May June 1980 - Commodore Computers

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98 98 COMPUTE. MAY/JUNE. MAV / JUNE. 1980. ISSUE &..:1, Now that t these tips lips on on Atari color are under your belt, it it is is time to to try tryout the the program. The listing starts out OUl by by setting tting a moderately high resolution full-frame m e graphics mode in in statement 20. This mode allows the display of of four colors and contains 160 x 96 96 picture elements -- plenty for our need. The OPEN statement lets us us use a GET statement to to receive data from the keyboard without having to to press RETURN. Note that the Atari version of GET is is very different from the version you may be accustomed to from Microsoft BASIC. Next, the color registers are all set at the same color value so that when the cube is is first drawn you cannot see it. The front face of the cube is is drawn in COLOR 1 (from SETCOLOR register 0) in lines 70-90, a nd the other two register 0) in lines 70-90, and the other two faces are drawn in COLOR 2 and COLOR 3 in lines 110-130 and 150-170 respectively. At this point the computer waits s in line 190 until a key is typed. (Note that in Microsoft BASIC the program would not stay at a GET command, but would look once and be on its way.) y.) Since I expect to be GET-ting a keystroke from keys 0 through 7 (which have the Atari-ASCII values 48 through 55), lines 200 and 210 convert the keystroke to an even number between 0 and 14 for use in the SETCOLOR command. This program looks for three keystrokes - one for each face of the cube. As each key is typed (try 5, 6 and 7, for example) a cube face will become visible. The result is that a ""three-dimen three-dimen sional" " representation of a cube is now nicelyy displayed on your TV screen. . If you want to change the shadings, type three more numbers between 0 and 7 and see what happens. Next, for some more excitement, type J, K and L. Once again you will see the shaded cube, but the color will have changed from gold to more of a magenta. As you can see, luminance values greater th than an 14 cause the hue to change. Now that you u know about shading, you should be able e to make some truly beautiful pictures on th the e Atari computers! Table 1. Hue Values For The Atari Computers COLOR HUE VALUE CRAY GRAY 0 LIG LIGHTORANGE O R 1 ORANGE 2 RED·ORANGE RED-ORANGE 3 PI PINK NK + PU PURPLE 5 PURPLE-BLUE 6 BLUE 7 ANOTI-I ANOTHER lOR BLU BLUE E B » LIGHT BLUE E 9 TTURQUOISE U 10 10 GREEN-BLUE II M GREEN 12 12 YELLOW-GREEN W 13 13 ORANGE·G ORANGE-GREEN REE, 14 14 LIG LIGHTORANGE O E 15 15 © INTRODOCING INTRODUCING FOR THE ATARI TM FOR THE AT ARr M GUESSWORD - GUESSWORD — Based on tm tn ~ TV shov. she ,"" Password, lJ~ l.\.'ord . the computer C0m ~ r gives clues ('lues to :0 the secret ' !: e~re l word. wo;d. Tr.c Tnc faster last!;:r vou guess gut's!:. the word the I t>e hiahei higher your you: score. s..:-ore. For Fe·, one C'ne or two players (grades 19rades 6-M 6+1 cass. ss. S15.00 S WA,"ITED - WANTED — Be a detective df>IC'(1h:tana track t ra~'k aowr. OOWI. the e wc;d; wc;e! that have escaped esci:ptd your vocabulary. '.c:nDulal). Clues appear app.::~r on the me screen in Ir: the tht' form of 01 a 'Wanted' 'Wantec" poster puster (grades (9 r "d e ~ 4-8)... 4·8). cass 515.00 $15.00 WORD-SCRAMBLE - Unscramble UnSCff of Fish M!.'h with the computer. (OmpUlei, Tl Tius lls time tiine esk ~sk tor lor the homonyms homenrm!' to to the Ul~ word-cards word·cards that appear ap~ar in In your hr.nd. h2.nd. (grade; \grades. 3-6) 3·6) . cass SI5.00 S15.00 WORD-MATE - WORD-MATE — Bjiid R"ild compound CC'n1jX>U;):i words with v.'lth the words word" tha1. tha: have ha'ie been l ~ dealt deal! to you. yOl ' Try TT)' to make ;na..:e mote m Ol€, compound COr1roun d words w() ~ than the computer cornlJuter Don't \ get gel stuck with lA~th the last la!.t card ::ard (grades 3-6). 3·6 ). . o-ss CC1SS 515.00 S COMING S OON .. PRESCHOO L FUN COMING SOON . . . PRESCHOOL FUIN MATH FACTS iI CR1BBAGE CRIBBAGE Or Call: (313) 595-4722 DEALER ORDERS WELCOME Imagine. Imagine, berng being .lble able 10 to put In in memor) memory aany 3·D 3-D obJcct ob|ect. .md and Vle\\ view II it Tra trom m any ~' location and dcgfcc degree oof f fOla rotation, llon. undc underneath, rnealh. 1Il51df' inside of! Th.s This I is ~ ,1 a set of .14 pfOg,illllS programs W/llstings l lr ~tmg \ th.l that l Will will fun run III in 8K' RK! H,t- ifiK mill mm fOI for HI RlS RfcS I'fogfiHllllled Programmed In in B.Hl Hasit e but c"ecutcs executes VCf\' very f.lSl. fast, ,lnu and I"OgIMl1 program " is cas\ easy 10 to ('~I).Hld expand Muh.plc Multiple color icilor conlfo control, l. ~oft software \ \
