TheImprovement ofTropical and Subtropical Rangelands

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94 IMPROVEMENT OF TROPIOAL AND SUBTROPIOAL RANGELANDS or in directories of the journals of major professional societies, such as Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sentling, the journal of the American Society of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. Landaat Data Diatribution Centen NORTH AMERICA ASIA National Oceanic and Atmolpheric Adminiatration CUltomer Servic.. EROS Data Center Sioux FallI SD 571~ USA Canadian Center for Remote Senlinl UHr Auiatance and Marketine Unit 717 Belfut Road Ottawa, Ontario K1A OY7 Canada SOUTH AMERICA Inltituto de Peaquilu Eipaciail Departamento de Produ~ao de Im..ena ATUS-Banco de Imacenl Terreatrel Rodovia Preaidenta Dutra, Km 210 Cachoeira Paulilta-CEP 12.630 Sao Paulo Bratil Comilion Nacional de Inv..tilacion.. Centro de Proc..amiento DOrr8CO ..010 (1..25) Buenoe Airea Arlentina EUROPE EAS-ESRIN Earthnet Uler Servic.. Via Galileo Galilei 000 .... Frucati, Italy AFRICA National Inltitute for Telecommunicationl R...arch ATTN: Satellite Remote Senlinl Centre P.O. Box 3718 Johanneaburc 2000 South Africa National Remote Senainl Alency Balanacar, Hyderabad - IiOO 037 Andhra Prad..h, India Remote Senainl Dinlion National Reaearch Council 196 Phahonyothin Road Banlkok 10900 Thailand Chairman Indon..ian National Inltitute of Aeronautica and Space JLN Pemuda Penil No.1 P. O. Box 3048 Djakarta Indon..ia Remote Senainl TechnololY Center of Japan Unl-Ropponci Bldl. 7-15-17 Ropponci Minato-ku, Tokyo 106 Japan Academia Sinica Landaat Ground Station Beijinl Peopl.. Republic of China AUSTRALIA AUltralia Landlat Station 1"-16 Oatley Court P. O. Box 28 Belconnen, A.C.T. 2616 AUltralia
REGIONAL RESOUROE ASSESSMENT 95 The United States has maintained an "open skies" policy in the acquisition and distribution ofdatafrom the Landsat satellites. Since the initiation of the Landsat program, ground-receiving stations have been established in a number of countries around the world (see list below). Images from these stations are available at a modest cost and cover most parts of the earth (see table 4-1). Where large areas are studied and extensive ground sampling poses a problem, large-scale aerial photography may be required to supplement satellite data and conventional aerial photography. This is particularly true when the efficient multistage sampling approach is employed. Nonconventional systems have been developed (see figures 4-3a and 4-3b) that provide excellent data at low cost for large areas (International Livestock Centre for Mrica, 1981). Where budget presents no problem, conventional aerial photography can be purchased from a service. The variety of remote sensing systems currently. available ensures that basic information on land resources can be produced quickly at reasonable cost for almost any country. Should training or re-training be necessary to benefit from these systems, practical training courses are available at most mrJor agricultural universities, and at many remote-sensing centers. Aside from short-term courses (leM than one month duration), university training is generally part of a longer-term advanced-degree program. However, a variety of variable-duration, comprehensive training programs in all aspects of remote sensing are available under Unesco auspices through the International Institute for Aerial Survey and Earth Sciences (ITe), 350 Boulevard 1945, P.O. Box 6, AA Enschede, The Netherlands. REfERENCES In'-rnational Livestock Centre for Africa (ILeA). 1981. Lo.levcl Aerial SurwV TceJaniquu. ILeA Monograph 4. International Livestock Centre for Africa, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. McLeod, R. G. and H. B. Johnson. 1981. Resource inventory techniques uud in the Calfornia desert conservation area. In Arid LtJruU Re,oun:c InwntOrilll: Dewloping Oon-Efficient MctItoclI. General Technical Report WD-28:260-271. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Foreat Service, Washington, D.C., USA. Michell, C. W. and J. A. Howard. 1979. Lon4 S,Iltem atJNification. A Oue HWto"l: Jordan. Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations, Rome, Italy. TOW1l8hend, J. R. G., ed. 1981. Temain Anal,., aratl Remote Servirag. George Allen and Unwin, London, England.
