Birds in southern Öresund in relation to the wind farm at ... - Vattenfall

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Periods during which radar data was analysed together with data on number of days analysed and the total number of hours covered during those days are shown in Table 2. Days were selected based on own field observations of migratory movements over the Sound (spring 2002, autumn 2001, see Green & Nilsson 2006), on recorded larger migratory movements of waterfowl were selected (data on observed migratory movements were collected from the web-based bird reporting system Svalan (spring 2005, 2008-2010, www.artportalen.se/birds) or on heavy migration movements observed during the standardized migration counts made at Falsterbo Bird Observatory, south of Lillgrund (autumn 2001, 2008-2009, see http://www.falsterbofagelstation.se/). . 1 2 3 4 C Fig. 7. Map over the southern Sound showing the Lillgrund area (red square) and the transects used in the radar analysis (yellow lines) as well as the different zones used for echo counting along the transects (A-E, resp. 1-4). The background picture is from Google Earth. Karta över södra Öresundsområdet visande Lillgrundsområdet (röd kvadrat) och transekterna över vilka radaranalysen genomfördes (gula linjer) samt zonindelning av dessa (A-E, resp. 1-4). Bakgrundsbild från Google Earth. 24 A B D E
Results Staging and wintering birds In this chapter we analyze the occurrence and distribution of staging/wintering water birds in relation to the wind farm at Lillgrund by comparing the patterns recorded before and after the construction of the wind farm. We base the comparisons both on the boat and aerial surveys. The total numbers of birds of all species counted at the surveys are shown in Tables A1 and A2 in the appendix. Here we focus on the species occurring regularly at Lillgrund and which could possibly be affected by the wind farm. Five species, (Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo, Long-tailed Duck Clangula hyemalis, Eider Somateria mollissima, Red-breasted merganser Mergus serrator and Herring Gull Larus argentatus) were found regularly in the Lillgrund area before the construction of the wind farm and will hence be in focus for this analysis. During the boat surveys, which only cover offshore areas (Fig. 3), a total of 26 species were recorded during the surveys (Table A1-A3 in the appendix). During the aerial surveys the transects go from the shore to the outer limit of the study area (Fig. 5) and they will therefore cover a number of inshore water bird species that never are found in the offshore areas (these species will not be discussed any further here). In all 35 species were seen during the aerial surveys (Table A4 - A9 in the appendix). In addition to the offshore species occurring regularly at Lillgrund, two sea ducks were found in larger numbers in the reference area south of Falsterbo: Velvet Scoter Melanitta fusca and Common Scoter Melanitta nigra. These species were also found around Lillgrund in very small numbers but not on a regular basis. The Goldeneye Bucephala clangula is a diving duck that is normally found in shallow water close to the coast and it is a very common species in the Foteviken area east of Lillgrund. In cold ice winters larger flocks can sometimes occur far out in Öresund and it may be that Lillgrund could be included in its offshore distribution in such situation. We did not find any larger numbers at sea during the pre-construction years, but during the two hard, ice-winters in 2010 and 2011 we found some larger flocks on Bredgrund, south of Lillgrund but none in the Lillgrund area itself. Lacking a very hard winter before construction we cannot evaluate whether the distribution of this species might be affected by the wind farm in cold winters. Another diving duck species which could not be studied in relation to the wind farm is the Tufted Duck Aythya fuligula. Large flocks roost over the day in the ponds at Klagshamn or in the inner part of Höllviken (Falsterbo Canal) from where they make nocturnal feeding flights out to offshore foraging areas. From previous analyses of radar data we know that the foraging areas are mainly situated around the northern tip of Falsterbo peninsula and at Bredgrund, but it cannot be excluded that Lillgrund may be used in some occasions. So far we have not seen any movements towards Lillgrund. For the main study species we analyze the distribution and numbers for each species separately with the main emphasis to compare the situation pre- and post-construction of the wind farm at Lillgrund. We show total numbers counted for each main species during the boat surveys, Fig. 3) and for the aerial surveys, (Fig. 5). For the aerial surveys we separate between the Northern area (including Lillgrund) and the Southern area (reference area). For 25
Page 1 and 2: Birds in southern Öresund in relat
Page 3 and 4: Contents Summary 4 Svensk sammanfat
Page 5 and 6: the birds and/or the flocks, the be
Page 7 and 8: Metoder Inventeringarna av rastande
Page 9 and 10: Alfågel (Fig. 14-19) Alfågeln öv
Page 11 and 12: Liksom vid andra inventeringar av r
Page 13 and 14: Introduction Southern Öresund is a
Page 15 and 16: Lillgrund is situated in the southe
Page 17 and 18: had to be made with only one observ
Page 19 and 20: Fig. 5. Map of the southern part of
Page 21 and 22: Fig. 6 . Map over the wind farm at
Page 23: transect was divided into 10 km lon
Page 27 and 28: Table.3 Percentage of the total num
Page 29 and 30: Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo As is
Page 31 and 32: Fig. 10. Summary distribution maps
Page 33 and 34: Overall Jacob’s index (D) for the
Page 35 and 36: Long-tailed Duck Clangula hyemalis
Page 37 and 38: ehind the large variation is that f
Page 41 and 42: Common Eider Somateria mollissima T
Page 47 and 48: Jacobs Index Jacobs Index 1 0,5 0 -
Page 49 and 50: 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 MIN MEAN
Page 51 and 52: Fig. 30. Details of Fig. 29 to show
Page 53 and 54: large-scale changes in abundance ar
Page 55 and 56: 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 MIN MEAN
Page 59 and 60: Jacobs Index Jacobs Index 1 0,5 0 -
Page 61 and 62: Lillgrund and the wind farm are sit
Page 63 and 64: The spring migration season, and he
Page 65 and 66: % of all echoes (flocks) 45 40 35 3
Page 71 and 72: irds given the assumptions used abo
Page 73 and 74: % of all echoes (flocks) % of all e
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% av alla ekon (flockar) 20 15 10 5
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species, some species being better
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area and from a Dutch farm show tha
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distance from the farm, although mo
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Literature Alerstam, T. 1972. Noctu
Page 85:
Petersen, I. K. & Fox A. D. 2007. C
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Birds in southern Öresund in relation to the wind farm at ... - Vattenfall

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