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shot noise in mesoscopic conductors - Low Temperature Laboratory

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74 Ya.M. Blanter, M. Bu( ttiker / Physics Reports 336 (2000) 1}166<br />

equilibrium value, Eq. (128), determ<strong>in</strong>ed by the zero-po<strong>in</strong>t quantum #uctuations, <strong>in</strong>dependent of<br />

the voltage. F<strong>in</strong>ite temperature smears the s<strong>in</strong>gularities s<strong>in</strong>ce now the Fermi functions are<br />

cont<strong>in</strong>uous. The <strong>noise</strong> spectrum is shown <strong>in</strong> Fig. 22. It can also be represented di!erently, if we<br />

de"ne excess <strong>noise</strong> (for k ¹"0) as the di!erence between the full <strong>noise</strong> power, Eq. (129), and<br />

<br />

equilibrium <strong>noise</strong>, S ()"S()!e ¹ /. The excess <strong>noise</strong> is given by<br />

<br />

S ()"<br />

e<br />

¹ (1!¹ )(e

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