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Camorra
Ndrangheta
Sacra Corona Unita
Yakuza (Japan) 120 thousand million $
(Source: our compilation from Raith, 1995)
The European Union at 50
Newcomers, like the Russian Mafia groups, and formally regional groupings, like
the Chinese triads, are expanding rapidly as well into the core areas of the worldwide
market. By the year 2020, the expansion of these and other criminal
corporations will be not a threat, but a reality (Raith, 1995). The logic of
accumulation of these large, transnational criminal corporations seem nowadays
to reflect the growing weight of 'flexible specialization', while the earlier, post-
1932 model reflected 'corporatist structures' (Behan, 1996).
The core of the transnational economy, Sunkel and many others observed, used
to be the legal transnational corporation and the legal transnational bank. From
1991 to 1993, the following growth rates were observed:
world GDP +1.6%
world trade +3.1%
world-wide stock of FDI +8.0%
sales of the foreign affiliates of transnational corporations +20.0%
Source: our own compilations from Stiftung Entwicklung und Frieden, 1996
More than $ 1000 thousand million are shifted around each day by way of
international financial markets. The cumulative debt of the developing countries
reaches the staggering proportion of $ 1945 thousand million, and will tend to
grow by around 1998 to $ 2600 thousand million dollars:
Entelequia. Revista Interdisciplinar · CAEI Arno Tausch / 18