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Detailed Ecological Assessment Report 2008 – Keenjhar Lake Common species were more dominant. Figure’s 28 and 29 show the results over site and season. Figure 28 – Percentage of species recorded across sites against status categories % of species recorded % of species recorded 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 22 30 25 19 Keti Bunder Keenjhar Lake 21 23 23 21 WWF Pakistan – Indus for All Programme Page 106 of 165 10 Chotiari Pai Forest Keti Shah Site Figure 29 – Percentage of species recorded across season against status categories 56 54 52 50 48 46 44 42 53.8 46 46 53 Summer Winter Season 3 Common Less concern Common Least concern
Detailed Ecological Assessment Report 2008 – Keenjhar Lake 4.3 Reptiles and amphibians 4.3.1 Summary During summer and pre-winter surveys, 3251 amphibians and reptiles were either observed or collected. A total of 65 species are distributed among the entire IFAP sites of which 47 herpetiles were either observed or collected. The remaining 18 (represented by blue rows) species reported by the earlier workers or the local inhabitants could not be confirmed during the surveys. It does not imply that these species are not present in the study sites. There is likelihood that these species might be observed during future ecological assessment of herpetiles. Out of all the programme sites, Chotiari reservoir is the most productive herpetofauna associated habitat with the highest richness (31) and Margalef diversity index of 4.1277, Keti Bunder representing the second highest richness (27) and diversity with Margalef index of 3.823, Keenjhar Lake being at third place with richness (23) and Margalef diversity index of 3.506. The Pai forest and Keti Shah are least diverse of all the five programme sites with Margalef diversity indices of 3.237 and 2.845 respectively. The herpetofauna of Keti Shah is less diverse as compared to other sites due to the consistent seasonal inundation, which renders very little favorable conditions for the support of herpeto-fauna. The Pai forest, on the other hand, is so severely depleted in terms of human disturbances and wood-cutting that the herpetiles are unable to support their lives in an imbalanced ecosystem. Some systematic records of amphibians and reptiles have been reported from the Indus for All Programme sites by Minton (1966), Mertens (1969) and Muhammad Shareef Khan (2003, 2005). Comprehensive biological assessment with reference to amphibians and reptiles has however never been conducted. The preliminary baseline studies made by Hafeez-ur-Rehman (2007) report 23 species of amphibians and reptiles from Keti Bunder, 31 from Keenjhar Lake, 35 from Chotiari Reservoir and 23 species from Pai Forest. These were reported, based on collection, observation or as a result of interviews with local people or reported by the earlier authors. The detailed assessment studies conducted in June 2007 enlist and document 27 species of amphibians and reptiles from Keti Bunder, 23 species from Keenjhar Lake, 31 species from Chotiari Reservoir, 18 species from Pai forest and 16 species from Keti Shah. The number of species collected and observed during the fieldwork carried out in June and November, 2007 in programme sites, is lower than the total number expected in the area but was not unexpected for the following reasons: Being excellent biological indicators, the amphibians and reptiles respond quickly to weather or climate changes and take refuge into burrows in case of danger and unfavorable conditions. The amphibians and reptiles are mostly nocturnal species and require night surveys. Some of the sites were difficult to approach at night and the nocturnal survey was only possible in limited areas. Amphibian and reptilian activity is also restricted to a specific time of the day and specific season of the year. If the presence of the team in the area did not correspond with the appropriate activity time and specific habitat of the species the possibility of sighting the species became minimal despite the other environmental conditions being suitable, and the species being present. There is always a need of consistent monitoring of amphibian and reptilian species during their activity period, over the months for several years, to comprehensively record the potential herpeto-fauna. This was indeed the limiting factor in such short duration surveys. All these factors indicate the practical difficulties in the documentation of these species. There is a great need to carry out more work in order to add to the WWF Pakistan – Indus for All Programme Page 107 of 165
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