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48 Gradienter Screw Table I. Factors to be multiplied by the space on the vertical rod expressed in feet and decimals, included in two revolutions of the gradienter screw, to find the distance of the foot of the rod from the center of the horizontal axis of the transit telescope,
49 In practically applying this table, it is preferable to take the mean of several readings of the rod in each position of the gradienter screw.* Thus, with the target near the foot of the rod, and then moved to correspond to two revolutions of the gradienter screw, three readings hi each position were a follows : Means, I. Altitude 18 2V ft 0.625 0.627 0.625 II. . . . 0.626 3.378 0.626 Difference, 2.752 Factor for direct distance for 18 = 94.80 For Horizontal Distance=90.17 " " 1S30'= 94.51 " " " =89.63 Differences, . . . =0.29 0.54 Therefore, the factor, for 18 20' will be for the direct distance 94.80, ?3 of 0.28 -a 94.61, and for the horizontal distance, 90.17 2/3 of 0.54=89.81. Then we have, 2.752 X 94.01 = 260.37 = the direct distance. 2.752 X 89.81 = 247.15 = the horizontal distance. This direct distance being the distance from the position of the foot of the rod or the lower target to the center of the horizontal axis of the telescope,! and the horizontal distance, the one usually desired, that distance reduced to a level line. The mean value of two revolutions of the Gradienter Screw in arc. is 34' 23*. Hence the value in arc of one of its smallest divisions on the head is 20" nearly. Vertical angles therefore may be laid off with facility when they are confined to the range ot' the screw. To insure at all times accurate results, the telescope axis should revolve free, but without any looseness in the bearings. The engineer should examine these bearings from time to time, and, if necessary, fresh and pure watch oil must be applied. To make a measurement with a micrometer screw, its graduated head should be set back slightly, then bring it up to the readings in the same direction in which the measurement must be effected. * Should the engineer desire the direct distance between the foot of the rod, and tk* Joint *vrr mkick t*t tivmb-iob is suspended, it may be found by the following formula. X = V
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ENGIN. LIBRARY UC-NRLF STANDARD INS
Page 9 and 10: PREFACE. THE instruments enumerated
Page 11 and 12: DESCRIPTION OP THE Essential Featur
Page 13 and 14: Tangent Screws. These are made of A
Page 15 and 16: The Finish. It is a well-known fact
Page 17 and 18: 11 whatever. As a rule more harm th
Page 19 and 20: 13 has sufficiently developed to im
Page 21 and 22: 15 ordinary instruments, but it mus
Page 23 and 24: 17 frame, and apply another drop of
Page 25 and 26: 19 The finer and finest classes of
Page 27 and 28: 21 applied with an adjusting pin ab
Page 29 and 30: 23 adjustment of the telescope in t
Page 31 and 32: 25 Owing to the many improvements m
Page 33 and 34: 27 Engineers 9 Instruments and Thei
Page 35: ITrfpodfead 2 // Bolt 3 // >/ Mf J
Page 38 and 39: In practice, however, many engineer
Page 40 and 41: 34 The Pancratic, or Changeable Pow
Page 42 and 43: the 130 division, and moved on unti
Page 44 and 45: 38 Graduation Reading to 2O". A 15
Page 46 and 47: Decimal Vernier Graduation. For rai
Page 48 and 49: HORIZONTAL CIRCLE HORIZONTAL CIRCLE
Page 50 and 51: 44 line of collimation of the teles
Page 52 and 53: 46 Obviously then, the number of wh
Page 56 and 57: 50 The subjoined table affords a re
Page 58 and 59: 52 Plumbing and Centering Arrangeme
Page 60 and 61: 54 To make the adjustment for Paral
Page 62 and 63: 56 capstan-headed screw at left to
Page 64 and 65: 58 To adjust the line of collimatio
Page 68 and 69: 62 The Adjustment of the Wye Level.
Page 70 and 71: On slightly rising ground locate fo
Page 72 and 73: (5.) Astronomical Triangle. The hei
Page 74 and 75: 68 From the -(- sign of the " diffe
Page 76 and 77: 70 Degree of Precision Required. (1
Page 78 and 79: 72 tions for refraction, using the
Page 80 and 81: 74 Correction to the Mean Refractio
Page 82 and 83: 76 Table H. Coefficients showing th
Page 84 and 85: 78 To Find the Meridian from " Pola
Page 86 and 87: 80 REMARKS. If the instrument is no
Page 88 and 89: 82 These devices are being more and
Page 90 and 91: 84 c. Directions. For finding the S
Page 92 and 93: 6. Directions. For reducing the nor
Page 94 and 95: 88 On Stadia Measurement. Written e
Page 96 and 97: 90 included between this and the ot
Page 98 and 99: 92 Jug, R, of the rod AB is the dif
Page 100 and 101: 94 gent screw of the main telescope
Page 102 and 103: 96 zero when plates are leveled up
Page 104 and 105:
i I * 2 I! all 35 e 5c u fcc - = H
Page 106 and 107:
100 Berger Short Focus Lenses. A se
Page 108 and 109:
102 NOTE. In selecting instruments
Page 110:
RIBBING PARTS OF INSTRUMENTS. Patro
Page 115:
The Berber Complete Engineers' and
Page 119:
[Patented) The Berber Complete Mine
Page 122 and 123:
11(5 5 O o to tO u tO CM in in in o
Page 124 and 125:
118 n ai in Spirit Levels. For the
Page 126 and 127:
l, 33 120
Page 128 and 129:
122
Page 130 and 131:
14 124 C. L,. BEKGEK & SONS. BOSTON
Page 132 and 133:
1 5" AND 1 7|" C. t. BKKGER & SONS.
