North Shore Heritage Thematic Review Report ... - Auckland Council

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Theme 1 Land and People 1.1 Geology Long known as the marine suburb, Devonport is defined by its coastal edges, its volcanic cones and its ridge and valley topography, which is typical of the Auckland isthmus generally. It is a peninsula with its eastern coastal edge of Narrow Neck and Cheltenham Beach facing Rangitoto and the Hauraki Gulf and its southern, city-facing, coast extending from North Head/Torpedo Bay to Stanley Point. Further round, the west-facing coastline is deeply indented and tidal with a number of smaller peninsula „fingers‟ extending into the water at Duder‟s Point and O‟Neill‟s Point/Bayswater Wharf. This portion includes Shoal Bay and Ngataringa Bay, where the mangrove swamps have been reclaimed in several places since the 1870s. Before the Auckland volcanic eruption 40,000 years ago, Devonport was made up of three islands. The main one was a large mass of Waitemata papa, 25 million years old, which extended from Vauxhall Road to Stanley Bay. The small islands were the cliff top of Fort Cautley military camp and the Stanley Bay block. Shoal Bay at that time formed a stream flowing into the Waitemata and Ngataringa Bay was open to the gulf. Fig. 1. Geological features of the Devonport Peninsula, Warren Wilcox, Devonport Historical and Museum Society. The eruptive period formed three volcanic cones. First was Takapuna (North Head), initially a tuff cone before its crater filled with scoria, spilled over its rim and buried it. Next came a fire mountain, Takararo North Shore Heritage - Thematic Review Report 128
(Mt Cambria), which formed a scoria cone. Finally, Takarunga (Mt Victoria), also a scoria cone, had its cone breached to the south east which allowed lava flows down to the sea. 1 It is believed that when it was breached the collapsed remnant of the cone was carried some distance by the lava before coming to rest much closer to the foreshore creating a hill, Takamaiwaho (Duder‟s Hill), now largely quarried away. Devonport‟s business area is sited on an old boulder bank, and this area was a ballast ground for early sailing ships. The Takapuna (North Head) cone was subsequently joined to the „main land‟ mass by a sandspit. Likewise, a sandspit formed at Kiritai (Narrow Neck), which joined the island to the peninsula. Ngataringa Bay became a saltmarsh at its eastern end. The cones would have been bush-clad before they were modified by Maori occupation for cultivation and defence. These modifications, with terraces and banks, give the cones their current distinctive silhouette. The Takapuna cone was crowned by pohutukawa that came right down to the shore. Together with karaka, mahoe, toitoi and clematis, kauri gum has been found at Ngataringa Bay and Stanley Point, indicating mixed forest of previous times. 2 The arrival of European settlers in the mid-19 th century inevitably altered the landscape. The volcanic cone of Mt Cambria was quarried away for road building, as was Duder‟s Hill. The mangrove swamp where Ngataringa Bay reached Narrow Neck was reclaimed from the late 1870s to form the race course – now the golf club and Woodall Park. This reclamation enabled Lake Road to be built, thereby affording a more direct route north than the Old Lake Road around Narrow Neck. Reclamation has taken place on the Stanley Point side of Ngataringa Bay - much of it by the Navy - and the sandspit that joined Stanley Point to the rest of Devonport has been built up. 3 Places that represent this theme include: The geological significance of the Mount Victoria Volcano, the North Head Volcano, the St Leonards/Narrow Neck Waitemata Sandstone Cliffs and the Narrow Neck Structural Discordance is recognised in Appendix 8B of the District Plan, Schedule of Sites of Geological and Landform Significance, and these features are protected by appropriate plan rules. The visual significance of the cones is recognised and protected by the height controls in Appendix 2 of the Planning Maps, which protects views of the cones from Lake Road and other surrounding vantage points. In addition, Appendix 8F of the District Plan contains a schedule of Significant Views from Public View Points, which includes harbour and Rangitoto views and views of the city and isthmus cones. The archaeological significance of the cones is recognised in Appendix 11B Schedule of