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S U M A T R A , H3 Arts and Manufatlures.—Art of Medicine.—Sciences.-—drithmetk: Geography: Aftronomy: Muftc^ &c. X SHALL now take a view of thofe arts and manufactures which the Sumatrans are fkilled in, and which are not merely domeftic, but con- Arts and M tributing rather to the conveniences, and in fome inftances to the lux- nufitftuies. uries, than to the neceflaries of life. I muft remind the reader that my obfervations on this fubject, are moftly drawn from the Rejangs, or thofe people of the ifland, who are upon their level of improvement. We meet with accounts in old writers, of great founderies of cannon in the dominion of Acheen, and it is certain, that fire arms, as well as creefes, are at this day manufactured in the country of Menangcahw ; but my prefent defcription does not go to thofe fuperior exertions of art, which certainly do not appear among thofe people of the ifland whofe manners, more efpecially, I am attempting to delineate. What follows would feem an exception, however, from this limitation. There is no manufacture in that part of the world; and perhaps I might be juftified in faying, in any part of the world; that has been more admired and celebrated, than the fine gold and filver fillagree of Sumatra. This however is, ftrictly fpeaking, the work of the Malay, and not of the original inhabitants; but as it F-llaerw. is in univerfal ufe and wear throughout the country, and as the goldfmiths are fettled every where along the coaft, I cannot be guilty of much irregularity in defcribing here the procefs of their art. There is no circumftance that renders the fillagree a matter of greater curiofity, than the coarfenefs of the tools employed in the workmanftiip, and which, in the hands of an European, would not be thought fuffic "iently perfect for the moft ordinary purpofes. They are rudely and inartificiaiiy formed, by the goldfmith (pandi), from any old iron he can pick up. When you engage one of them to execute a piece of work, his firft requeft is ufually for a piece of iron hoop, to make his wiredrawing inftrument: an old hammer head, ftuck in a block, ferves for O o an
I4+ S U M A T R A . an anvil; and I have feen a pair of compaffes, compofed of two old nails tied together at one end. The gold is melted in a piece of a preeoo or earthen rice pot, or fometimes in a crucible -of their own make, of ordinary clay. In general they ufe no bellows, but blow the fire with their mouths, through a joint of bamboo, and if the quantity of metal to be melted is confideiable, three or foar perfons fit round their furnace; which is an old broken qual'ee or iron pot; and blow together. At Padarig alone, where the manufacture is more confiderable, they have adopted the Chinefe bellows. Their method of drawing the wire, differs but little from that ufed by European workmen. When drawn to a fufficient finenefs, they flatten it, by beating it on their anvil; and when flattened they give it a twift, like that in the whalebone handle of a punchladle, by rubbing it on a block of wood, with a flat flick. After twitting they again beat it on the anvil, and by thefe means it becomes flat wire with indented edges. With a pair of nippers they fold down the end of this wire, and thus form a leaf, or element of a flower in their work, which is cut off. The end is again folded and cut off, till they have got a fufficient number of leaves, which are all laid on fingly. Patterns of the flowers or foliage, in which there is not very much variety, are prepared on paper, of the fize of the gold plate on which the fillagree is to be laid. According to this, they begin to difpofe on the plate, the larger compartments of the foliage, for which they ufe plain flat wire of a larger fize, and fill them up with the leaves before mentioned. To fix their work they employ a glutinous fubftance, made of the red berry called boon /ago, ground to a pulp, on a rough flone. This pulp they place on a young coconut, about the fize of a walnut, the top and bottom being cut off. I at firft imagined that caprice alone might have direfted them to the ufe of the coconut for this purpofe: but I have fince reflected on the probability of the juice of the young fruit being neceffary to keep the pulp moift, which would otherwife fpeedily become dry and ynfit for the work. After that the leaves have been all placed in order, and fluck on, bit by bit, a folder is prepared of gold filings and borax, rnoiftened with water, wliich they ftrew over the plate, and then putting it in the fire for a fnort time, the
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To five tlir 2U/i
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Ü J «5
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iv P R E F A C E . The Portuguefe b
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vi P R E F A C E . Thefe objedions,
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viii P R E F A C E . ferve as data
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Z S U -M .A T R A. parts of the wor
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4 S U M A T R A . mencement of what
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6 S U M A T R A . liflied in the ye
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8 S U M A T R A . perfïces, muft b
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ÏO S U M A T R A . the north fide
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£2 S U M A T R A . warming themfel
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I4 S U M A T R A . farther peninful
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%6 S U M A T R A . center being int
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it S U M A T R A . ward—the land
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20 S U M A T R A , or of the northe
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Tin. Sulphur. Saltpeter. -Coal. Chr
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24 S U M A T R A . of a mountain, a
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26 S U M A T R A . are known, in co
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28 S U M A T R A , coral powder is
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30 S U M A T R A . tity, preffes on
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32 S U M A T R A . whilft its very
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34 S U M A T R Ai Diftinclion of In
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3"6 S U M A T R A . Mahometanifm, a
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Situation of ilieRcjang country. Pe
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4o S U M A T R A . from my mind, co
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iu cc. 42 S U M A T R A , Hill peop
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44 S U M A T R A . Man's drefs. ^ m
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46 S U M A T R A . concealed from t
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4S S U M A T R A . Villages.—Buil
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5° S U M A T R A . of habitation.
