A Rationale-based Model for Architecture Design Reasoning

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6.3. Architecture elements 1. SQL Lookup is a class to locate a SQL statement based on the required business function; 2. Generic Reporting Function specifies the format of report; and 3. De-normalised Sales Table supplies the data. Together these AEs influence the decision AR2 such that the optimal way to implement the design is to use embedded SQL statements in stored procedures. This design process continues as architects make design decisions by following design principles to satisfy requirements and create data models, design objects or implementation artefacts. The relationships between AEs and AR are connected by ≪ARtrace≫ links. 6.3 Architecture elements In AREL, architecture elements AEs are artefacts that form part of the architecture design. They comprise the business requirements to be satisfied, the technical and organisational constraints on the architecture design, the assumptions that need to be observed and the design objects that are the results of the architecture design. Architecture elements can be classified by a related set of concerns called viewpoints [70]. The purpose of such classification is to have a focus on the different perspectives of architecture design. Although there may be many ways to model viewpoints based on specific sets of perspectives [82, 63, 89], there are common viewpoints which are general to most software architectures. Using TOGAF as an example [164], we have selected four generic viewpoints (Business, Data, Applications and Technology) to classify AEs. Figure 6.4 is a UML diagram which outlines the basic classification of the architecture elements and their viewpoints. The Business Viewpoint contains architecture elements such as functional and non-functional requirements, business, system and technology environments. These are the main drivers of the architecture design. Design objects are architecture elements classified by the Data, Application or Technology Viewpoints. An architecture element can be a motivational reason (i.e. an input) to a decision or an outcome of a decision or both. 87
6.3. Architecture elements Figure 6.4: A Composition of Architecture Elements Architecture Element as a Motivational Reason 1. Requirements - they are goals to motivate the design of the system. Examples are functional and non-functional requirements. 2. Assumptions - explicit documentation of the unknowns or the expectations provides a context to decision making. 3. Constraints - they are the limitations to what can be achieved. They may be of a technical, business, organisational or other nature. 4. Design Objects - the way one design object behaves may influence architecture design in other parts of a system by limiting the available design options. Architecture Element as a Design Outcome 1. Design Objects - a design object is a result of an architecture decision to satisfy the motivational reasons. 2. Refined Design Objects - design objects can be refined as a result of a decision. In the TOGAF framework, requirements are classified by the business viewpoint. We generalise the idea of the business viewpoint to include requirements and environmental factors. We call them architecture design drivers. We create five categories in the business 88
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A Rationale-based Model for Archite
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maintenance. These techniques can h
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Declaration This thesis contains no
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2.2.6 DoD Architecture Framework .
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5.4.6 Risk assessment in architectu
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8.2 The architecture rationalisatio
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12.2 Contributions . . . . . . . .
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6.10 ≪AR≫ and ≪AAR≫ Stereot
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11.13A Process to Synchronise Chang
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5.13 Design Rationale Helps Evaluat
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that architecture design is highly
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1.2. Research motivations and resea
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1.2. Research motivations and resea
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1.4. Structure of the thesis the ch
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Part I Problem Analysis 10
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2.1. Industry practice of design ra
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2.2. Architecture frameworks and de
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Chapter 3 Related work in design ra
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3.2. Why do we need design rational
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3.2. Why do we need design rational
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3.3. Existing methods for capturing
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Page 99 and 100: Part III The Representation and App
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Page 121 and 122: 6.7. AREL usability AE by ≪AEsupe
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8.2. The architecture rationalisati
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8.3. Other applications of ARM As d
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8.3. Other applications of ARM Figu
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8.3. Other applications of ARM area
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Chapter 9 Architecture rationale an
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9.1. Background 9.1 Background In t
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9.2. Traceability of architecture r
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9.4. AREL and eAREL traceability ap
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Chapter 10 Architecture decision de
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10.1. Background 10.1.2 Introductio
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10.2. Building a BBN to represent a
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10.3. Reasoning about change impact
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10.5. Summary design object may cau
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11.1. Capturing architecture design
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11.1. Capturing architecture design
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11.2. Checking AREL models Figure 1
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11.3. Tracing AREL models Figure 11
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11.4. Analysing AREL with BBN • S
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11.5. Limitations Figure 11.13: A P
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Chapter 12 Conclusions 12.1 Summary
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12.2. Contributions reasoning metho
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12.2. Contributions implementations
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12.3. Future work architecture deci
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12.3. Future work to examine the co
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BIBLIOGRAPHY [10] B. W. Boehm, Soft
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BIBLIOGRAPHY [37] A. Eden and R. Ka
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BIBLIOGRAPHY [62] J. D. Herbsleb an
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BIBLIOGRAPHY [89] N. Lassing, D. Ri
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BIBLIOGRAPHY [115] D. L. Parnas,
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BIBLIOGRAPHY [142] Z. Simsek and J.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY [167] W. F. Tichy, N.
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Appendix A AREL Tool User Manual 1
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4.1 AREL Check Model When the Check
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4.2 AREL Model Tracing AREL model t
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Figure 9 - result of downward trace
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To initiate the graph’s creation,
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onto the diagram 14 Assign values t
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Useful Definitions The following ar
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) Some projects only c) Not at all
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19. I revisit architecture design d
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Complaint Procedure If you have any
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Privacy Protection Only investigato
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B. Exploring design reasoning. 1. W
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3. Why does the system use asynchro
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C. General Comments on AREL Modelli
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IEEE Computer Society Press. A. Tan
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