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BiPRO<br />

In a second step measures from these categories have been evaluated concerning pros <strong>and</strong><br />

cons <strong>of</strong> action at European level versus action at Member State level. For this evaluation the<br />

subsidiarity principle has been taken into account.<br />

In a third step a ranking within the above mentioned categories has been performed for<br />

measures assessed to be advantageously addressed at Community level as a function <strong>of</strong><br />

“need for action”.. In order to be able to further sort the proposed measures within the<br />

categories a weighing <strong>of</strong> further parameters has been included in the ranking according to the<br />

following principles:<br />

• Overall measures <strong>and</strong> general measures are attributed higher priority than specific<br />

measures for single sources<br />

• The specific measures for single sources are rated depending on the “Need for action”<br />

ranking as performed in chapter 8<br />

• Measures assessed as favourable at Community level alone are attributed higher<br />

priority than measures assessed preferably followed by a combined approach between<br />

Member States <strong>and</strong> European Commission<br />

• Measures for release reduction are attributed higher priority than measures for<br />

information or knowledge gain. Within this category measures with combined effect<br />

(knowledge/information gain <strong>and</strong> side-effect on releases) are ranked higher than pure<br />

measures for information gain or improved knowledge<br />

• Within single source categories ranking has been performed from high need for action<br />

to low need for action. Within these categories measures addressing all POP have<br />

been weighted higher than those addressing only single POPs.<br />

• Within category 5 measures with high effectiveness but low feasibility have been<br />

attributed higher priority than measures with high feasibility but low effectiveness<br />

In a final categorisation measures for release reduction <strong>and</strong> measures for improved<br />

knowledge, information or communication have been sorted separately.<br />

This step is important as the two types <strong>of</strong> measure use completely different approaches <strong>and</strong> a<br />

direct comparison would act as strong confounding factor (measures for information gain may<br />

have high effectiveness <strong>and</strong> feasibility with respect to information gain, but this does not mean<br />

that they are necessarily better for the overall purpose <strong>of</strong> release reduction than a reduction<br />

measure with medium effectiveness or feasibility in relation to release reduction).<br />

The ranking has been performed in the categories:<br />

• Measures for release reduction<br />

• Measures for information/knowledge gain <strong>and</strong> release reduction<br />

• Measures for information/knowledge gain.<br />

Within each class <strong>of</strong> measures the ranking parameter mentioned above have been used.<br />

page 42

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