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5* S U M A T R A . not unfrequently
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54 S U M A T R A . Utcnfils. They h
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S6 S U M A T R A . gathered and bro
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58 S U M A T R A . fpawn of fhrimps
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6© S U M A T R A. thofo which do o
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62 S U M A T R A. but the contrary.
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«4 S U M A T R A . and fo attribut
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66 S U M A T R A . tied up in a lit
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••68 S U M A T R A . thefe, the
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,7o S U M A T R A . the earth is fe
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72 S U M A T R A . The price of thi
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74 S U M A T R A . to the fhore, wh
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76 S U M A T R A . beaten; after wh
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7S S U M A T R A . nufacture it int
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To S U M A T R A. " thamus," and ca
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Si S U M A T R A , anthera. The poi
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84 S U M A T R A . enclofes fometim
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86 S U M A T R A . rumpunni, htddoo
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•88 S U M A T R A . that the coun
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9o S U M A T R A. which it is diffi
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Page 105 and 106: 92 S U M A T R A . or quicklime, is
Page 107 and 108: $4 S U M A- T R A. and black ; devo
Page 109 and 110: ,96 ' S U M A T R A . which, this i
Page 111 and 112: 98 S U M A T R A . There is a great
Page 113 and 114: ÏOO S U M A T R A . tion fo obviou
Page 115 and 116: io2 S U M A T R A . are alfo, the l
Page 117 and 118: I04 S U M A T R A . enemies, fuppor
Page 119 and 120: io6 S U M A T R A . a great part of
Page 121 and 122: •io8 S U M A T R A * - the fhort
Page 123 and 124: no S -U M A T R A. which time they
Page 125 and 126: ,i,2 S U M A T R A . The vines, as
Page 127 and 128: n 4 S U M A T R A . during the year
Page 129 and 130: ii6 S U M A T R A , vice versa. If
Page 131 and 132: n8 S U M A T R A . to fell for fome
Page 133 and 134: •X20 S U M A T R A , It is a gene
Page 135 and 136: 122 S U M A T R A . are imported to
Page 137 and 138: 24 S U M A T R A . rarely^_to the f
Page 139 and 140: •iz6 S U M A T R A . fembling a c
Page 141 and 142: 128 S U M A T R A . might be produc
Page 143 and 144: 130 S U M A T R A . Java, is there
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Page 147 and 148: i3 6 S U M A T R A . metallic ftate
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Page 151 and 152: 140 S U M A T R A . tation of innum
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Page 157 and 158: *4.6 S U M A T R A . the prang or b
Page 159 and 160: 148 S U M A T R A . Looms. Sillc an
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Page 163 and 164: i5* S U M A T R A . ing of, and to
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Page 167 and 168: eafe. Infanity. *5$ S U M A T R A.
