlkj
gksrk gS( tSlsµjlksbZ?kj ¼iqa-½] èkeZ'kkyk ¼L=kh-½] ek¡&cki ¼iqa-½ bR;kfnA
¼lw-µdbZ O;kdj.kksa esa ;g fu;e O;kid ekuk x;k gS ij nks&,d leklksa
esa ;g fu;e ugha yxrk( tSlsµ^eanefr* 'kCn dsoy deZèkkj; esa L=khfyax gS] ijarq
cgqczhfg esa iwjs 'kCn dk fyax fo'ks"; ds vuqlkj gksrk gS( tSlsµ^eanefr ckyd*A½
267- lHkk] i=k] iqLrd vkSj LFkku ds eq[; ukeksa dk fyax cgqèkk 'kCn ds
:i ds vuqlkj gksrk gS( tSlsµ^egklHkk* ¼L=kh-½] ^egkeaMy* ¼iqa-½] ^e;kZnk* ¼L=kh-½]
^f'k{kk* ¼L=kh-½] ^izrki* ¼iqa-½] ^banq* ¼iqa-½ ^jkedgkuh* ¼L=kh-½] ^j?kqoa'k* ¼iqa-½] fnYyh
¼L=kh-½] vkxjk ¼iqa-½ bR;kfnA
168 / fganh O;kdj.k
L=khizR;;
268- vc mu fodkjksa dk o.kZu fd;k tkrk gS tks laKkvksa esa fyax ds dkj.k
gksrs gSaA fganh esa iqā Yyx ls L=khfyax cukus ds fy, uhps fy[ks izR;; vkrs gSaµ
bZ] b;k] bu] uh] vkuh] vkbu] vkA
1- fganh 'kCn
269- izkf.kokpd vkdkjkar iqā Yyx laKkvksa ds vaR; Loj ds cnys ^bZ* yxkbZ
tkrh gS( tSlsµ