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Column 2: income share poorest 40% (see above) Column 3: human development index, UNDP, 1995 (see above) The European Union at 50 Column 4: real income of the poorest 40% (column 1 * (column 2/40)) Column 5: trend value for column 4 on the basis of a non-linear regression, explaining the real incomes of the poorest 40% by the human development index There is a clear trade-off between the size of the UNDP Human Development Index and the absolute income of the poorest sections in society: Graph 7.2: human development and human poverty Our calculations were based on 65 countries of the world with complete data about real purchasing power, the income share of the poorest 40% and the human development index. The rectangular dots correspond to the estimated Entelequia. Revista Interdisciplinar · CAEI Arno Tausch / 115
The European Union at 50 real income of the poor in international standards (income in PPP * (income shares of the poorest 40%/40)), the trend line is the non-linear trend estimate, according to VARIATION in the EXCEL program, using as variables the human development index ^10 and the human development index ^0,10. The trend line corresponds to an equation that explains 89 % of total variance. The lower graph shows the results for countries, which are the transformation countries or which are on a similar or higher level of achieved human development. The values of the UNDP Human Development Index in the region are, by international comparison: NL 0.936 (world rank 4.) SF 0.934 F 0.930 Spain 0.930 SWE 0.929 B 0.926 AUT 0.925 GER (incl. new B.) 0.921 DK 0.920 UK 0.916 IRE 0.915 ITA 0.912 GRE 0.907 LUX 0.893 PORT 0.874 (world rank 36.) CZECH 0.872 (world rank 38.) ESTON 0.862 LATV 0.857 HUNG 0.856 POL 0.855 BUL 0.796 LITHU 0.769 ALB 0.739 ROM 0.703 (world rank 98.) Although few would challenge the diagnosis, there is of course a wide and ample debate about how to cure the ills of the region. In terms of hard cross-national evidence, the World Bank (WDR, 1996) has proposed economic liberalization, foreign direct investment inflows, savings mobilization, wage flexibility, government credibility and privatization as the main pillars of its strategy. But the debate about Eastern European reconstruction seems to be dominated by several fallacies. The first fallacy would concern the famous hypothesis about the 'market economy without adjective nouns' as an engine of a successful transformation process. Following the logic, already proposed by Adamczyk, 1992; Angresano, 1994 and Jenkins, 1987, a de-facto policy of mass demand maintenance might be better adapted to survive the transformation shocks and might - in the end - even prove more profitable for large-scale TNC investment than the real 'shock therapy strategies'. The Czech Republic, whose prime minister - as a brilliant academic - is the most outspoken champion of the idea about 'markets without adjective nouns', is not only one of the most successful Entelequia. Revista Interdisciplinar · CAEI Arno Tausch / 116
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Arno Tausch The European Union at 5
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Arno Tausch The European Union at 5
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The European Union at 50 Title pict
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Abstract The European Union at 50 O
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The European Union at 50 'For upwar
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List of abbreviations (functional t
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1) Introduction The European Union
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The European Union at 50 b) do thes
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The European Union at 50 nothing bu
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The European Union at 50 scientists
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Camorra Ndrangheta Sacra Corona Uni
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Nigeria 5 6,975 Bangladesh 199 10,9
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Greece: civil rights 3 Great Britai
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The European Union at 50 But the 27
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The European Union at 50 2) The the
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The European Union at 50 Source: ou
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The European Union at 50 the develo
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The European Union at 50 In interna
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The European Union at 50 the USA ar
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The European Union at 50 3) The int
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1960-75 r = - .07 1974-77 r = - .72
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The European Union at 50 From Golds
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Graph 3.3: Kuznets-cycles in the wo
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The European Union at 50 Entelequia
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The European Union at 50 It should
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The European Union at 50 oil equiva
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The European Union at 50 Gender emp
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The European Union at 50 4) Problem
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Belgium 33% - 4.2% Austria 33% - 0.
Page 67 and 68: Africa 5.8% 14.6% Latin America 6.5
Page 69 and 70: The European Union at 50 trade-offs
Page 71 and 72: 45,758 111 1,6927 0,3733 Gender Emp
Page 73 and 74: The European Union at 50 Note: as i
Page 75 and 76: MNCP85 Govex Trade Dep social sec U
Page 77 and 78: 66,116 116 9953,2 2910,5 1,0862 0,5
Page 79 and 80: t-Test 2,53674 -1,54547 -2,09879 2,
Page 81 and 82: The European Union at 50 Our analys
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Page 85 and 86: The European Union at 50 100 ppm CO
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Page 89 and 90: The European Union at 50 Faced by t
Page 91 and 92: CND 0.685 USA 0.645 Japan 0.445 NL
Page 93 and 94: The European Union at 50 Nationalis
Page 95 and 96: The European Union at 50 stability.