Page 134 and 135:
C. 1-28 BEKGEU & SONS. Monitor Type
Page 136 and 137:
130 The Berger 18 MONITOR TYPE WYE
Page 138 and 139:
1 18 132 C. I*. BERGER & SONS, BOST
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18 134 II ENGINEERS' WYE LEVEL. lev
Page 142 and 143:
136 18" HYDROGRAPHER'S WYE LEVEL Ha
Page 144 and 145:
138 Reversion Level. Applicable to
Page 146 and 147:
140 The Telescope will be invariabl
Page 148 and 149:
142 THE GEODETIC LEVEL. In response
Page 150 and 151:
144 COAST SURVEY PRECISE LEVEL The
Page 152 and 153:
146 PLANE TABLE This instrument, as
Page 154 and 155:
61" 150 ENGINEERS' AND SURVEYORS' T
Page 156 and 157:
No. 1 a. 6 1 4 in. at edge of gradu
Page 158 and 159:
No. I a. T 4 in. at edge of graduat
Page 160 and 161:
No. 1 c. 154 C. L. BERGER & SO>S in
Page 162 and 163:
No. 1 c, Style p. in. at edge of jr
Page 164 and 165:
. 1 f. is made by C. L. Berger & So
Page 166 and 167:
160 C. L. BEKGEK & SONS. MONITOR TY
Page 168 and 169:
162 64 SURVEYORS' TRANSIT No. 1 s.
Page 170 and 171:
5^" 164 C. L. BERGER & SONS, BOSTON
Page 172 and 173:
166 C. L. BERGER & SONS. BOSTON 5|"
Page 174 and 175:
5|" 168 ENGINEERS' AND SURVEYORS' T
Page 176 and 177:
The Surveyors' Solar Attachment. Pl
Page 178 and 179:
172 The Berger Solar Attachment Att
Page 180 and 181:
174 Davis' Patent Solar Attachment.
Page 182 and 183:
176 THE 5|" MOUNTAIN TRANSIT. This
Page 184 and 185:
178 The 41" Mountain and Mining: Tr
Page 186 and 187:
4|" 180 C. L,. BERGER & SONS. BOSTO
Page 188 and 189:
182 The 4" Mountain, Mining and Rec
Page 190 and 191:
184 The 4" Complete Transit- Theodo
Page 192 and 193:
186 4>4 " Complete Mine Transit No.
Page 194 and 195:
^ 188 t4 Mining Transits. All of th
Page 196 and 197:
The 190 See M Fig. 1. Berger Patent
Page 198 and 199:
03 192 Complete Mining Transit No.
Page 200 and 201:
|S go Complete Wet-Mine Transit No.
Page 202 and 203:
196 Different Types of Vertical Arc
Page 204 and 205:
:i98 Edge G-racl nation for Vertica
Page 206 and 207:
The Open-Frame Protected Vertical C
Page 208 and 209:
202 C. L. BEKGKK & SONS. Flexible J
Page 210 and 211:
S fa 204 Style of trivets used with
Page 212 and 213:
200 Patented. The Lateral Adjuster
Page 214 and 215:
Mining Transit. Interchangeable wit
Page 216 and 217:
210 Tunnel Transits. Xo. 1C a Tunne
Page 218 and 219:
212 Triaiigulatioii Transit- Theodo
Page 220 and 221:
No. lib. 214 Complete Double Opposi
Page 222 and 223:
210 No. 11 m. 7-iiich Complete Tran
Page 224 and 225:
218 No. llg, 7-inch Complete Triang
Page 226 and 227:
220 No. 12. 8-iiich Transit for Tri
Page 228 and 229:
SPECIFICATIONS : No. 15 Alt-Azimuth
Page 230 and 231:
No. 15 b. Alt.-Azimuth. 224 Alt. -A
Page 232 and 233:
Portable Transit Instrument for Lat
Page 234 and 235:
228 Reflecting Circle. Artificial H
Page 236 and 237:
230 Current Meters, The types of cu
Page 238 and 239:
232 Current Meters No. V and VI, As
Page 240 and 241:
234 Plain Polar Plaiiimeter. This P
Page 242 and 243:
236 Leveling Rods No. 145 No. 147 N
Page 244 and 245:
Paine's Steel Tape Measures. & inch
Page 246 and 247:
240 Surveyors' Chain Tapes. Heavy J
Page 248 and 249:
2-12 Standard Steel Tape Measures.
Page 250 and 251:
No. 210. Plummet Lamp. tfo. 212. 24
Page 252 and 253:
246 Portable Anemometers. These ins
Page 254 and 255:
PRICES SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NO
Page 256 and 257:
J Tripod Head 2 // Bolt 3 * .* Nut
Page 258 and 259:
Levels, Locke's Hand Reversion Revo
Page 260 and 261:
C. Li. Berger & Sons' Bevel-Limb Tr
Page 262 and 263:
0) O (^ c CL 0? Z O (0 O K lu ffi C
Page 264 and 265:
O CO K III III These prices do not
Page 266 and 267:
ord (In whether . 4 O ~ bJD p,"* 3,
Page 268 and 269:
a -iQ. Q u u o 0) o 0) U O U CO o C
Page 270 and 271:
These prices do not include bag (SI
Page 272 and 273:
Q III o o z o u o o U Ott bl CD O U
Page 274:
o O (0 ui y O J O Q. O U 5> OC os .
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800290 I A 33012 Engineeringlibrary
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