Archaeological sites, as discussed in the following section. Duder‟s Hill Takamaiwaho, site of the Masonic Hotel, now quarried away. 1.2 The People of the North Shore Kupe and his crew are believed to have been the first people to see the Waitemata Harbour in about 925AD. Kupe is said to have sheltered for a while in Te Haupakaua (Torpedo Bay), and the crew he left there when he returned to Hawaiki are considered the first settlers of New Zealand. Toi te Huatahi who came in about 1150, following Kupe‟s sailing directions, also landed at Te Haupakaua. He was followed by his grandson, Uika, who settled permanently at North Head Maunga Uika. At this time the people of the area were generally called Te Kawarau. Another wave of canoes arrived about 1350 and of these, the Tainui canoe is known to have anchored at Te Haupakaua (Torpedo Bay) and subsequently at Taikehu (Devonport Beach). The Tainui people named the spring on North Head, Takapuna, and this name eventually came to mean all the land northwards to Lake Pupuke. In the mid 1980s the Devonport Borough 1 John Morton, „The Island Borough‟, S Musgrove, ed., The Hundred of Devonport: A Centennial History, Auckland, 1986, p.15. 2 Devonport Historical and Museum Society. 3 John Morton, „The Island Borough‟, The Hundred of Devonport, p.19. North Shore Heritage - Thematic Review Report 129
Page 1 and 2: North Shore Heritage Volume 2 North
Page 3 and 4: Contents Volume 1 Introduction 4 Au
Page 5 and 6: The principal author of the themati
Page 7: Section B North Shore Area Studies
Page 11 and 12: Pakeha settlement overlaid the earl
Page 13 and 14: 971 Midden (Shell) end of Beresford
Page 15 and 16: Fig. 4. PS Eagle leaving Auckland W
Page 17 and 18: Ferry Company. 23 Any structures as
Page 19 and 20: In the mid-1930s Devonport Borough
Page 21 and 22: In the early days of the colony, co
Page 23 and 24: Ten years later a more sophisticate
Page 25 and 26: 3.1 Subdivision of Land Large tract
Page 27 and 28: Ferry services to Stanley Bay began
Page 29 and 30: Fig. 18. Victoria Road, west side l
Page 31 and 32: 87 Vauxhall Road Vauxhall Road shop
Page 33 and 34: Avenue. Its gabled and hipped roof,
Page 35 and 36: 47 Vauxhall Road 51-53 Vauxhall Roa
Page 37 and 38: 141 Vauxhall Road 86 Victoria Road,
Page 39 and 40: Another volcanic cone, Mt Cambria,
Page 41 and 42: 4.2.2 Kauri Gum and Timber Kauri gu
Page 43 and 44: Boatbuilding was the principal indu
Page 45 and 46: Fig. 26. Duder Bros. Shop & Store,
Page 47 and 48: Fig. 28. Pearce‟s Masonic Hotel,
Page 49 and 50: Borough Council was the first to la
Page 51 and 52: and a launching ramp for the torped
Page 53 and 54: Fig. 34. Calliope Dock under constr
Page 55 and 56: defence fortification plan three la
Page 57 and 58: With the outbreak of war in 1914 po
Page 59 and 60:
Theme 6 Ways of life Early settlers
Page 61 and 62:
In 1916 the new St Paul‟s Church
Page 63 and 64:
Many girls received their primary e
Page 65 and 66:
centre for fun, fantasy and romance
Page 67 and 68:
Association Football Club, formed i
Page 69 and 70:
and the Returned Services Associati
Page 71 and 72:
Ngataringa Tennis Club Stanley Bay
Page 73 and 74:
Windsor Reserve, Memorial to JP May
Page 75 and 76:
Fig. 2. Section through the volcani
Page 77 and 78:
1.75 acres on Barry’s Point on th
Page 79 and 80:
Northcroft Street in 1941. 10 Recen
Page 81 and 82:
Steam Ferry Company expanded its op
Page 83 and 84:
Fig. 8. Steam Tram at Kitchener Roa
Page 85 and 86:
Fig. 10. Concrete road building, 19
Page 87 and 88:
After a decade it became evident th
Page 89 and 90:
Theme 3 Building the City 3.1 Subdi
Page 91 and 92:
Stretching around the lakeside from
Page 93 and 94:
Fig. 16. Lake View Estate - north o
Page 95 and 96:
Fig. 19. Mon Desir Hotel in 1930. N
Page 97 and 98:
Some of the first houses in the are
Page 99 and 100:
14 Eversleigh Road 9 Frater Avenue,
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airfield for air pageants and in 19
Page 103 and 104:
Fig. 23. Father of Jack Wallace, 19
Page 105 and 106:
Fig. 24. Nicks Timber Yard, 1960s.
Page 107 and 108:
Fig. 26. Hall’s Corner in 1912. N
Page 109 and 110:
and by the beach remained residenti
Page 111 and 112:
Poenamo Hotel, 31 Northcote Road Ch
Page 113 and 114:
Military Reserves were established
Page 115 and 116:
Another privately run health facili
Page 117 and 118:
In the early 20 th century a large
Page 119 and 120:
Fig. 34. Milford Baptist Church, c.