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- ....... .I,"U1J:1~ National Resea
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PANEL ON THE IMPROVEMENT or TROPICA
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can be restored to the world's rang
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4 Dromedary Pastoralism in Mrica an
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OVERVIEW 3 associated with the exte
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OVERVIEW 5 results, they must be su
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OVERVIEW 7 higher levels of biologi
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OVERVIEW 9 of approaching this obje
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Introduction In this report, rangel
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INTRODUCTION 15 protein per hour of
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INTRODUOTION 17 Moreover, grain cro
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Sudan 66 million hectlln8 (permanen
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Zambia Countrywide, Upper Zambesi (
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People's Democratic Republic ofVeme
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Saudi Arabia Countrywide 85 miIllon
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Arghaniatan 30 million hectara Low
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INTRODUCTION 29 knowledge, adaptati
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1 The Nature ofTropical and Subtrop
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THE NATURE 0' TROPIOAL AND SUBTROPI
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THE NA.TURE OF TROP/OAL AND SUBTROP
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THE NATURE OF TROPICAL AND SUBTROPI
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TllB aoorAL aoNTEXT FOR RANGELAND I
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THE SOOIAL OONTEXT FOR RANGELAND IM
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Page 55 and 56: THE SOOIAL CONTEXT FOR RANGELAND IM
Page 57 and 58: T11B aOorAL OONTl:XT FOR RANQIILAND
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Page 65 and 66: THE ECONOMIC CONTEXT 55 proved extr
Page 67 and 68: THE ECONOMIC CONTEXT 57 • The cas
Page 69 and 70: THE EOONOMIO OONTEXT 59 Climate and
Page 71 and 72: THE EOONOMIO OONTEXT 61 CAlIH_11ON
Page 73 and 74: THE EOONOMIO OONTEXT 63 and returns
Page 75 and 76: THE ECONOMIC CONTEXT 65 The basic p
Page 77 and 78: THE EOONOMIO OONTEXT 67 can give a
Page 79 and 80: THE EOONOMIO OONTEXT 69 evaluation.
Page 81 and 82: THE EOONOMIO OONTEXT 71 fashion or
Page 83 and 84: 4 Regional Resource Assessment The
Page 85 and 86: REGIONAL RESOUROE ASSESSMENT 75 onl
Page 87 and 88: REGIONAL RESOUROE ASSESSMENT 77 wil
Page 89 and 90: REGIONAL RESOURCE ASSESSMENT 79 spe
Page 91 and 92: REGIONAL RESOUROB ASSB88MENT 81 Aqa
Page 93 and 94: REGIONAL RESOUROE ASSESSMENT 83 imp
Page 95 and 96: REGIONAL RESOUROE AS8mJSMENT 85 60
Page 97 and 98: REGIONAL RESOUROE ASSB88JlENT 87 Ta
Page 99 and 100: REGIONAL RESOUROE ASSESSMENT 89 •
Page 101 and 102: REGIONAL RESOUROE ASSESSMENT 91 FIG
Page 103: N r;; (L ~ C) o ~ -rv • 01 . •
Page 107 and 108: SITE EVALUATION 97 The natural proc
Page 109 and 110: SIT8 EVALUATION 99 Climate is diffi
Page 111 and 112: SITB EVALUATION 101 Instantaneous m
Page 113 and 114: SITE EVALUATION 103 by field observ
Page 115 and 116: SITE EVALUATION 105 dynamics ofan e
Page 117 and 118: SITE EVALUATION 107 macbiuery at le
Page 119 and 120: SIT8 EVALUATION 109 the better is t
Page 121 and 122: SITE EVALUATION 111 Animal 7Jpe. Al
Page 123 and 124: SITE EVALUATION 113 by component. M
Page 125 and 126: SITE EVALUATION 115 National Raearc
Page 127 and 128: GRAZING MANAGEMENT 117 Species that
Page 129 and 130: GRAZING MANAGEMENT 119 the loss of
Page 131 and 132: GRAZING MANAGEMENT 121 seed product
Page 133 and 134: GRAZING MANAGEMENT 123 FIGURE 8-2 (
Page 135 and 136: GRAZING MANAG8MENT 125 FIGURE 6-4 A
Page 137 and 138: GRAZING MANAGEMENT 127 FIGURE 6-6 C
Page 139 and 140: GRAZING MANAGDIBNT conditions by pr
Page 141 and 142: GRAZING MANAGEMENT 181 FIGURE 6-9 (
Page 143 and 144: GRAZING MANAGEMENT 133 The success
Page 145 and 146: GRAZING MANAGEMENT IS5 a more nutri
Page 147 and 148: GRAZING MANAGEMENT 137 flooded and,
Page 149 and 150: 7 Rehabilitation Techniques ESTABLI
Page 151 and 152: RBlIABILlTATlON TEOHNIQUES 141 to h
Page 153 and 154: REHABILITATION TEOHNIQUES 143 habit
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REHABILITATION TEOHNIQUES 145 Some
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REHABlLlTATION TEOHNIQUES 147 Topog
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REHABILn'ATlON TEOHNIQUES 149 years
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RE1IABILrl'ATION TEOHNIQUES 151 are
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REHABILITATION TEOHNIQUES 153 FIGUR
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RBllABILlTATlON TEOHNIQUES 155 Adva
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1UUIAB1LlTATION TE01IN1QUEB 157 Adv
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REHABILITATION TEOHNIQUES 159 satis
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REHAB1LlTATlON TECHNIQUES 161 Plant
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RElIABlL1TATION TEOHNIQUES 163 FIGU
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REHABHJTATION TECHNIQUES 165 FIGURE
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RBIlAB1LITATION TBOlINIQU1l8 167
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REHABIL17'ATION TEOHNIQUES 169 FIGU
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REHABILITATION TEOHNIQUES 171 plast
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R.ElIABILlTATION TEOHNIQUES 178 The
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REHABILITATION TECHNIQUES 175 6onne
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REHAB1LJTATION TECHNIQUES 117 Desic
