English – Quenya - Ambar Eldaron
English – Quenya - Ambar Eldaron
English – Quenya - Ambar Eldaron
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Helge K. Fauskanger http://www.uib.no/People/hnohf/<br />
upwards or forwards, flat and tensed (with<br />
fingers and thumb closed or spread" (VT47:9).<br />
Individual hand-names: forma "right hand",<br />
hyarma "left hand" (VT47:6, VT49:12). Other<br />
terms for "hand": nonda (said to mean "hand,<br />
especially in [?clutching]"; Tolkien's gloss was<br />
not certainly legible, VT47:23), quárë (this is<br />
properly "fist", but was often used for "hand" <strong>–</strong><br />
see FIST); HOLLOW OF HAND cambë (also<br />
used simply = “hand”, as in cambeya “his hand”,<br />
VT49:17). A variant of this, camba, is in VT47:7<br />
defined as "the whole hand, but as flexed, with<br />
fingers more or less closed, cupped, in the<br />
attitude of receiving or holding". HAND-LINK,<br />
see WRIST. Adj. HAVING HANDS mavoitë;<br />
HANDY, HANDED maitë (stem *maiti-) (skilled)<br />
(pl. maisi. When maitë is the final element of<br />
names, it is translated "handed" instead of<br />
"handy", e.g. Angamaitë "Iron-handed",<br />
morimaitë "blackhanded") For other "handed"related<br />
terms, see HEAVYHAND(ED).<br />
Compound LANGUAGE OF THE HANDS<br />
mátengwië <strong>–</strong>MA3/LT2:339/VT39:10, FS,<br />
VT47:6, 9, 23, KWAR/Silm:429, KAB, LotR:1085<br />
cf. Letters:425, LotR:1015/SD:68, 72, UT:460,<br />
VT47:9<br />
HAND-FULL maqua (dual maquat is<br />
attested). Colloquially, the word maqua is also<br />
used for the "hand" itself (called má in formal<br />
language); maqua may refer to the "complete<br />
hand with all five fingers", and the word is<br />
therefore also used for a group of 5 similar things<br />
(just like the dual maquat may refer to a group of<br />
10 similar things; see FIVE, TEN). <strong>–</strong>VT47:7<br />
HANDLE (vb) mahta- (deal with, fight,<br />
manage, wield, wield a weapon); pa.t. mahtanë<br />
is attested. <strong>–</strong>MAK/MA3, VT39:11, MA3, VT47:6,<br />
18, 19, VT49:10<br />
HANDLE (noun) tolma (defined as<br />
"protuberance contrieved to serve a purpose,<br />
knob, short rounded handle", etc.) <strong>–</strong>VT47:28<br />
HANG linga- (dangle) <strong>–</strong>LING<br />
HAPPEN <strong>–</strong> LT2:348 gives mart- "it<br />
happens" (impersonal). Perhaps read *marta- in<br />
LotR-style <strong>Quenya</strong>; compare marta- "[to]<br />
chance" in QL:63<br />
HAPPY valin (LT1:272 also gives valimo,<br />
but adjectives ending in -o do not occur in LotRstyle<br />
<strong>Quenya</strong>), HAPPINESS vald- (so in<br />
LT1:272; nom. sg. must be either *val or *valdë)<br />
(blessedness) It is highly questionable whether<br />
these words from early material quoted in<br />
LT1:272 are conceptually "valid" in LotR-style<br />
<strong>Quenya</strong>: Originally, they were meant to be<br />
related to the noun Valar, the Gods being<br />
termed the "Happy Ones", but Tolkien later re-<br />
interpreted Valar as meaning the "Powers". For<br />
"happiness" it may be better to use the noun<br />
alassë "joy", and for "happy" or "joyful, joyous"<br />
many writers have used the neologism *alassëa.<br />
HARBOUR hópa (haven, bay <strong>–</strong> obsoleting<br />
cópa, cópas in LT1:257); HARBOURAGE<br />
hopassë <strong>–</strong>KHOP<br />
HARD sarda, nauca (the latter also<br />
meaning ill-shapen, twisted, *small <strong>–</strong> see<br />
SMALL.); hranga (hard; awkward, stiff, difficult).<br />
Note: hranga- is also a verb “thwart”. <strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><br />
VT39:17, WJ:413, PE17:154, 185<br />
HARE lapattë <strong>–</strong>GL:52<br />
HARP (vb) nanda-; HARP (noun) nandë;<br />
LITTLE HARP nandellë; HARPING (noun, not<br />
adjectival participle) nandelë; HARPER<br />
nandaro, HARP-PLAYER tyalangan. (In Etym,<br />
all but the last of these words are spelt with initial<br />
ñ, that is, ng. Initial ng had become n in Third<br />
Age <strong>Quenya</strong>, and I follow the system of LotR and<br />
transcribe it accordingly. But if these words are<br />
written in Tengwar, the initial n should be<br />
transcribed with the letter noldo, not númen.)<br />
HARP-PLAYING salmë. HARPING ON ONE<br />
TUNE vorongandelë ("vorogandele" in the<br />
published Etymologies is a misreading; see<br />
VT45:7) (continuous repetition) <strong>–</strong>NGAN, TYAL;<br />
cf. LotR:1157, LT1:265, LIN 1<br />
HARSH naraca (rending, violent) (possibly<br />
"of sounds", but Tolkien's extra comment is<br />
partially illegible) <strong>–</strong>NÁRAK, VT45:37<br />
HARVEST yávië (autumn) <strong>–</strong> evidently<br />
obsoleting yávan in LT1:273. In the Calendar of<br />
Imladris, yávië was a precisely defined period of<br />
52 days, but the word was also used without any<br />
exact definition. Note: here yávië refers to<br />
harvest time, and it is unclear whether it can also<br />
mean "harvest" in the sense "harvested<br />
products", though it is derived from a stem<br />
meaning "fruit".% <strong>–</strong>LotR:1142, 1145<br />
HAS BEEN, see BE<br />
HASP tangwa (clasp) <strong>–</strong>TAK<br />
HASTE ormë (wrath, violence, rushing);<br />
HASTY orna, tyelca (agile) <strong>–</strong>GOR, KHOR,<br />
PM:353<br />
HAT táta <strong>–</strong>GL:71<br />
HATE (vb) #tev- (aorist tevë), LT1:258<br />
has mokir "I hate", read *mocin in LotR-style<br />
<strong>Quenya</strong>? Instead of using these early "Qenya"<br />
terms, writers may prefer the later verb yelta-,<br />
glossed "loathe, abhor" by Tolkien. HATEFUL<br />
sancë; HATRED tévië <strong>–</strong>LT1:268 (according to<br />
QL:90, tévië rather than tevië is the correct<br />
reading), LT2:341<br />
HAUBERK ambassë (breastplate) <strong>–</strong>QL:30<br />
Wordlist last updated July 5th, 2008 38 Presented by http://www.ambar-eldaron.com