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Bolesti zavisnosti — Primarna prevencija • 393 ci prevencije BZ. Zdravstvo je prevashodno „zaduèno“ za sekundarnu prevenciju (rana dijagnostika i le~ewe zavisnika — bolesnika). Drugi u~esnici prevencije su navedeni u grafikonu OKO-a. Bolesti zavisnosti se jo{ nazivaju defakto bolesti pona{awa. — Pona{awe svake osobe je rezultanta vaspitawa ili {ire edukacije, procesa koji traje od ro|ewa do sudweg dana. Edukacija inkorporira u sebi — informaciju, znawa i socijalne ve{tine u sveukupnom pona{awu pa i u odnosu na BZ. — Borba protiv BZ po~iwe u prenatalnom periodu, obdani{tu, de~ijem vrti}u, osnovnoj i sredwoj {koli... pa shodno uzrastu primewuju se odgovaraju}e metode zdravstveno vaspitnog rada, odgovaraju}a vaspitna sredstva, i zdravstveno vaspitni ambijent. [kola je idealno mesto za realizaciju programa PP protiv BZ iz vi{e razloga. — Adolescentno doba je najkriti~nije za svako aberantno pona{awe pa i za za{titu od BZ. Boqe informisani adolescenti i sa vi{e znawa i ve{tina o rizicima i posledicama upotrebe duvana, alkohola, marihuane, ekstazija re|e postaju zavisnici — pu{a~i, alkoholi~ari, narkomani. Brojni istraìva~i su ukazali a praksa dokazuje da adolescente treba sistematski obu~avati ve{tinama koje }e im pomo}i: — da grade kvalitetne emotivne veze u porodici, {koli, i grupi vr{waka, — da savla|uju razumno stresne doga|aje, — da razvijaju samopouzdawe i samokontrolu, — da re{avaju realno probleme shodno zdravom pona{awu, — da odbijaju ponu|ene PAS i napu{taju takvo dru{tvo, — da relaksacionim tehnikama savla|uju stresne doga|aje, — da oboga}uju ìvot pozitivnim iskustvima i tako za{tite sebe od rizika opasnih situacija, — da odgovorno donose odluke, re{avaju probleme i ve{to
394 • Dr Dragoslav Nikoli} komuniciraju u kriznim socijalnim sredinama. Metode i sredstva zdravstveno-vaspitnog rada A. Metodi rada su osmi{qeni i planirani prakti~ni postupci sa ciqem da se stanovni{tvu, nau~no, pedago{ki ukaù problemi BZ i na~in samoza{tite, uzajamne za{tite... Ukratko navodimo najpoznatije. Zdravstveno-vaspitni rad u primarnoj prevenciji BZ moè biti: 1. Individualni rad planirani razgovor, intervju... sa ciqem da se problem BZ re{ava — pojedinci, porodica... 2. Grupni rad — obra|uje odre|ene probleme BZ: — rad u maloj grupi (predavawe, pitawe i odgovori...), — panel diskusija — organizovana javna diskusija uz aktivno sudelovawe auditorijuma, — igrawe tu|e uloge — npr. alkoho~ara — hod, pona{awe na ulici, ku}i... — dramske predstave za decu, omladinu, — tematske izlo`be — slike, plakati, agitke... — multimedijalni kompjuter — omogu}ava kombinovawe metoda i sredstava. „Slide show“ omogu}ava zvuk vaspita~a, slike za u~enike. V. Zdravstveno vaspitna sredstva su instrumenti u ovom radu, pomaù predava~u da realizuje svoj program i korisnicima da lak{e shvate i prihvate poruke. Mogu biti: 1. O~igledna sredstva koja animiraju ~ula vida, sluha... mogu biti o~igledna — kwige, bro{ure, slikovnice, plakate, letke, agitke, parole, stripovi, izvodi ~lanaka, pri~e. 2. Zdravstvene izlo`be — u zdravstvenoj ustanovi, {koli, radnoj organizaciji... eksponati izlo`be, skladni i privla~ni treba da pruàju zdravu poruku, koja mora da krasi sliku, plakat, pano, razne makete...
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BIBLIOTEKA POSEBNA IZDAWA KWIGA BR.
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Dr Dragoslav Nikoli} BOLESTI ZAVISN
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PREDGOVOR Iako se u posledwe vreme
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Bolesti zavisnosti — Predgovor
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Bolesti zavisnosti — Predgovor
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12 • Dr Dragoslav Nikoli} dejstvo
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14 • Dr Dragoslav Nikoli} mawe il
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16 • Dr Dragoslav Nikoli} bolesti
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18 • Dr Dragoslav Nikoli} uli{e n
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20 • Dr Dragoslav Nikoli} mentaln
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22 • Dr Dragoslav Nikoli} narkoma
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24 • Dr Dragoslav Nikoli} autorit
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26 • Dr Dragoslav Nikoli} Tinejxe
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H ME\UNARODNA KLASIFIKACIJA BOLESTI
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Bolesti zavisnosti — Me|unarodna
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UVOD Savremena civilizacija je suo~
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Bolesti zavisnosti — Pu{ewe • 3
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UVOD Pijewe alkoholnih pi}a (pijewe
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Bolesti zavisnosti — Alkoholizam
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UVOD Narkomanija je kompleksna, kos
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Bolesti zavisnosti — Narkomanija
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334 • Dr Dragoslav Nikoli} Pu{ewe
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336 • Dr Dragoslav Nikoli} H E R
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338 • Dr Dragoslav Nikoli} Pu{ewe
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340 • Dr Dragoslav Nikoli} Gutawe
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Page 346: PRIMARNA PREVENCIJA BOLESTI ZAVISNO
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Page 419 and 420: 418 • Dr Dragoslav Nikoli} LITERA
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Page 423 and 424: 422 • Dr Dragoslav Nikoli} 42. Vu
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Page 433 and 434: 432 • Dr Dragoslav Nikoli} mogu}a
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444 • Dr Dragoslav Nikoli} [ta je
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446 • Dr Dragoslav Nikoli} Alkoho
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Smrtnost narkomana i znaci trovawa
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... Kwiga sublimira dosada{wa sazna
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452 • Dr Dragoslav Nikoli} Bolest
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