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RE1lAlJ1LlTATION TBOHNlQUBS 179 tra
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RElIABlLlTATION TEOHNIQUES 181 sand
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REHABILITATION TEOHNIQUES 183 Barke
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REHABILITATION TEOHNIQUES 185 Sb.nl
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CRlTERlA FOR PLANT SELECTION 187
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ORITERIA FOR PLANT SELEOTlON 189 La
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ORJTERIA FOR PLANT SBLEOTION 191 70
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CRITERIA FOR PLANT SELECTION 193 AD
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0R1TER1A 'OR PLANT SICLEOTION 195 m
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CRITERIA FOR PLANT SICLECTION 197 C
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CRITERIA 'OR PLANT SELEOTION 199 di
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• ORJTERIA FOR PLANT SELECTION 20
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ORJTERIA FOR PLANT SELEOTlON 203 st
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ORITERIA FOR PLANT SELECTION 205 An
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ORJTBRIA FOR PLANT SELECTION 207 In
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CRITERlA FOR PLANT SELEOTlON 209 Mo
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Introduction to the Case Studies Su
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INTRODUOTION TO THE OASE STUDIES 21
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PASTORAL REGIMES 0' MAURITANIA 217
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PASTORAL REGIMES OF MAURITANIA 225
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Case Study 2 The Beni Mguild ofMoro
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THE BEN! MGUILD OF MOROOOO 229 on t
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THE BENI MGUILD OF MOROOOO 231 thei
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THE BENI MGUILD OF MOROOOO 238 Alth
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THE BEN! MGUILD OF MOROOOO 235 -tle
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Case Study 3 The Kel Tamasheq SUSAN
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TIn: KEL TAMASHEQ 239 TABLE 8-1 Ave
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THE KEL TAMAS11EQ 20U TABLE S-4 Com
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TIlE KEL TAMASHEQ TABLE 3-6 Proport
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THE KEL TAMABHEQ 245 maintain healt
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25 0 25 IlO 75100 , ";) ~ 1:25kmL N
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THE KEL TAMASHEQ the two somehow me
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• Major well • Seuonal ftll •
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THE KEL TAMASHEQ 253 FIGURE 3-3 T8n
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THE KEL TAMASHEQ 255 N 1 I.. I ----
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THE KEL TAMASHEQ 257 about 10 m to
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TABLE 1-10 ComparUoD ofU_ of Variou
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Case Study 4 Dromedary Pastoralism
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DROMEDARY PASTORALISM IN AFRIOA AND
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DROMEDARY PASTORAUSM IN AFRIOA AND
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276 IMPROVEMENT OF TROPIOAL AND SUB
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278 IMPROVEMENT OF TROPIOAL AND 8UB
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282 IMPROVDaNT0' TROPIOAL AND SUBTR
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284 IMPROVEMENT OF TROPICAL AND SUB
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Case Study 6 The Marri Baluch ofPak
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290 IMPROVEMENT 0' TROPIOAL AND SUB
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Case Study 7 Changing Patterns ofRe
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~ IMPROVEMENT OF TROP/GAL AND SUBTR
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30& IMPROVBlD:NT OF TROPICAL AND SU
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310 IMPROVI:ID:NT OF TROP/GAL AND B
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Case Study 8 Kenya: Seeking Remedie
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Case Study 10 Wildlife Land Use at
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33" IMPROVEMENT 0' TROPICAL AND SUB
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338 IMPROVEMENT OF TROPIOALAND SUBT
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3.2 IMPROVIlMIlNT 0' TROPICAL AND S
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3« IMPROVEMENT OF TROPIOAL AND SUB
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3" IMPROVEAaNT OF TROPICAL AND SUBT
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Case Study 12 The Potential of Faid
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352 IMPROVEMENT 0' TROPICAL AND SUB
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356 IMPROVEMENT 01' TROPIOAL AND SU
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360 IMPROVEMENT 01' TROPICAL AND SU
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3M IMPROVEMENT OF TROPIOAL AND SUBT
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Case Study 13 Improving Nigeria's A
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370 Board on Science and Technology
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372 technologies in developine coun
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ham_ saline reeourcee that are sene
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376 scientists who were brought tog
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378 T.O.O.L. Publication, Entropotd
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