Characterization of the U.S. Industrial Commercial Boiler Population

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Boiler Units 25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 - Figure A-7 Summary of Industrial Boilers in ICF's ICI Database 4,837 259,955 2,575 390,281 A-10 Energy and Environmental Analysis, Inc. 5,954 625,893 1,818 349,391 Boiler Units Boiler Capacity 2,606 266,255 22,286 936,531 Food Paper Chemicals Refining Primary Metals Other Manufacturing 1,000,000 800,000 600,000 400,000 200,000 The ICI database includes 10,769 commercial boilers, summarized in Figure A-8. Almost 95 percent of the commercial boilers in the ICI database are in the 1 to 50 MMBtu/hr size range, although units larger than 50 MMBtu/hr account for 38 percent of the capacity in the database. Oil and gas-fired boilers represent more than 90 percent of the units and capacity. Almost half of the commercial ICI boilers and boiler capacity are located at educational facilities with health care facilities representing the next largest concentration in the inventory. Created to support air pollution rulemaking, the ICI database captures a sample of the boilers at commercial facilities with better coverage of larger boilers than smaller units. However, because it includes less than 11,000 commercial boilers, it includes only a small fraction of the estimated 460,000 commercial facilities that have boilers. - Boiler Capacity (MMBtu/hr)
Boiler Units 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 - Figure A-8 Summary of Commercial Boilers in ICF's ICI Database 538 5,267 75,475 260 10,124 222 4,298 219 1,373 3,156 Office Warehouse Retail Education Public Assembly A.7 EPA’s Boiler MACT Database 489 Energy and Environmental Analysis, Inc. A-11 4,756 Boiler Units Boiler Capacity 3,354 60,688 420 Lodging Health Other 3,047 120,000 100,000 In February 2004 EPA published the Maximum Achievable Control Technology (MACT) floor development documents for industrial, commercial, and institutional boilers and process heaters. The MACT floor refers to the emission control requirement that all affected sources must meet to control the emission of hazardous air pollutants (HAPs). The documents confirm that the MACT rule proposed in November 2002 likely will become the final rule. EPA estimates that the rule will affect 42,000 boilers, including solid-fuel boilers larger than 10 MMBtu/hr and those located at major sources (i.e., facilities emitting 10 tons per year of any one HAP or 25 tons per year of any combination of HAPs). The MACT floor development documents identify the ICCR database as an important reference but EPA reports that the data were adjusted to determine the number of affected units. Unfortunately, EPA did not produce a final, corrected database of affected boilers. It is difficult to confirm EPA’s estimates of affected boilers without complete HAP emissions data, but EPA’s estimate of the number of affected solid-fuel boilers is consistent with the values in the final boiler inventory. 80,000 60,000 40,000 20,000 - Boiler Capacity (MMBtu/hr)
Page 1:
Characterization of the U.S. Indust
Page 5 and 6: Table Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ..
Page 7: List of Figures Figure 1-1 Boiler A
Page 11 and 12: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The U.S. industri
Page 13 and 14: Natural gas is the most common fuel
Page 15: and other fuels (2 percent). The av
Page 18 and 19: 1.2 Boiler Basics Boilers use a hea
Page 20 and 21: Firetube units are typically the sm
Page 22 and 23: Stoker boilers are described by the
Page 24 and 25: Figure 1-7 Cut-Away View of a Fluid
Page 26 and 27: Table 1-1 CHP Thermal Output/Input
Page 28 and 29: Table 2-2 Industrial Boiler Invento
Page 30 and 31: Consumption Survey (MECS) identifie
Page 32 and 33: Coal, oil and wood are important fu
Page 34 and 35: industry utilizing large black liqu
Page 36 and 37: MMBtu/hr total capacity) and 387,00
Page 38 and 39: Oil is the designated primary fuel
Page 41 and 42: 4 HISTORIC TRENDS 4.1 Boiler Sales
Page 43 and 44: Boiler Capacity (MMBtu/hr) 1,200,00
Page 45 and 46: APPENDIX A ADDITIONAL BACKGROUND ON
Page 47 and 48: the capacity is not assigned. Of th
Page 49 and 50: Table A-4 MECS Fuel Consumption in
Page 51 and 52: Boiler Units 10,000 8,000 6,000 4,0
Page 53: Boiler Units 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,00
Page 57: Total Square Feet (1,000,000 sq ft)
Page 60 and 61: Incremental Boiler Fuel (TBtu/year)
Page 62 and 63: does not fit the typical definition
Page 64 and 65: MMBtu Million British Thermal Units
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Characterization of the U.S. Industrial Commercial Boiler Population

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