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6.2.4 Tertiary Education At the ter
Page 123 and 124:
Fig. 37. Bridgeway Theatre, Milford
Page 125 and 126:
Fig. 38. Kitchener Park Tennis Club
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was bought in Killarney Street for
Page 129 and 130:
Northcote Theme 1 Land and People 1
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a tidal inlet at Shoal Bay. An addi
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still later the remainder became re
Page 135 and 136:
Fig. 3. Land within the Roman Catho
Page 137 and 138:
Theme Two Infrastructure 2.1 Transp
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Fig. 8. 1866 Map of Northcote and B
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A purpose-built Northcote post offi
Page 143 and 144:
Fig. 13. View of Northcote and Litt
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Fig. 15. Summary map showing the su
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3.3. Residential Architecture Subdi
Page 149 and 150:
At 67 Princes Street a three-storey
Page 151 and 152:
Fig. 27. Houses at 7, 7a, 9 and 9a
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The Northcote Point Heritage Walk n
Page 155 and 156:
Fig. 33. Queen Street Northcote, lo
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Architectural drawings for addition
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The Northcote Hotel is one of the m
Page 161 and 162:
Fig. 45. The flagpole erected on No
Page 163 and 164:
5.2 Defence Fig 50 [left] & Fig. 51
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Council of New Zealand Hospital Mat
Page 167 and 168:
Fig. 55 [left]. St John the Baptist
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6.1.3 Methodist Church The first Me
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Places that represent this theme in
Page 173 and 174:
The site of Hato Petera College was
Page 175 and 176:
Page 177 and 178:
Fig. 76. Original drawings for the
Page 179 and 180:
purpose-designed library was design
Page 181 and 182:
Pakeha settled Auckland from Septem
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Fig. 2. Subdivision plans for villa
Page 185 and 186:
Theme 2 Infrastructure 2.1 Transpor
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In 1954 the Waitemata Bus and Trans
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exchange in 1925. That manual excha
Page 191 and 192:
Page 193 and 194:
In Birkenhead, one of the largest a
Page 195 and 196:
Fig. 18. Former SF Roberts’ groce
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3.3 Residential Architecture Fig. 2
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115 Mokoia Road Swindale farmhouse
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Theme 4 Work 4.1 Farming From the m
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sites. In 1909 the four existing tw
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Fig. 36. View down Hinemoa Street c
Page 207 and 208:
In January 1924, local builder Fred
Page 209 and 210:
Fig. 55. 92-94 Hinemoa Street. Dill
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Theme 5 Government 5.1 Local Govern
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During the late-1960s a national su
Page 215 and 216:
Birkenhead, Northcote and Glenfield
Page 217 and 218:
In 1912 the Birkenhead Borough Coun
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Fig. 66. Former Victoria Hall at 17
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Fig. 74 A & 74B. Birkenhead Library
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Birkdale - Beach Haven Theme 1 Land
Page 225 and 226:
Map 23 Site 37 Pa, Island Site 48 M
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Fig. 2. Island Bay Wharf. Photo Mat
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These rural suburbs changed rapidly
Page 231 and 232:
Page 233 and 234:
Fig. 7 [left] & Fig. 8 [right]. Bea
Page 235 and 236:
Fig. 11. House at 54 Eskdale Road.
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Fig. 14 [left] & Fig. 15 [right]. C
Page 239 and 240:
Page 241 and 242:
6.1.2 Catholic Church Until 1894, S
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Fig. 28. St Mark’s Coptic Orthodo
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Principal of Birkdale College Brian
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the guard of honour for the girl wr
Page 249 and 250:
Other early landowners and settlers
Page 251 and 252:
Ellen, Jessie, Mary, Terry-Lyn, Phi
Page 253 and 254:
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esidential lots formed in the area
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Page 259 and 260:
Theme 4 Work 4.1 Farming Wheat, mai
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Wild therefore moved to Glenfield,
Page 263 and 264:
Page 265 and 266:
Theme 6 Ways of Life 6.1 Religion I
Page 267 and 268:
6.1.3 Methodist Church Prior to the
Page 269 and 270:
A Glenfield Hall Association was fo
Page 271 and 272:
Section B North Shore Area Studies
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Fig. 1. Map of Pakeha settlers in A
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Fig. 3. Foley’s bus service in th
Page 277 and 278:
Page 279 and 280:
3.2 Commercial Architecture The ear
Page 281 and 282:
The Paremoremo Scenic Reserve is th
Page 283 and 284:
Fig.10. Bush Road in the 1950s. Har
Page 285 and 286:
While other parts of the North Shor
Page 287 and 288:
and accommodates 681 prisoners. It
Page 289 and 290:
6.2 Education The first school in t
Page 291 and 292:
Page 293 and 294:
East Coast Bays Theme 1 Land and Pe
Page 295 and 296:
Some of the bays in the area were n
Page 297 and 298:
Theme 2 Infrastructure 2.1 Transpor
Page 299 and 300:
was built at the corner of Kowhai a
Page 301 and 302:
3.2 Commercial Architecture Histori
Page 303 and 304:
Vaughan family, creating the Long B
Page 305 and 306:
4.2.2 Kauri Gum and Timber Kauri gu
Page 307 and 308:
All the established commercial cent
Page 309 and 310:
Page 311 and 312:
North, Bay of Islands, Auckland, No
Page 313 and 314:
Theme 6 Ways of Life 6.1 Religion A
Page 315 and 316:
The first educational facility beca
Page 317 and 318:
North Shore Leisure - East Coast Ba
Page 319 and 320:
Section C North Shore City Council
Page 321 and 322:
North Shore District Plan Section 1
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41 Browns Bay Esplanade Reserve 42
Page 325 and 326:
76 120-128 Queen Street Bridgeway C
Page 327 and 328:
10 Birkenhead Ward (Birkenhead) - C
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171 94 Queen Street House 30 172 96
Page 331 and 332:
224 1 Earnoch Avenue Exchange/ Crec
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14 Devonport Ward - Category A No.
Page 335 and 336:
Page 337 and 338:
Page 339 and 340:
Page 341 and 342:
Site Number Site Description Map No
Page 343 and 344:
Page 345:
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North Shore Heritage Thematic Review Report ... - Auckland Council

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