Page 97 and 98: pol rights MNC Trade Govex PEN73 De
Page 99 and 100: 18940 41610 t-Test -3,043 - 1,303 -
Page 101 and 102: The European Union at 50 according
Page 103 and 104: The European Union at 50 pushed upw
Page 105 and 106: The European Union at 50 To make pe
Page 107 and 108: The European Union at 50 the 1920s,
Page 109 and 110: The European Union at 50 This yield
Page 113 and 114: The European Union at 50 statistica
Page 115 and 116: The European Union at 50 present tr
Page 117: DK 19080 17,4 0,92 8299,8 7011,5304
Page 121 and 122: The European Union at 50 that the l
Page 123 and 124: The European Union at 50 'One might
Page 125 and 126: A Polish case study The European Un
Page 127 and 128: Graph 7.4: unemployment in Poland -
Page 129 and 130: The European Union at 50 the variab
Page 131 and 132: The European Union at 50 KPN, and S
Page 133 and 134: patriarchical structures real GDP h
Page 135 and 136: The European Union at 50 Eastern se
Page 137 and 138: social process cycle 1835/42-83 bas
Page 139 and 140: Table 9.7: hegemonic cycles in the
Page 141 and 142: Reform Repression 1985 'Gorbi' 192
Page 143 and 144: LAT 54 60 2 72 7,60589 57,849563 0,
Page 145 and 146: Hungary 36.6% 15% - - Slovenia 37.9
Page 147 and 148: The European Union at 50 Czech R 0,
Page 149 and 150: 0,025122747 0,324494352 0,002916141
Page 151 and 152: The European Union at 50 Legend: UN
Page 153 and 154: 9 8,4 56 6 GEO 4,4 0,3 14 5,9 KAZ 5
Page 155 and 156: Slovak R 5,8 37 3 4 Latvia 14,8 -4,
Page 159 and 160: The European Union at 50 independen
Page 161 and 162: The European Union at 50 Graph 8.4:
Page 163 and 164: terms of trade 90 98 99 100 current
Page 165 and 166: The European Union at 50 The empiri
Page 167 and 168: NAFTA (USA, Canada, Mexico) The Eur
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The European Union at 50 exports an
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human development index (UNDP) infl
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The European Union at 50 Human deve
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The European Union at 50 the Europe
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The European Union at 50 European s
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Eastern Europe and Central Asia +18
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The European Union at 50 Table 10.4
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The European Union at 50 the increa
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The European Union at 50 Map 10.1 (
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The European Union at 50 reconcile
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The European Union at 50 Table 10.3
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Gini 30 - 39.9 Philippines, Zambia,
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Map 10.5: female survival probabili
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Map 10.6: male survival probability
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The European Union at 50 Mediterran
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Map 10.7. (continued): quintile rat
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The European Union at 50 Eurostat d
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The European Union at 50 Map 10.8:
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Table 10.8: poverty in Europe (EU-1
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The European Union at 50 These diff
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Map 10.14:Unemployment rates The Eu
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Samples and data List of variables
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The European Union at 50 greenhouse
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Data about the position of societie
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The European Union at 50 Norw 1,615
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The European Union at 50 20 7,03262
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The European Union at 50 Mald 15,6
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The European Union at 50 Braz 6,3 0
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Hong 41,6 18 Urug 23,7 24,8 Trinid
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UK 44,2 35,6 Ger 16,5 30,4 DK 24,9
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Burun 1,3 0 CAfricR -1,5 0,13 Mozam
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Colombia 49,5 1,5 21,9 6,4 1945 Tha
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ITA 0 0,4 7,5 53 GRE 0 0,7 7 43 ISR
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Chad 0 2,1 0,3 32 Burundi 0 2,2 0,4
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Indonesia 44 55 14 19 2,89 Guyana 4
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0,645 10,3 5 5 GEO 0,633 1,3 2 4 AL
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GDP (UNDP, 1996) Canada 1,9 1,7 0 U
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Ghana 6 0,9 0 Lesotho 5,2 3,2 0 Equ
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The European Union at 50 Bergesen A
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The European Union at 50 Elsenhans
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The European Union at 50 Kay C. (19
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The European Union at 50 Pollack M.
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The European Union at 50 Tausch A.
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The European Union at 50 World Econ
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The European Union at 50 Heidenreic
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The European Union at 50 Yotopoulos
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You are free: Attribution-NonCommer
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