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20 A A 1911 1911 A CCOUNT CCOUNT OF OF THE THE EARL EARLY EARL EARLY Y YEARS YEARS NAMED AMED AFTER AFTER TW TWO TW O ANGELS ANGELS THE NEW TOWN WAS NAMED AFTER THE LOS ANGELES CUSTODIOS BUT ACTUALLY IN HONOR OF DON ANGEL PANTALEON DE MIRANDA By Lupo Ramos From the Luther Parker Collections University of the Philippines (Diliman) Main Library Signature of Don Angel Pantaleon de Miranda, former gobernadorcillo of San Fernando who became the founder and first gobernadorcillo of Angeles (Philippine National Archives) In 1796, Don Angel Pantaleon de Miranda and his wife, Doña Rosalia de Jesus, both from illustrious families of San Fernando, a town of Pampanga, initiated an agreement with some partners and farmers to cultivate an expanse of wild and uncultivated land called Culiat in the same town of San Fernando. A sculpted wooden statuette of the Virgin of the Rosary, to which they prayed for protection against the ambushes of the Aetas who were settled in the surroundings, was carried along in processions; they recited the Rosary every time they went down the clearing to prepare the land for planting. Some years later (1810), the couple prospered and funded the construction of “Ing Pangatatag ning Balayan Angeles,” an account of the town’s founding, written in verse form by Nicolas Vicente Navarro, a contemporary of the founder, in 1840. This is the cover of a 1923 reprint. (Courtesy of Edgardo Sibug) a Santuario made of wood and nipa, and provided the necessary furnishings for the celebration of the Holy Mass. Consequently, Culiat obtained from church authorities the appointment of a chaplain to recompense the couple for being conscientious of the spiritual needs of the community. The services were extended to the neighboring localities around Culiat, which were still under San Fernando. There were times when religious services were already administered by their own chaplain, being an autonomous cleric but sometimes still dependent on San Fernando. Considering the significant population increase of those places, the said husbandand-wife, referred now as the Founders, obtained the favor from both civil and ecclesiastic authorities to establish a town detached from San Fernando. After eight years of relentless effort, and remaining firm against opposition from successive priests of San Fernando, the authorities finally granted on December 8, 1829 the official recognition of the new town. The
favored name of the new town was “Angeles” in honor of the “Holy Guardian Angels,” their patroness’ protectors. It is also in consideration of the Founder’s name Don Angel who put forward the new town under the love and care of Our Lady of the Holy Rosary whose feast day (La Naval) commemorates the beginning of its foundation. In the year 1833, the Founders built a new church replacing the old Santuario that was already inadequate in accommodating the inhabitants, who had multiplied progressively. In the same year, the Casa Tribunal was built, although since 1829 (foundation date) there had already been a provi- sional one, having Don Ciriaco de Miranda, the Founder’s son, the first gobernadorcillo for the whole year of 1830. (The Casa Tribunal is the present municipal building.) From then on, the town of Angeles had been governed by gobernadorcillos for an annual term each until 1868 and later changed to two-year terms until 1893. Due to reforms in the Spanish administration, the title was changed to Capitan Municipal until 1898, towards the end of the Spanish regime in the Islands. At the time of Angeles foundation, there were only six barrios: Sto. Rosario (the center), San Jose, Cutcut, Pampang, Amsic and Santol which were successively populated from 1796, when the founders settled down in Culiat. The founders donated to the Church two parts of the land, one dedicated to the parish priest’s main- The original processional image of the town’s patron saint enshrined at the Holy Angel University chapel (Courtesy of Mrs. Teresita N. Wilkerson) Descendants of Don Angel Pantaleon de Miranda (Sally Naguiat) tenance, and the other to finance the annual fiesta celebration. In 1846, Capitan General Claveria was appointed to Pampanga; he ordered that San Fernando’s seven barrios become part of Angeles. They are Pulungbulo, Mining, Tabun, Capaya, Sapa Libutad, Pulung Cacutud, and Pandan. Likewise, the three barrios of Mabalacat: Malabañas, Balibago and Pulung Maragul, and a barrio of Mexico: Cutud. That shaped the expanse of Angeles town with the boundaries of the three towns. Aside from the 17 barrios mentioned, Angeles stretched out to other areas mainly due to the population increase that extended to other five villages, which were not yet populated. They are the following: Sto. Domingo in 1830, Anunas in 1840, Sto. Cristo in 1852 and San Nicolas in 1852. Areas which started to be populated when the market was relocated to the site at that time were Tacondo that comprised the barrio of Anunas, and began to be inhabited in 1890; Sapangbato of barrio Pasbul Bulo in 1898, and Talimunduc of barrio San Nicolas in 1901. In summary, Angeles had 22 barrios at that time, and three places identified also to become barrios…. Even before being constituted as a town, a Santuario had been built in Culiat in 1810 but it was only two years later (1812) that it had its first chaplain, Padre Juan Zablan, a native of Minalin, Pampanga, and later followed by Padre De Concepcion, Pedro David, Vicente Navarro, Cristobal Concepcion, Flaviano Ladia, Agapito Medina, Claudio de Castro, Leandro Cortes, Jose de la Incarnacion and Macario Paras, who were all Pampangos. Culiat was the name of the barrio of San Fernando that became