NON-CHEMICAL APPROACHES FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF ...

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Torto.B., Addae, M. and Moreka, K.,1992, Antifeedant activity of Piper guinense Scham and Thann. against larvae of the sorghum stem borer, Chilo partellus (Swinhoe). Insect. Sci. Appl. 13:705-708 Vendan, S.E., Paulraj, M.G. and Ignacimuthu, S., 2009, Synergistic efficacy of phytoextractonts on Spodoptera litura Fab. (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae). Paper presented In: Nat. Conf. Biotech. Appr. Ecofriendly Insect Pest Mgmnt, p.39. War, A.R., Ignacimuthu, S. and Paulraj, MG.., 2009, Comparative efficacy of poneem, a new botanical oil formulation with neem based commercial pesticides against Spodoptera litura (Fab.) (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae). Paper presented In: Nat. Conf. Biotech. Appr. Ecofriendly Insect Pest Mgmnt, p.42. www.fao.org Yadav, D.N. and Patel, A.R., 1990, Effect of some botanical insecticides on oviposition of Chrysoperla scelertes and their oricidal action. In : Bot. Pest. IPM, 1963 (Eds.), Chali, M.S. and Ramaprasad, G., Indian Soc. Tobacco Sci., Rajmandri, pp.166-169. Zongo, J.O., Vincent, C. and Stewart, R.K., 1991, Monitoring of adult sorghum shoot fly, Altherigona soccata Rondani (Diptera : Muscidae) and related species in Burkina – Faso. Trop. Pest Mgmnt., 37: 231-235.
NON-CHEMICAL APPROACHES FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF SHOOT FLY Atherigona soccata RONDANI IN KHARIF SORGHUM ANITA V. SABLE 2009 Dr. SHEKHARAPPA MAJOR ADVISOR ABSTRACT Investigations on non-chemical approaches for the management of shoot fly Atherigona soccata Rondani in sorghum was carried out under field conditions during kharif 2008 at MARS, Dharwad. Sorghum seed treatment with NSKE (5%), Azagro (5%), neem oil (2%) and plant mixture (5%) recorded least mean number of shoot fly eggs (0.68, 0.68, 0.65 and 0.70 egg/plant, respectively) in normal sown condition. The same four botanicals recorded least damage due to shoot fly (31.00%, 33.00%, 32.33% and 36.00% deadhearts respectively) at 28 DAE. Higher sorghum grain yield was also recorded by these botanicals (14.72, 14.14, 15.21 and 14.57 q/ha). Neem oil recorded the highest net returns of Rs.21743/ha. However, endosulfan and imidacloprid seed treatment remained superior over organics by recording 0.48 eggs/plant each, least deadhearts (17.66 and 18.33% respectively) and highest yield (17.12 and 17.32 respectively). The same trend was observed in late sown sorghum. As foliar spray application, Azagro (5%) and NSKE (5%) @ 3, 6, 9 DAE, 6, 9, 12 DAE and 3, 6, 9, 12 DAE and plant mixture (5%) @ 3, 6, 9, 12 DAE recorded least oviposition due to shoot fly at 21 DAE (0.33-1.00 eggs/plant) and least damage due to shoot fly at 28 DAE (10.33-14.33% deadhearts) under timely sown condition. These treatments recorded higher grain yields (17.30-18.89 q/ha). Performance of botanicals was found almost same in late sown condition also. But organics proved lesser effective than Endosulfan 35 EC (0.07%) at all spraying intervals. However, spraying NSKE @ 3, 6, 9, 12 DAE resulted in highest net returns of Rs.27615/ha. All the organics used in the investigations were found safe for lady bird beetles and chrysoperla in sorghum ecosystem both as seed treatment and spray application. Fish meal trap was more effective than chicken and dead frog trap in attracting shoot flies. As a management strategy, 10 fishmeal traps per acre was the effective treatment recording significantly less eggs (1 egg/plant), least deadhearts (44.00%) and highest yield (10.09 q/ha).
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NON-CHEMICAL APPROACHES FOR THE MAN
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CONTENTS Sl. No. Chapter particular
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23 24 25 26 27 Figure No. Effect of
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1. INTRODUCTION Sorghum (Sorghum bi
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Kumar and Sangappa (1984) compared
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Anon. (2002) reported that neem lea
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fraction (0.25%) and NSKE (1500 ppm
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NSKE 5 per cent conserved significa
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3. MATERIAL AND METHODS 3.1 Managem
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Shoot fly egg Shoot fly maggot Shoo
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13. 9, 12 DAE 14. Untreated check S
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Plate.3. Fish meal trap
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Table 1. Effect of seed treatment w
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Table 2. Effect of seed treatment w
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NSKE (5%) was the best (31% deadhea
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extract (12.98 q/ha) and they were
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Table 6. Effect of seed treatments
Page 35 and 36: Table 8. Effect of seed treatments
Page 37 and 38: On 21 DAE chrysoperla population in
Page 39 and 40: Table 11. Effect of spraying botani
Page 43 and 44: deadhearts). This was followed by A
Page 45 and 46: Table 15. Evaluation of spraying bo
Page 51 and 52: Treatments Table 20. Yield of timel
Page 53 and 54: 4.2.4 Natural enemies 4.2.4.1 Cocci
Page 59 and 60: 4.3.2 Oviposition Effect of differe
Page 61 and 62: 5. DISCUSSION Investigations on the
Page 63 and 64: Mean number of eggs/plant 2 1.8 1.6
Page 65 and 66: Percent deadheart 90 80 70 60 50 40
Page 67 and 68: Interaction effect of treatments an
Page 69 and 70: Number of eggs/plant 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.
Page 71 and 72: Percent deadheart 90 80 70 60 50 40
Page 73 and 74: Yield (q/ha) 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6
Page 75 and 76: 5.2.4.2 Chrysoperla Study on effect
Page 77 and 78: 6. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION Investiga
Page 79 and 80: • Spraying Azagro (5%) and NSKE (
Page 81 and 82: Deepthi Jose, 2007, Studies on the
Page 83 and 84: Mendes, J. and Linhares, A.X., 1993
Page 85: Sharma, H.C., 1985, Strategies for
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