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ACS Internal Database About the ACS Internal Database User Import and Creation 12-2 User Guide for Cisco Secure Access Control Server 4.2 Chapter 12 User Databases For users who are authenticated by using the ACS internal database, ACS stores user passwords in a database which is protected by an administration password and encrypted by using the AES 128 algorithm. For users who are authenticated with external user databases, ACS does not store passwords in the ACS internal database. Unless you have configured ACS to authenticate users with an external user database, ACS uses usernames and passwords in the ACS internal database during authentication. For more information about specifying an external user database for authentication of a user, see Adding a Basic User Account, page 6-3. The following facilities can import or create user accounts: RDBMS Synchronization—You can use RDBMS Synchronization to create large numbers of user accounts and configure many settings for user accounts. RDBMS also supports import of user accounts from external sources. We recommend that you use this feature whenever you need to import users by bulk; however, setting up RDBMS Synchronization for the first time requires several important decisions and time to implement them. For more information, see RDBMS Synchronization, page 8-17. CSUtil.exe (ACS for Windows)—The CSUtil.exe command-line utility provides a simple means of creating basic user accounts. CSUtil.exe also supports import of user accounts from external sources. When compared to RDBMS Synchronization, its functionality is limited; however, it is simple to prepare for importing basic user accounts and assigning users to groups. For more information, see Appendix C, “CSUtil Database Utility.” The following facilities can create user accounts: ACS web interface—The web interface provides the ability to create user accounts manually, one user at a time. Regardless of how a user account was created, you can edit a user account by using the web interface. For detailed steps, see Adding a Basic User Account, page 6-3. Unknown User Policy—The Unknown User Policy enables ACS to add users automatically when it finds a user without an account in an external user database. The creation of a user account in ACS occurs only when the user attempts to access the network and is successfully authenticated by an external user database. For more information, see Chapter 15, “Unknown User Policy.” If you use the Unknown User Policy, you can also configure group mappings so that each time a user who was added to ACS by the Unknown User Policy is authenticated, the user group assignment is made dynamically. For some external user database types, user group assignment is based on group membership in the external user database. For other database types, all users who were authenticated by a given database are assigned to a single ACS user group. For more information about group mapping, see Chapter 16, “User Group Mapping and Specification.” Database Replication—Database Replication creates user accounts on a secondary ACS by overwriting all existing user accounts on a secondary ACS with the user accounts from the primary ACS. Any user accounts that are unique to a secondary ACS are lost in the replication. For more information, see ACS Internal Database Replication, page 8-1. OL-14386-02
Chapter 12 User Databases About External User Databases OL-14386-02 About External User Databases You can configure ACS to forward authentication of users to one or more external user databases. Support for external user databases means that ACS does not require that you create duplicate user entries in the user database. In organizations in which a substantial user database already exists, ACS can leverage the work already invested in building the database without any additional input. In addition to performing authentication for network access, ACS can perform authentication for TACACS+ enabling privileges by using external user databases. For more information about TACACS+ enable passwords, see Setting TACACS+ Enable Password Options for a User, page 6-23. Note You can only use external user databases to authenticate users and to determine the group to which ACS assigns a user. The ACS internal database provides all authorization services. With few exceptions, ACS cannot retrieve authorization data from external user databases. Exceptions are noted where applicable in the discussions of specific databases in this chapter. For more information about group mapping for unknown users, see Chapter 16, “User Group Mapping and Specification.” Users can be authenticated when using the following databases: Windows User Database Generic LDAP Open Database Connectivity (ODBC)-compliant relational databases (ACS for Windows) LEAP Proxy Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service (RADIUS) servers RADIUS Token server RSA SecurID Token Server RSA Authentication with LDAP Group Mapping For ACS to interact with an external user database, ACS requires an API for the third-party authentication source. Then ACS communicates with the external user database by using the API. ACS for Windows For RSA token servers, you can install the software components that RSA provides or you can use the RADIUS interface. For token servers by other vendors, the standard RADIUS interface serves as the third-party API. For Open Database Connectivity (ODBC) authentication sources, in addition to the Windows ODBC interface, you must install the third-party ODBC driver on the ACS Windows server. ACS SE For RSA token servers, you must use the RADIUS interface. For Windows user databases, you must install and configure the ACS Remote Agent for Windows. The Remote Agent interacts with the Windows operating system to provide authentication. See the Installation and Configuration Guide for Cisco Secure ACS Remote Agents Release 4.2. User Guide for Cisco Secure Access Control Server 4.2 12-3
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