TROUBLED WATERS - Whale and Dolphin Conservation Society

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International Aid For Korean Animals (IAKA) and Korean Animal Protection Society (KAPS) 2002. The Fight for Korean Animals 3(4): 3. Ishikawa, H. 2002. Report on whale Killing Methods in the 2001/2002 JARPA. Submitted by Japan to the 2002 IWC Working Group on Whale Killing Methods and Associated Welfare Issues. IWC/54/WKM&AWI 11. Ishikawa, H. 2003. Report on Whale Killing Methods in the 2002/2003 JARPA and improvement of time to death in the Japanese Whale Research Programmes (JARPA and JARPN). Submitted by Japan to the 2003 IWC Workshop on Whale Killing Methods and Associated Welfare Issues. IWC/55/WK25. Ishikawa, H. and Mogoe, T. 2003. Report of experiments to compare Norwegian and Japanese penthrite grenades and improvement of the Japanese grenade in the Japanese Whales Research Programs. Submitted by Japan to the 2003 IWC Workshop on Whale Killing Methods and Associated Welfare Issues. IWC/55/WK23. Mitchell, E.D., Reeves, R.R. and Evely, A. 1986. Whale Killing Methods: An Annotated Bibliography. Bibliography of Whale Killing Techniques. Report of the International Whaling Commission, Special Issue 7. International Whaling Commission, Cambridge. p.1-12. Reeves, R.R., Stewart, B.S., Clapham, P.J. and Powell, J.A. 2002. National Audubon Society Guide to Marine Mammals of the World. Alfred A Knopf Inc. Silva, M. and Downing, J.A. 1995. CRC Handbook of Mammalian Body Masses. CRC Press Inc. Stachowitsch, M. and Brakes, P. 2003. Review of secondary killing methods employed for whales hunted under special permit, commercial whaling and aboriginal subsistence whaling. Submitted by Austria and co-sponsored by New Zealand, to the IWC Workshop on Whale Killing Methods and Associated Welfare Issues. Berlin, Germany. June 7-9 2003. IWC/55/WK22. Stewart, B.S. 2002. Diving Behaviour. In: Encyclopaedia of Marine Mammals. Eds. W.F. Perrin, B. Würsig, and J.G.M.Thewissen. Academic Press. Ward, F.R. 1999. Blows, Mon, Blows! A History of Bequia Whaling. Extract submitted by St. Vincent and the Grenadines to the 1999 IWC Workshop on Whale Killing Methods. For Information Document 2. Footnotes 1 Permitted by Article V of the IWC’s founding treaty (the International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling, ICRW). 2 The quota set for 2003 was 711. 3 Japan’s Antarctic Whaling Research Programme. 4 Japan’s North Pacific Whaling Research Programme. 5 According to a research proposal submitted to the IWC in June 2003. 6 Norway noted during the infraction sub-committee that, according to Norwegian national regulations, bycatches have to be landed and are consumed in order not to waste valuable resources. Report of the Infractions Sub-Committee IWC/55/Rep4. 7 In December 2002, Greenland Radio reported Greenlandic interest in exporting whale meat to Norway in exchange for blubber. At the 2003 IWC meeting, Russia made a request to commercialise blood and other non-edible products from gray whales. 8 Data sourced from papers submitted to IWC Working Group or Workshop on Whale Killing Methods and Associated Welfare Issues. COMMERCIAL AND ABORIGINAL SUBSISTENCE WHALING 51
52 A REVIEW OF THE WELFARE IMPLICATIONS OF MODERN WHALING ACTIVITIES 9 Norway reports that these animals are all lost after they are dead. 10 Data recorded for only 481 whales. 11 Annual number of whales reported as bycaught in trap nets. Data from Japan’s Annual Progress Reports, submitted to the IWC. 12 Article VI, paragraph 28, Appendix A. 13 In addition, the Commission is developing a data collection form as part of its negotiations of the Revised Management Scheme, which will manage commercial whaling in the future if the Moratorium is ever lifted. 14 At time of writing, Iceland has not completed its first season and it is not known if it will report any data collected to the IWC. 15 Relaxation of the lower jaw or no flipper movement or sinking without active movement (Anon 1980). 16 Effective for all whales, except minke, killed for commercial purposes from the beginning of the 1980/81 pelagic and 1981 coastal seasons. Effective for minke whales from the 1982/83 pelagic and 1983 coastal seasons. (Paragraph 6, ICRW) 17 Permit No. 14-SUIKAN-1299, dated April 4 2003. 18 The IWC is inconsistent in addressing this issue for Aboriginal hunts; for example only setting a limit on the number of whales ‘taken’ in Greenland’s fin whale and East Greenland minke whale hunts, but capping the number of whales ‘struck’ in its west Greenland minke hunt. 19 Article VI, Information Required, paragraphs 25 and 27. 20 Thirty-nine of the Scientific Committee’s national delegates from many different nations had concluded that, not only was Iceland’s research proposal poorly contrived and unlikely to yield relevant results, but that it was ‘deficient in almost every respect’. 21 IWC Resolution 2003-3. 22 First passed in 1990 and amended in 2001. 23 According to data provided to the IWC by Japan, before 2001 the average number of whales bycaught in Japanese trap nets was 20, however, this leapt to 79 in 2001, following the implementation of the new legislation. 24 The Hokkaido Shimbun (a Japanese newspaper) reported that, of 123 whales caught in nets between July 2001 and July 2002, 119 were killed. This represents an increase in the first year since the law was changed to permit fishermen to kill and sell the whales caught in their nets. 25 For example, the UK stated (and others concurred) to the IWC meeting in 2002 that “animals killed under Japan’s new legislation which, under certain circumstances, authorises the deliberate killing of whales bycaught in fishing operations, should be reported as infractions” (Chair’s Report of the 54th Annual Meeting. P 45). 26 Paragraph 13 of the schedule to the ICRW. 27 For example, in 1979, the Technical Working Group on Humane Killing recommended that governments act to reduce waste and inhumane methods of killing. In 1985, the Commission adopted a resolution on humane killing in Aboriginal Subsistence Whaling that “urges the prompt adoption of more efficient methods of killing whales, that reduce cruelty and inhumanity, in areas where aboriginal and subsistence whaling is practised” (Chair’s report of 37th Annual Meeting, appendix 3). These sentiments were reiterated in Resolution 1997- 1, which urged aboriginal subsistence whalers to “do everything possible to reduce still further any unavoidable suffering caused to whales in such hunts”. 28 IWC Resolutions 1997-1 and 1999-1.
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Appendix II Colour plates ©Mark Vo
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Figure 13. Processing minke whales
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TROUBLED WATERS - Whale and Dolphin Conservation Society

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