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226 FIELDIANA: BOTANY, VOLUME 28 This remarkable species is the first of the family Santalaceae to be discovered in the area of the table-mountains of Venezuela. In its annual habit it resembles T, bras Hie nse DC., but differs from that species in its more robust, but shorter, simple or sparsely branched angulate stems, closely crowded inflorescences with larger, more conspicuous bracts, and somewhat larger fruits. From the only other known South American species T. aphyllum Mart., it is at once distinguished by the annual roots, smaller flowers with shorter perianth lobes, and smaller fruits. CARYOPHYLLACEAE Arenaria venezuelana Briq. Ann. Conserv. Jard. Bot. Geneve XIII and XIV: 383. 1911. This name must replace A. humifusa Linden & Planch., 1863, not Wahlenberg, 1812. Arenaria humifusa Lind. & PI., even if considered to have been effectively published (See Sprague in Kew Bull. 1926: 32-44. 1926), still remains a later homonym, and cannot be used, since it is antedated by Arenaria humifusa Wahlenberg, Fl. Lapp. 129. 1812. This latter name was legitimately published, and is discussed by Nordhagen in Bergens Museum Arb. 1: 24. 1935. In publishing his A. venezuelana, Briquet uses the same type number (Linden 393) as was used by Linden & Planch, for their A humifusa. If Briquet had been aware of this situation, one would have supposed that he would have mentioned something about his species replacing that of Linden & Planch. Typical A, venezuelana has elongated stems with the leaves either all linear-lanceolate and crowded, or these mixed with broader elliptical-lanceolate ones. It varies in pubescence of stems, leaves, sepals, length and width of leaves, and in length of internodes. The extreme depressed cespitose form of this species is Arenaria venezuelana, forma jahnii (Blake) Steyermark, comb. nov. Arenaria humifusa B Linden & Planchon, Trois. Voy. Linden 1: 35. 1863; Arenaria Jahnii Blake, Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 20: 35. 1863. In die Catalogo Flora Venezolana, vol. 1, p. 294, Pittier publishes A. humifusa var. nana Lind & Planch., but actually this name was never originally published by the authors as such. Linden & Planchon described (p. 35) under their Arenaria humifusa a certain "Forma B Nana, caulibus vix 2 centim. longis" and cite the collection of 3 as from "Alto del Paramo de Mucuchies. Alt. 3250-3900 metres. Linden, no. 1486". This latter form actually has never been taken up nomenclatorially, and Pittier merely adopted the first word of Linden & Planchon's description, misusing it as a name of their unnamed forma B. From an examination of the type specimen of A. Jahnii Blake, it is apparent that it is identical with and represents the A. humifusa forma B described above by Linden & Planchon. Moreover, when the type of A. Jahnii is compared with additional material from the
BOTANICAL EXPLORATION IN VENEZUELA - I 227 paramos in the state of Merida, it is found to represent but a cespitose extreme form, grading by various degrees into A, Venezuelans For example, Steyermark 57518 from Laguna Mucubajf, above Los Apartaderos, state of Merfda, matches well the type collection of A. Jahnii. Other collections (Steyermark 55669 and 55738) similarly relate themselves to this depressed paramo-inhabiting form. The type collection of A. Jahnii has small, detached portions of clumps with the pedicels protruding well above the tips of the leafy shoots. In Steyermark 57518 similarly extended pedicels may be found when the clumps are broken into smaller portions. In other collections, such as Steyermark 55669, the pedicels are not as obviously extended and the leaves and stem appear more congested, but represent only a form of variation present in these cespitose matted growth forms. The minute puberulence near the apex of the pedicels, the glandular* papillosity in the grooves of the stem, and the sparsely ciliate base of the leaves can be found in varying degrees. In some cases, the leaves are more obviously ciliate at the base, while in others they are glabrate. The description of forma Jahnii may be emended as follows: A typo (A. venezuelana) differt habitu caespitoso, caulibus brevissimis confertis plerumque glabris, foliis confertis rigidis brevioribus ovatis vel lanceolatis glabris vel basim versus minute ciliatis, sepalis plerumque glabris. Type in U.S. Nat. Herb., collected on Paramo de la Sal, state of Merida, alt. 3400 m., September 2, 1921, Alfredo Jahn 625. Other specimens examined are: MERIDA: Alto del Paramo de Mucuchies, ak. 3250-3900 m., Linden I486', Alto de Mucuchies, La Tapa, cabeceras del Mifafi, entre Barro Negro y Torondoy, alt. 4500- 4600 m., April, 1930, Gehriger 106\ in dense clumps, on other side of paramo between El Aguila (top) and Apartaderos, along headwaters of Rio Chama, paramo along upper headwaters of Rio Tormero, below El Aguila and above Chachopo, alt. 3650-3965 m., March 13, 1944, Steyermark 55669; dense clumps, dry rocky gneis sic-granitic slopes, between Timotes and Paramito, alt. 2285-3500 m., March 24, 1944, Steyermark 55738; mats, flowers, white, Laguna Mucubajf above L*os Apartaderos, alt. 3525-2655 m., July 21, 1944, Steyermark 57518. In general, this form is distinguished by its dense, compact, more cespitose habit, with more crowded and shorter stems, shorter and more crowded leaves, and shorter internodes. Usually its leaves are more glabrate than in typical A. venezuelana the latter t varying from sparsely to densely ciliate leaves, glabrate to densely ciliate and puberulent sepals, and glabrate to puberulent stems. The forma Jahnii represents an extreme variation of the species, growing in exposed situations, and marked by its habit of forming dense clumps. Drymaria firmula Steyermark, sp. nov. Herba, caulibus purpureis, rigid o-adscendentibus glabris; inter-
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o 2 CM XI E> RAR.Y OF THL UNIVERSIT
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FIELDIANA: BOTANY A Continuation of
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NUMBER 1 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS TEXT
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PAGE 67. Emmotum ptarianum 342 68.
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CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE FLORA OF VENEZ
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