Birds in southern Öresund in relation to the wind farm at ... - Vattenfall

(1400 km) will increase with 0,5-0,7 % because of the detour around this farm (Petersen et al.
2006, Masden et al. 2009). For species migrating longer distances, as some of the geese
passing Lillgrund, the increase will be even lower. The extra flight distance and energy cost
for passing a single wind farm is in other words insignificant, but cumulative effects from
several wind farms along a migratory journey will of course increase the total cost and hence
the risk of negative effects in the long run (Masden et al. 2009). Still, the decreased collison
risk that the avoidance behaviour leads to are probably of overriding importance.
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