Technologies for intensification in SW Uganda ... - Foodnet - cgiar

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Table 4.3: Perennial crops in SW Uganda Crops Suitable Status* Impact ** on Recommendation domain technologies in SW Produc- Environ- Wel- Geographic*** Socio-econ. tivity ment fare Many local var. 6 Banana 9 improv. varieties Management recommendations 2 5 5 6 4 5 2 5 20,21,30,31,32 < 1700 m.a.s.l. Subs. & comm. farmers Coffee (arabica) 3 imp. Cultivars 4 4 4 4 Management Recommendations 5 4 4 4 20, 30, 32, 33 > 1500 m.a.s.l. Subs. & comm. Farmers Coffee (robusta) 6 clones 6 5 5 5 Management Recommendations 5 5 5 5 21, 30,31 < 1800 m.a.s.l. Subs. & comm. Farmers Tea ? Management Recommendations 6 6 6 6 20, 30, 32, 33 > 1500 m.a.s.l. Subs. & comm. Farmers Local Varieties Pineapple Management Recommendations 6 4 4 5 5 5 5 4 20, 30, 31, 32, 33 < 1800 m.a.s.l Subs. & comm. Farmers 12 imp. Cultivars 4 6 5 4 Cassava Management recommendations 2 5 5 4 20,21,30,31,32 Subs. Yams Local Management Recommendations 6 1 4 3 5 3 4 3 20, 30, 31, 32, 33 Subs. farmers Citrus Local & 3 imp. Vari. Management recommendations 2 1 3 3 3 3 4 3 21, 30,31 < 1500 m.a.s.l. Subs. & comm. farmers Subs. & comm. farmers Avocado > 15 cultivars tested Management recommendations 4 3 4 4 5 3 5 5 20, 21, 31,32,33 Subs, farmers Subs, farmers Apples 13 cultivars tested Management recommendations 3 3 5 6 5 3 5 6 20, 30, 32, 33 > 1500 m.a.s.l. Subs. & comm. farmers Subs. & comm. farmers Pears 7 cultivars tested Management recommendations 3 3 5 6 5 3 5 6 20, 30, 32, 33 > 2000 m.a.s.l. Subs. & comm. farmers Subs. & comm. farmers Plums 8 cultivars tested Management recommendations 2 2 5 6 5 3 5 6 20, 30, 32, 33 > 1800 m.a.s.l. Subs. & comm. farmers Subs. & comm. Farmers Peaches 4 cultivars tested Management recommendations 2 2 5 6 5 3 5 6 20, 30, 32, 33 > 1500 m.a.s.l. Subs. & comm. farmers Subs. & comm. Farmers * Score: 1: on-station 2: on-farm testing 3: pilot location 4: initial dissemination 5: widely disseminated 6: common option for farmers ** Score: 1: very negative; 2: negative, 3: neutral; 4: moderately positive, 5: positive; 6: very positive *** Farming Systems (see: 2) 40
Coffee (arabica) This crop thrives well under the highland climate. Current low prices, negative experiences of the past with collapsing market structures and non-availability of seedlings delay progress in reestablishing arabica coffee production in southwestern Uganda. Arabica coffee is one of the priority investment areas of the PMA and the strategy is to avail seedlings to farmers for planting. There will however be need to understand better the dynamics of the coffee industry and devise appropriate strategies to boost production and add value to benefit the poor farmers. Coffee (robusta) Robusta is a major cash crop in the lower altitude ranges, below 1800 m.a.s.l. of southwestern Uganda where it is often integrated in the banana gardens. Robusta coffee is also a priority investment area for the PMA. Coffee wilt and low prices are major constraints for the crop. This leads some farmers to leave the robusta coffee trees unmanaged for a long time which appears to be a major source of plant health problems. Well-managed improved ‘clonal’ coffee varieties however are very productive. The high yields have however to be supported be good soil fertility- and crop - management. The prices tend to fluctuate a lot. The main challenge is to add value and improve quality at farm level. The threat by the coffee wilt is a top research priority and integrated diseases management practices to minimize coffee wilt have been generated and need to be tested, modified and verified under the agro-ecological and socio-economic circumstances in the region. Tea The tea produced by outgrowers is seen as an attractive enterprise particularly since it provides a relatively regular, monthly income. Contract farming, including credit facilities is attractive. A major constraint to the further development of smallholder tea farming is the need to transport the bulky tealeaves within a few hours to the factory. There have also been questions raised about the quality of smallholder tea. This concern is seen as becoming increasingly important as world production increases mean that competition will heat up. Government is importing elite planting materials from Kenya. These, together with selected local ones are intended for expansion of the area under the crop as part of the priority investments of the PMA. This may inevitably involve expanding the current processing facilities in the medium term and if the project takes off well possibly building new factories in the long run. The expansion will however be mainly around the current processing plants. Cassava Cassava has for the last decade been severely affected by the introduced mosaic virus. Joint research and development efforts of national and international research institutes as well as development organizations have led to the development and popularization of resistant materials. New varieties also increasingly meet farmers’ quality demands but are not yet common on farms in SW Uganda. There is still need for local multiplication of the improved materials. Yams Indigenous species of yams are traditional food of forest people (Batwa) and farmers surrounding forest areas. This may be an interesting entry point to provide a forest product from agriculture. 41
Page 1 and 2: REPORT ON A SURVEY TO IDENTIFY SUIT
Page 3 and 4: TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page 5 and 6: LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1: Area and
Page 7 and 8: 1. Introduction 1.1 Background USAI
Page 9 and 10: the intensification of agriculture.
Page 11 and 12: development options to support deve
Page 13 and 14: 20: Rwenzori Footslopes and Fort Po
Page 15 and 16: Wood products from forests, plantat
Page 17 and 18: Table 2.3: Food crops in Southweste
Page 19 and 20: The intensity of agricultural exten
Page 21 and 22: years, reported by Bolwig et. al (2
Page 23 and 24: movements as other areas. This may
Page 25 and 26: matoke, for instance. Aside from su
Page 27 and 28: o Input availability, costs and kno
Page 29 and 30: ange of niches for production of co
Page 31 and 32: Description is a brief description
Page 33 and 34: personnel, and farmers. Data on mar
Page 35 and 36: Enhanced productivity Quantity Qual
Page 37 and 38: Cash inputs required Land inputs re
Page 39 and 40: 4. Technology inventory To generate
Page 41 and 42: Table 4.2: Annual crops in SW Ugand
Page 43 and 44: Improved maize varieties are availa
Page 45: African Growth and Opportunities Ac
Page 49 and 50: o Citrus: can best be grown at alti
Page 51 and 52: A major problem is lack of continuo
Page 53 and 54: o Many interventions in natural res
Page 55 and 56: in the southwest, but it is used pr
Page 57 and 58: Description Technology Environmenta
Page 59 and 60: Description 1. Contour hedgerows Te
Page 61 and 62: Description Wetland farming Farm wo
Page 63 and 64: delineate areas where new technolog
Page 65 and 66: Overall, there is little scope for
Page 67 and 68: • Local leaders and farmers are a
Page 69 and 70: 5.2.4 What next ? To make options f
Page 71 and 72: These biological conservation measu
Page 73 and 74: We did observe examples of these du
Page 75 and 76: • Dual-purpose goats (produce mil
Page 77 and 78: ulking and distribution while with
Page 79: NARO 2001: Scientific Conference

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