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197. Roch, J. "Les migrations economiques de saison seche en bassin
arachidier senegalais," Cahiers O.R.S.T.O.M. (Slrie Sciences
Humaines) 12(1) 1975, pp. 55-80.
51
Author discusses the seasonal migration of groundnLt
farmers during the dry season. The migrants aggravate the
struggle for employment in urban areas. The author finds
that the seasonal migrations betray the seriousness of the
social crisis in Senegal, in both the urban and rural areas.
198. Rocheteau, G. "Socift6 wolof et mobilite," Cahiers O.R.S.T.O.M.
(S6rie Sciences Humaines) 12(1) 1975, pp. 3-18.
With a view to accounting for the present causes and the
economic implications of rural migration in the groundnut zone,
this paper attempts to interpret geographic mobility through an
analysis of Wolof society. The author finds geographic mobility
to be a structural characteristic of the Wolof mode of production
and also as a way the society is attempting to solve one
of its inner contradictions, i.e., the emergence of discreencies
between the family structures of traditional authority and
hierarchical systems with regards to land tenure control.
199. Santoir, C. "L'emigration maure: une vocation commerciale affirmee,"
Cahiers O.R.S.T.O.M. (S6rie Sciences Humaines) 12(2) 1975,
pp. 137-159.
Author first presents the historical background of
Mauritanian migration to Senegal. First using their caravans
for transport during the early growth of groundnut production
in Senegal, the Mauritanians reinvested their profits in retail
trade which found a market among the farmers of the groundnut
region. At the same time they secured a position in Senegalese
livestock markets. The more recent migration to Dakar and the
Cap-Vert region is examined. The strong ties of the migrants to
their country result in the reinvestment of their profits in
Mauritania. The migrants are seen as a marginal and industrious
minority whose role in the Senegalese economy cannot be ignored
because of their monopoly in certain sectors of trade.
E. Women in Development
200. Barthel, Diane. "The rise of a female professional elite: the case of
Senegal," African Studies Review, 18(3) December 1975, pp. 1-17.
Examines the female elite of Senegal, their highly
privileged family backgrounds, their motivations for acquiring
higher education and professional training and their views on
development, the status of women, and rural life. Evaluates
their evolution as an elite and their relationship to other
women within the society.