identification, assessment and prioritisation of eu ... - Ariacube

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Air emissions seem to be dominated by pesticide use and metal industry (predominantly nonferrous
metal production); other sources are chemical industry and residential combustion.
Releases to water are due to chemical production but are low in comparison.
Releases of PAHs are in another dimension than releases of other POP. Based on available
data overall roughly 3000 tons of UNECE PAHs (Sum 4) are emitted unintentionally per year
with about 2000 tons being emitted to air and roughly 900 tons being discharged to water.
Air emissions seem to be dominated by residential combustion, road transport and wood
preservation, however all other sources also contribute with almost one third of the total.
Except of refinery and anode production industrial sectors are no major sources for PAH
releases. Releases to water are related to marine activities mainly.
Detailed results on the source inventory are provided in chapter 5. Information on major data
sources is given in chapter 4.
Inventory of measures related to POPs
The inventory of measures has been based on Member State answers to a questionnaire,
evaluation of available NIPs and draft NIPs, literature search and an investigation of
European legislation.
To differentiate and evaluate the results the investigation has been performed in the 9
categories: existing legislation, review of legislation, planned new legislation, implementation
and enforcement of existing legislation (administrative, technical), new approaches (economic
incentives, eco-labelling, taxes, subsidies, etc), funding, communication/education,
monitoring/inventory and research.
Based on the investigated sources it can be stated that with respect to legislation a range of
efficient instruments is in place for all releases pathways targeting on general release
reduction or specific reduction of POP releases.
The major instruments for release control from industrial sources and for reporting on POP
releases are the IPPC Directive, the EPER Decision and the E-PRTR regulation.
Other legal instruments are the LCP directive 2001/80/EC, the Waste Incineration Directive
2000/76/EC, the ambient air Directive 96/62/EC and its 4 th daughter directive (2004/107/EC),
the Emission Ceiling Directive (2001/81/EC) and the Energy Efficiency Directive 2002/91/EC
addressing releases to air. Directive 76/464/EEC and the Water Framework Directive
2000/60/EC are the major instruments for monitoring and release control to the aquatic
environment. The PCB Directive 96/59/EC, Directive 76/769/EEC and Directive 98/70/EC
have addressed the issue from the input side by restricting (banning) production and use of
POPs or substances releasing POP during their lifetime or during disposal/recovery
operations. With respect to releases from waste Directive 75/442/EEC and the Landfill
directive (1999/31/EC) with all related legislation as well as the EU POP regulation constitute
an effective legal framework.
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