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2002) and Islas Galápagos (Grove and Lavenberg 1997). Shallow, near reefs (Watson et al. in Moser
1996), 1–96 m (3–315 ft) (min.: González-Acosta et al. 1999; max.: Myers 1999).
Caranx vinctus Jordan & Gilbert, 1882. Cocinero, Concinero Jack, or Striped Jack. To 38 cm (15 in) TL
(Amezcua Linares 1996). San Diego Bay, southern California (Lea and Rosenblatt 2000) to Tumbes, Peru
(Chirichigno and Vélez 1998), including central and southern Gulf of California (Robertson and Allen
2002). Surface to 50 m (164 ft; De La Cruz-Agüero et al. 1997). Also recently as Carangoides vinctus.
Chloroscombrus orqueta Jordan & Gilbert, 1883. Pacific Bumper. To 31 cm (12.2 in) SL (Amezcua Linares
1996). San Pedro, southern California (Miller and Lea 1972) to Chilca, Peru (Beltrán-León and Rios
Herrera 2000), including Gulf of California (Smith-Vaniz in Fischer et al. 1995) and Isla Malpelo
(Robertson and Allen 2002). Shallow coastal waters and estuaries (Watson et al. in Moser 1996) to 53 m
(174 ft; Zeballos 1998).
*Decapterus macarellus (Cuvier, 1833). Mackerel Scad. To 44 cm (17.3 in) TL (Robertson and Allen 2002).
Circumtropical; tip of Baja California, mouth of Gulf of California, Costa Rica to Panama, and offshore
islands (Robertson and Allen 2002). Surface to 200 m (656 ft; Smith-Vaniz in Fischer et al. 1995).
Decapterus macrosoma Bleeker, 1851. Shortfin Scad. To 35 cm (13.8 in) TL (Robertson and Allen 2002).
Pacific and Indian oceans; in western Pacific as far north as southern Japan (Senou in Nakabo 2002) and
Cheju Island, South Korea (Kim et al. 1999); Bahia Magdalena, southern Baja California (De La Cruz-
Agüero et al. 1994) to Chile (Pequeño 1989), including Gulf of California (Smith-Vaniz in Fischer et
al. 1995) and Islas Galápagos (Grove and Lavenberg 1997). At 12–170 m (99–558 ft) or more, reported
to much deeper (min.: Godinez-Dominguez et al. 2000; max.: Smith-Vaniz in Carpenter and Niem
1999).
Decapterus muroadsi (Temminck & Schlegel, 1844). Amberstripe Scad or Mexican Scad. To about 55 cm
(21.7 in) TL (Robertson and Allen 2002). Warm waters of Pacific; Japan to East China Sea (Gushiken in
Masuda et al. 1984); Pacific Grove, central California (Miller and Lea 1972) to Peru (Watson et al. in Moser
1996), Easter Island (Pequeño 1989), and Islas Galápagos (Grove and Lavenberg 1997); apparently not in
Gulf of California (Robertson and Allen 2002). Surface to 30 m (98 ft; Robertson and Allen 2002). Includes
Decapterus hypodus Gill, 1862, and Decapterus scombrinus (Valenciennes, 1846) as junior synonyms.
*Elagatis bipinnulata (Quoy & Gaimard, 1825). Rainbow Runner. To 180 cm (70.9 in) TL (Robertson
and Allen 2002). Circumtropical; in western Pacific as far north as Japan (Senou in Nakabo 2002) and
southern Kuril Islands (Savinykh 1998); southern tip of Baja California (Smith-Vaniz in Fischer et al.
1995) to at least as far south as Isla Gorgona, Colombia (Franke and Acero 1993) and probably to
northern Peru (Chirichigno and Vélez 1998), including mouth of Gulf of California (Robertson and
Allen 2002) and Islas Galápagos (Grove and Lavenberg 1997). Epipelagic (Watson et al. in Moser 1996),
surface to at least 150 m (492 ft; Randall 1995).
Gnathanodon speciosus (Forsskål, 1775). Golden Trevally or Yellow Jack. To 120 cm (47.2 in) TL (Randall
1996). Atlantic via Panama Canal (Robertson and Allen 2002); Pacific and Indian oceans; in western
Pacific as far north as Japan (Senou in Nakabo 2002) and southern Kuril Islands (Savinykh 1998); Bahia
Magdalena, southern Baja California (De La Cruz-Agüero et al. 1994) to central Gulf of California
(Robertson and Allen 2002) to Colombia (Allen and Robertson 1994). Adults in deep lagoons and
seaward reefs, juveniles among jellyfish tentacles (Watson et al. in Moser 1996); surface to 40 m (131 ft;
Robertson and Allen 2002). Recently as Caranx speciosus.
Hemicaranx leucurus (Günther, 1864). Yellowfin Jack. To 30 cm (11.8 in) TL (Smith-Vaniz in Fischer et al.
1995). Bahia Almejas, southern Baja California (SIO 62–150) to Talara, Peru (Chirichigno and Vélez
1998), including lower Gulf of California (Robertson and Allen 2002). Inshore (Allen and Robertson
1994); at depths of 0 to perhaps 30 m (98 ft; Robertson and Allen 2002).
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