Page 169 and 170: i58 S U M A T R A . '* I will attem
Page 171 and 172: i6o SUMATRA. are call in fets regul
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Page 179 and 180: i58 S U M A T R A . SPECIMENS of LA
Page 182 and 183: S U M A T R A, 169 Comparative fate
Page 184 and 185: S U M A T R A . 171 öf "our archit
Page 186 and 187: S U M A T R A . j 7 3 thufiafm, whi
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Page 190 and 191: S U M A T R A . 177 doofoons which
Page 192 and 193: S U M A T R A . 179 conjectured to
Page 194 and 195: S U M A T R A . ilt It is' true, th
Page 196 and 197: S U M A T R A . j83; called Hadjee,
Page 198 and 199: S U M A T R A . ,s5 to fubmit to th
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Page 203 and 204: tf^o . S U M A T R A . «' If a man
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xtjZ S U M A T R A . per day. Femal
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i94 S U M A T R A . fale, and the d
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i96 S U M A T R A."" back what he h
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i9& S U M A T R A , " The executive
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200 S U M A T R A . the queftion; n
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402 S U M A T R A . fwear himfelf:
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204 S U M A T R A . his adverfary b
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206 S U M A T R A . throughout moil
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2o8 S . U M A T R A.' only of what
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aio S U M A T R A . take the libert
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2i2 S U M A T R A . cing it in comp
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2*4 S U M A T R A . ftuck the creef
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2i6 S U M A T R A; civil condition
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ai8 S U M A- T R A. Modes- of Marri
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220 S U M A T R A . with other limi
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HÈ S U M A T R A . with a more fav
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224 S U M A T R A . if fhe brings m
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226 S U M A T R A. entirely by the
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228 S U M A T R A . obliged to give
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23o S U M A T R A . Tvomen, two men
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232 S U M A T R A . it as a point o
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*34 S U M A T R A . conformable to
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236 S U M A T R A , for by many com
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238 S U M A T R A , unable to give
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*4Q S U M A T R A . •color, and h
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Piraftical adventurers. 24r S U M A
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24+ S U M A T R A . Cuftom of chewi
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246 S U M A T R A ; order to wipe o
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248 S U M A T R A . life when Europ
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1$0 S U M A T R A . punctilio in ma
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2^2- S U M A T R A . of that religi
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254 S U M A T R A. dent to the intr
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256 S U M A T R A , power or virtue
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258 S U M A T R A . The Sumatrans a
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zoo S U M A T R A . pofe every man
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È6a S U M A T R A, "The country of
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264 S U M A T R A. himfelf and his
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a66 S U M A T R A . complimented on
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268 S U M A T R A . Malay governmen
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a7o S U M A T R A , former of whom
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*7* S U M A T R A. , ( Three circul
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a74 S U M A T R A . Probably no rec
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27* S U M A T R A . making a formal
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278 S U M A T R A . Creefe. of the
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z8o S U M A T R A , the fpot where
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iSx S U M A T R A . brated Jefuit M
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Caufes of tfie progrefs of Maliomet
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286 S U M A T R A . verned by four
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288 S U M A T R A . . harat Shah Mo
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.zoo S U M A T R A . relinquifh his
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292 S U M A T R A . The country of
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2^4 S U M A T R A . from the ufurpa
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Produaions. 296 S U M A T R A . * T
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Domeftic manners. 2g& S U M A T R A
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Puni/hments, them. Jent amongit ' 3
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3°* S U M A T R A . put over the d
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-304 . S U M A T R A . many tribes.
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W8n 3o6 S U M A T R A . The fpirit
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3oS S U M A T R A . Eftimate by Hav
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3io S U M A T R A . image into the
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3xa S U M A T R A . favorable to th
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3i4 S U M A T R A . hills. The rive
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3i6 S U M A T R A . ing that the fu
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3i8 S U M A T R A . tachment to the
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32o S U M A T R A . of the produce
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32i S U M A T R A . Hijlory of the
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324 5 U M A T R A. on the Sumatran
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2 2Ó S U M A T R A . of lignum alo
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328 S U M A T R A . . afllirances o
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33o S U M A T R A . in the port, no
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332 S U M A T R A . poffeffion of w
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334 S U M A T R A . the place, and
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336 S• U M A T R A. indebted to t
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338 S U M A T R A . was to iflue a
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4 34o S U M A T R A . their intenti
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342 S U M A T R A . took place, in
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344 S U M A T R A. the prefence of
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346 S U M A T R A . Tn the 1539 we
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34S . S U M A T R A . in which the
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1568. 3So S U M A T R .A. with dead
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35- S U M A T R A . guefe flfips, i
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354 S U M A T R A . to death, raifi
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3s S U M A T R A ; In the year 1603
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358 S U M A T K A. fruitlefs attemp
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360 S U M A T R A . nor prevent a l
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3Ó2 S U M A T R A . the Englifh an
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364 S U M A T R A . laft extremity
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366 S U M A T R A . who were both h
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368 S U M A T R A . The purport of
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37o S U M A T R A . quiefced in gen
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37z ' S U M A T R A . i695. from th
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374 S U M A T R A , kind bear to ea
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I N D E X . A. JT\BKAHAM, king of A
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I N D Hollanders, vifit India, and
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Sitihll, river, 10, 313. Slaves, 18
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