MAY/JUNE. I 1980 I960. . ISSUE 4. 4 COMPUTE. 9Q Atari Tape Data Files Atari Tape Data Files A Consumer Oriented Approach Introduction This article is based on a major axiom of consumer computing: Easier is Better The specific coroll ary when writing a program which The specific corollary when writing a program which saves data between program runs is: Use only one tape. Program and data should be on the same tape. They should, in fact, be the same thing. A consumer should be able to load his program, run it 10 to update hiss checkbook and balance hiss budget, and then save the program on tape when done. The next day, he can load his program and all data changes from the previous day should be there. " Impossible", you say? Well , perhaps. It is cer "Impossible", you say? Well, perhaps. It is cer tainly y impossible on some of the computers on the market. But it is not impossible on the Alari. Atari. The trick is to fool Atari Basic into saving all dimensioned variables when a program is saved to tape. We won't try 10 save the simple variables. Since I am not a try to save the simple variables. Since I am not a revered expert, I won't make the mistake of saying this is impossible. (But, I think it's impossible.) this is impossible. (But, I think it's impossible.) Saving the dimensioned variables with a program is relatively easy. Write your program Listing 1 is a simple program. Nothing tricky. But Listing 1 is a simple program. Nothing tricky. But notice that I print the dimensioned variables in Lines 70-130 and then assign values to them in Lines 140- 190. I am assuming the variables have valid contents before changing them! The only important restriction here is to type the line containing the DIM statement firsl. It doesn't have to be the first line statement first. It doesn't have to be the first line in the program. Just make sure it is the first line typed. The Atari Basic variable sy mbol table is con The Atari Basic variable symbol table is con structed when each line is typed in, , not when the program is run. Later we will need to find the locations of the string variables in the table . This is tions of the string variables in the table. This is easier if they are the first variables present. For a more complete discussion of the symbol table, see the text in the box. text in the box. 50 DIM A$(10),B(2 , 3) 50 DIM A?(10),B(2,3) 70 ? A$ AS 80 FOR 1=0 TO 2 80 FOR 1=0 TO 2 90 FOR J =0 TO 3 90 FOR J = 0 TO 3 1100 PRINT B{I,J), B( 110 NEXT J 120 PRINT 130 NEXT I 14~ ? "STRING=";:INPUT A$ 140 ? "STRING=";:INPUT AS 150 15~ ? "I=";:INPUT I 160 IF 1=9 THEN 200 160 IF 1=9 THEN 200 170 17~ ? "J=";:INPUT "; : I A:B(I,J)=A , 190 GOTO 150 190 GOTO 150 200 END 50 DIM A$(10),B(2,3) 70 ? A$ 110 NEXT J 1120 PRINT 130 NEXT I 140 14~ ? "STRING=";:INPUT ";: INPUT AS A$ 1501 5~ ? "I=";:INPUT I 160 IF 1=9 THEN 200 Al Baker 2327 S S. Westminster Wheaton, IL 6O187 210 A=A+82 220 POKE 141,INT(A/256):POKE , 140,A-PEEK(141)*256141 230 CSAVE procedure won't work. AI Baker Wheaton, IL 60187 Suppose the program is already written and you didn't type the DIM statement first. Write your program 10 to tape using the command LIST"C". Type NEW. Now type the DIM statement from your program with the string variables first. Finally, reload the program from tape with the command ENTER "e". "C". Now the string variables are at the beginning of the variable tables. Protect the Dimensioned Variables The next step is to fool Basic into treating the dimensioned variables as part of the program. Also, you have to add the code to let the program save itself to tape. In an application, saving the program to tape will be the final program option selected by the user. In Listing 2 this is added to the program in lines 200 through 230. 50 Dnt A$( 1 0) ,B (2 ,3) 80 FOR 1=0 TO 2 90 FOR J=0 TO 3 100 l~ ~ PRINT B(I,J), 110 NEXT J 130 NEXT I 1 60 IF 1=9 THEN 200 170 ? "J=" "J=";:INPUT ; :INPUT A: A:B(I,J)=A B(I , J)=A 190 GOTO 150 200 A=PEEK(140)+PEEK(141)*256 )*256 210 A=A+82 230 CSAVE Locations 140 and 141 contain the address of the end of the computer program. Program line 200 places this address in the variable A. In line 210 we add the size of the dimensioned variables. Each string variable containss as many bytes as its dimension. Each numeric array contains 6 times the number of members of the array. The B array is 6x(2 + l)x(3 + 1) = ~ 6x3x4 = ~ 72 bytes. Thus we had to add 10 + 72 or 82 to the end of the program in the example. Now run the program and let the internal CSAVE create a tape. Turn the computer off and then on. Now reload the newly created program from tape. For some reason this step is important. (I don't 't know why.) If you do not use the new tape, this procedure won't work. Finish the program We now have a program in memory which has an invalid program - end pointer. See Sec the third listing. Add lines 10 through 40 to your program. Make sure that you use the correct number instead of 4' -82" that you use the correct number instead of "-82"
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May June 1980 - Commodore Computers

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