the town of Angeles. It is the name of a bush that then grew there in abundance. But the other barrios like Santol and Anunas are names taken from fruit-bearing trees; Pandan, name of a very well known plant; Tabun, which means dam or dike; Pampang, high borders of a river or tideland; Pulongmaragul, large forest; Pulung Cacutud, small forest; Pulungbulu and Pasbulbulo, places where there are an abundance of bamboos and canes; Sapalibutad, means to be in between or in an estuary or creek; Capaya, name of a plant called papaya; Balibago, shrub/tree of fibrous bark; and Sapangbatu, a brook that runs among rocks. Angeles, when constituted as a town (1829), stopped being administered by religious chaplains. The last one noted was Don Macario Paras. Parish priests succeeded them and the first Augustinian friars were as follows: Vicente Cordones, Manuel Diaz, Pedro Medina, Jose M. Torres, Tomas Oresa, Guillermo Masnou, Ramon Sarronandia, Juan Marino, Pedro Ibeas, Vicente Ruiz, Rufino Santos, and Baltazar Camarra, the last Spanish priest; and later, the Filipino seculars, Don Vicente Lapus and Don Pablo Gamboa, the current parish priest. This results in a summary of all data that I acquired at the time. And as seen, Angeles being a newly founded town, lacks legends and old manuscripts except those provided to me by Don Mariano V. Henson, one of the surviving grandsons of the founders. (Translated from the Spanish original by Anton Prima) 21
Page 2 and 3: 2 Photos top to bottom: 1. Angeles
Page 4 and 5: RECENT Abueva Monsod Albano Romero
Page 6 and 7: The Center for Kapampangan Studies
Page 8 and 9: Center, cable networks co-produce c
Page 10 and 11: The San Fernando town hall during t
Page 12 and 13: American Historical Collection Hal
Page 14 and 15: Servicio Historico Militar joins Ab
Page 16 and 17: This pre-1754 map shows no sign of
Page 18 and 19: Mariano Henson wrote that the origi
Page 22 and 23: 22 These days, the cities of San Fe
Page 24 and 25: 24 TIMELINE OF SAN FERNANDO HISTORY
Page 26 and 27: egories of personal cedulas and the
Page 28 and 29: San Fernando church in ruins after
Page 30 and 31: San Fernando Bridge, formerly Puent
Page 32 and 33: San Fernando suffered a near-fatal
Page 34 and 35: star in mainstream society and was
Page 36 and 37: contracts, not even by order of the
Page 38 and 39: 1796 Don Angel Pantaleon de Miranda
Page 40 and 41: The Pampangos transferred to its pr
Page 42 and 43: Fray Francis Musni/Convento de San
Page 44 and 45: Fort Stotsenburg, the precursor of
Page 46 and 47: Angeles Electric Corporation Doña
Page 48 and 49: Kapampangans played crucial roles i
Page 50 and 51: 50 TWO FUNERALS AND A WEDDING Funer
Page 52 and 53: which could seat more than ninety p
Page 54 and 55: The Early Principalia Since San Fer
Page 56 and 57: Hizon women in a 1976 pictorial org
Page 58: Children of Don Cristino Singian de
Page 61 and 62: Juan D. Nepomuceno with wife Teresa
Page 63 and 64: Dr. Jose Tayag and second wife Merc
Page 65 and 66: Rich landowner Sixto Timbol of Mexi
Page 67 and 68: ETYMOLOGY OF PLACENAMES IN SAN FERN
Page 69 and 70: Levi Panlilio Street in Sta. Lucia,
Page 71:
ORIGIN OF PLACENAMES IN ANGELES Sal
Page 74 and 75:
A wall of rampaging lahar in the Ab
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Pulúng Maragul is the place where
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1881-1904: HOW SAN FERNANDO BECAME
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THE MOVABLE CAPITAL OF PAMPANGA Bac
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CITY CITY OF OF ANGELS ANGELS Resid
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The white and gold interior of the
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The interior of the Los Angeles de
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The US government used the Angeles
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On April 15, 1952, Kapampangans sta
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Kapampangans crowd around the repli
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2. 2. The he Str Strang Str ang ang
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While the common folk flock to the
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98 THE THE LANTERNS LANTERNS OF OF
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The kalesa (calesa or carromata) or
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For or ort or t Stotsenb Stotsenbur
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In the years leading to 1991, Angel
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106 GALLOPING ECONOMIES San Fernand
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108
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George Tapan Chito Madroño and Rey
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(Alex Castro) (Alex Castro) Louisa
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untings to celebrate her win. Vicen
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PLA PLAYGR PLA GR GROUNDS GR OUNDS
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Complete list of Gobernadorcillos (
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Catalino Henson 1879-1880 Mariano C
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Complete list of Gobernadorcillos (
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All too often we discard them when
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126 Highway near San Fernando in th
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128 p.25 Sugar land owners’ count
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The Santos-Hizon House (Ivan Henare
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