Retningslinier for Opstilling af Grundvandsmodeller - National ...

Retningslinier for Opstilling af Grundvandsmodeller © 2000 GEUS
1. INTRODUKTION ....................................................................................................................................... 4
2. TERMINOLOGI OG MODELCYKLUS.................................................................................................. 6
2.1 INDLEDNING ............................................................................................................................................. 6
2.2 TERMINOLOGI OG MODELCYKLUS ............................................................................................................ 6
2.3 MODELPROTOKOL .................................................................................................................................. 10
2.4 PARTER OG ROLLEFORDELING ................................................................................................................ 12
2.4.1 De forskellige parters ansvar ......................................................................................................... 12
2.4.2 Situationen i Danmark i dag........................................................................................................... 13
3. FORSLAG TIL DANSKE RETNINGSLINIER FOR STRØMNINGSMODELLER........................ 15
3.1 GENERELLE RETNINGSLINIER ................................................................................................................. 15
3.2 RETNINGSLINIER FOR OPSTILLING AF HYDROGEOLOGISK TOLKNINGSMODEL (MILEPÆL 1) .................... 17
3.3 RETNINGSLINIER FOR MODELOPSTILLING OG NØJAGTIGHEDSKRITERIER (MILEPÆL 2)............................ 19
3.4 RETNINGSLINIER VEDR. MILEPÆL 3 – KALIBRERING OG VALIDERING .................................................... 23
3.5 RETNINGSLINIER VEDR. MILEPÆL 4 – MODELSIMULERINGER OG USIKKERHEDSANALYSE ..................... 31
4. RETNINGSLINIER OM STOFTRANSPORTMODELLERING........................................................ 35
4.1 INDLEDNING ........................................................................................................................................... 35
4.2 FORMÅL OG DEFINITIONER AF BEGREBER............................................................................................... 35
4.3 HVAD DÆKKER BEGREBERNE PARTIKELBANE- OG STOFTRANSPORTMODELLERING OVER? .................... 36
4.3.1 Partikelbane modellering ............................................................................................................... 36
4.3.2 Stoftransportmodellering................................................................................................................ 36
4.3.3 Sammenligning af metoderne.......................................................................................................... 37
4.4 REAKTIV STOFTRANSPORTMODELLERING............................................................................................... 37
4.5 TRANSPORTMODELLERING, HVOR GRUNDVANDSSTRØMNINGEN PÅVIRKES AF STOFFERNE .................... 37
4.6 ANVENDELSESOMRÅDE.......................................................................................................................... 37
4.7 RETNINGSLINIER FOR ANVENDELSE AF TRANSPORTMODELLER .............................................................. 38
4.8 SPECIFIKKE FORHOLD VED PROTOKOL I FORBINDELSE MED TRANSPORTMODELLERING.......................... 38
4.8.1 Definition af modelformål............................................................................................................... 38
4.8.2 Konceptuel model ........................................................................................................................... 38
4.8.3 Valg af kode.................................................................................................................................... 39
4.8.4 Test af kode..................................................................................................................................... 41
4.8.5 Modelopsætning.............................................................................................................................. 41
4.8.6 Nøjagtighedskriterier...................................................................................................................... 43
4.8.7 Modelkalibrering ............................................................................................................................ 44
4.8.8 Validering ....................................................................................................................................... 45
4.8.9 Usikkerhedsvurdering..................................................................................................................... 45
4.8.10 Simuleringsscenarier .................................................................................................................... 45
4.8.11 Rapportering................................................................................................................................. 46
4.8.12 Postaudit....................................................................................................................................... 46
4. 9 KONKLUSION......................................................................................................................................... 46
5. LITTERATUR........................................................................................................................................... 47
APPENDIX A: KVANTITATIVE KALIBRERINGSKRITERIER......................................................... 50
APPENDIX B: ERFARINGER FRA UDLANDET ................................................................................... 52
B.1 ASTM RETNINGSLINIER ........................................................................................................................ 53
B.2 USGS, US ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERING OG ENKELTE STATERS RETNINGSLINIER ............................. 54
B.3 ERFARINGER FRA INTERNATIONALE WORKSHOPS OG KONFERENCER..................................................... 55
B.3.1 ModelCare konferencen i 1999 ...................................................................................................... 55
B.3.2 MODFLOW konferencen i 1998 .................................................................................................... 56
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