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238 FIFLDIANA: BOTANY, VOLUME 28 the scattered pubescence of the sepals, pedicels, matched by some of the collections cited above. and stems can be CAPPARIDACEAE Capparis guaguaensis Steyermark, sp. nov. Arbor 19-25-metralis; ramulis subteretibus glabris, cortice cinereobrunneo; foliis alternis simplicibus integerrimis, firrae membranaceis, longe petiolatis, petiolis glabris 2-11.5 cm. longis; laminis late ovatis vel elliptico-ovatis, 9-26 cm. longis, 5-13 cm. latis, apice acutis vel breviter acuminatis, supra glabris atroviridibus, nervis lateralibus 8-9-jugis prominulis pallid is, subtus glabris argenteoviridibus, costa elevata, nervis venisque prominentibus; floribus non vis is; pedicellis fructiferis glabris 2-2.2 cm. longis, 2-3 mm. crassis; bacco pallide flavido pendulo ovoideo molli, 5-6 cm. longo, 3-4 cm. lato, pericarpio laevi, in sicco ca. 2 mm. crasso; pulpa esculenta dulci cinereo-alba; seminibus circa 6, nigrescentibus nitidis, 15*20 mm. longis, 10-12 mm. latis, testa firmiter Crustacea. Type in herb. Chi. Nat. Hist. Mus., collected along Rio Guagua, tributary to Rio Manzanares, above valley of Cumanacoa, above Cuchivano, state of Sucre, alt. 230-300 m., May 18, 1945, Julian A. Steyermark 62800 (2 sheets), "tree 60-80 feet tall; leaves firmly membra naceous, deep dark green above, silvery green below; fruit edible, pendent, ovoid, 5-6 cm. long, 3-4 cm. broad, pale yellow, soft; pulp edible, sweetish, gray white; seeds blackish, shining". Local name: "toco". The name "toco" in Venezuela is usually applied to Crataeva Tapia L. (C. gynandra L.), but in parts of the Venezuelan Oriente, such as northeast of Bergantfn in the state of Anzoategui, the name is applied, at least in part, to another tree, Capparis Baducca L., of the same family. A collection of C. Baducca (Steyermark 61088) from Cerro La Danta, in this region, was so named by the inhabitants. Near the type locality along the Rio Guagua another collection of C. Baducca (Steyermark 62788) was made. This new species is striking in that the fruit somewhat resembles that of a Crataeva, but the leaves are simple throughout and resemble those of Capparis Baducca. At first, it might be wondered whether the fruit and the leaves might not have been collected from separate trees, and therefore comprise a mixture, but such is not the case. The leaves of this collection are much broader and of a thinner texture than those of C. Baducca, and the fruit is ovoid and large similar to that of a Crataeva. However, it differs from other fruiting specimens of Crataeva Tapia sensu latu in its much larger, smooth seeds, much shorter gynophore, and much thinner and softer mature pericarp of 2-3 mm. thickness, whereas that of Crataeva is much firmer, more rigid, and has a thickness of 5-7 mm. The pulp of the new species is
BOTANICAL EXPLORATION IN VENEZUELA - I 239 sweetish and edible, a fact which has not been recorded for either Crataeva Tapia sensu latu or for Capparis Baducca. Steriphoma paradoxum f venezuelanum . (Briquet) Steyermark,comb.nov. Steriphoma venezuelanum Briq. in Ann. Conserv. et Jard. Bot. Geneve XVD: 394. 1914. Although Briquet compares his species with S. elliptic a Spreng., actually it is related to 5. paradoxum, of which it can be considered only a form separated from the species by the elliptic or oblongelliptic leaf blades, which are relatively broader in proportion to their length (2-2 1/2 times broader than long) than in typical S. paradoxum, in which the leaf blades are much more elongated, lanceolate, or oblong- lanceolate and usually 4-5 times longer than broad. The blades of 5. paradoxum f. venezuelanum are slightly more obtuse at the base and more abruptly acuminate with somewhat shorter tips than those of typical 5. paradoxum. The petioles are also somewhat shorter in f. venezuelanum. Apparently there are only two valid species of this genus thus far known in Venezuela, S, ellipticum Spreng. and S. paradoxum (Jacq.) Endl. In the Catalog de la Flora Venezolana i: 321. 1945, Pittier et al list four species of this genus as occurring within Venezuela. A comparison of the description of Steriphoma cleomoides based on Stephania cleomoides Willd. from the region of Caracas, and study of herbarium material from that area, show that it is not different from Steriphoma paradoxum, based on Capparis paradoxa Jacq. from the same region. As the latter validly published name is the oldest one congeneric with Steriphoma, it must be used over any others subsequently placed in that genus. The synonymy is as follows: Steriphoma paradoxum (Jacq.) Endl. in Flora XV: 396. 1832. Capparts paradoxa Jacq. PI. Har. Hort. Schoenbr. 1: 58. pU 111. 1797. Stephania cleomoides Willd. Sp. PI. II: 239. 1799. Steriphoma cleomoides Spreng. Syst. IV: 139. 1827. SARRACENIACEAE Heliamphora heterodox* Steyennark, sp. nov. Folia radicalia, plerumque 12-25 cm. (ad 40 cm.) longa; amphoris in medio expansis, intus dense strigosis pilis albis reflexis, appendice apicali cucullata suborbiculari, 0.6-2.5 cm. longa; scapo 3-7 dm. alto plerumque 2-4-(ad 7-) floris, omnino glabro; bracteis sessilibus amplexicaulibus, late ovatis obtusis vel cuspidato-acuminatis, infimis 3.5-7 cm. longis, 1.6-4.2 cm. latis, superioribus minoribus reductis, supremis 0.9-2 cm. longis, plerumque glabris vel partim puberulis; floribus nutantibus; perianthii segmentis anguste vel late ovatis vel oblongo-ellipticis acutis vel subobtusis in anthesi 20-50 mm. longis, 10-20 mm. latis, in fructu ad 80 mm. longis et 37mm.
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FIELDIANA: BOTANY A Continuation of
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NUMBER 1 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS TEXT
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PAGE 67. Emmotum ptarianum 342 68.
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