A Rationale-based Model for Architecture Design Reasoning

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6.6. A UML representation of AREL and eAREL of an ≪ARtrace≫ indicates causality. The reverse direction indicates the implied dependency. This relationship is used for traceability (described in Chapter 9) and impact analysis (described in Chapters 9 and 10). Figure 6.11: ≪ARtrace≫ Stereotype Figure 6.11 shows the ≪ARtrace≫ stereotype which extends the UML Association relationship. Using a relationship AE1-AR1-AE2, for instance, there are two causal links or ARtraces depicted by ARtrace1 and ARtrace2. ARtrace1 has a cause of AE1 and an effect of AR1. ARtrace2 has a cause of AR1 and an effect of AE2. The currFlag indicates whether this link is current or if it has been superseded. 6.6.4 The AE and AR supersedence stereotypes Systems naturally evolve during the development and maintenance phases of their lifecycles. AREL provides the as-is view of the architecture design and decisions. A historical trace is provided by eAREL to capture evolving elements. Figure 6.12 shows the UML stereotypes ≪AEsupersede≫ and ≪ARsupersede≫, that extend UML Association to link current AE and AR to historical AE and AR, respectively. Figure 6.12: ≪AEsupersede≫ and ≪ARsupersede≫ Stereotypes The ≪AEsupersede≫ stereotype provides an association between different versions of an AE over time. A new evolution of the architecture element is a new entity identified uniquely by the same elementID together with a new version number in elementVersion. An architecture element contains a history of all its previous versions through a chain of ≪AEsupersede≫ relationships. A current AE has a current ≪ARtrace≫ link with an AR. Superseded AEs are stored as historical records and they are linked to the current 101
6.7. AREL usability AE by ≪AEsupersede≫ links. As mentioned in the last section, all ≪ARtrace≫ links in a superseded AE are made non-current. Similarly, ≪ARsupersede≫ link connects current AR to superseded AR. Non-current or superseded ARs retain historical links (i.e. ARtrace.currFlag=FALSE) to AEs so that past ≪ARtrace≫ relationships are not lost. The replacement or the current AR would maintain the current ≪ARtrace≫ links (i.e. ARtrace.currFlag=TRUE) to all AEs. The introduction of eAREL in the architecture model creates complexity in the model because multiple versions of AR and AE and their relationships are kept. However, it is possible to manage this complexity through proper tool implementation by selectively showing or hiding the information as required. When architects need to trace architecture evolution, the hidden relationships can be exposed through specific tool functions. 6.6.5 AREL well-formedness in UML Given that AREL relies on UML extension, of which there is no support for checking model well-formedness, we require some methods to check the integrity of AREL so that any mistakes can be detected. In particular, the following well-formedness rules of AREL must be validated: • Architecture decision - each architecture rationale AR must have an input AE and an outcome AE. A decision node AR can neither be a root node nor a leaf node in the AREL model. • Architecture element - an architecture element AE cannot be linked to another architecture element AE without an architecture rationale AR. • Acyclic graph - the graph must be acyclic. The AREL Tool carries out consistency checking to ensure that the AREL model is well-formed. This is described in details in Chapter 11. 6.7 AREL usability As discussed in Chapter 3, there are challenges in creating a design rationale method that can easily be used by practitioners. The existing design rationale methods that we have reviewed do not have all the required features (see Table 3.1). We intend to overcome these 102
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A Rationale-based Model for Archite
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maintenance. These techniques can h
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Declaration This thesis contains no
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2.2.6 DoD Architecture Framework .
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5.4.6 Risk assessment in architectu
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8.2 The architecture rationalisatio
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12.2 Contributions . . . . . . . .
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6.10 ≪AR≫ and ≪AAR≫ Stereot
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11.13A Process to Synchronise Chang
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5.13 Design Rationale Helps Evaluat
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that architecture design is highly
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1.2. Research motivations and resea
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1.2. Research motivations and resea
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1.4. Structure of the thesis the ch
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Part I Problem Analysis 10
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2.1. Industry practice of design ra
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2.2. Architecture frameworks and de
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Chapter 3 Related work in design ra
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3.2. Why do we need design rational
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3.2. Why do we need design rational
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3.3. Existing methods for capturing
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3.4. Other related studies 3.3.7 Qu
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3.4. Other related studies evolutio
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3.5. How well design rationale meth
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3.5. How well design rationale meth
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Chapter 4 Research methodology and
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4.1. Software engineering research
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9.1. Background 9.1 Background In t
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9.2. Traceability of architecture r
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9.4. AREL and eAREL traceability ap
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Chapter 10 Architecture decision de
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10.1. Background 10.1.2 Introductio
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10.2. Building a BBN to represent a
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10.3. Reasoning about change impact
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10.5. Summary design object may cau
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11.1. Capturing architecture design
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11.1. Capturing architecture design
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11.2. Checking AREL models Figure 1
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11.3. Tracing AREL models Figure 11
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11.4. Analysing AREL with BBN • S
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11.5. Limitations Figure 11.13: A P
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Chapter 12 Conclusions 12.1 Summary
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12.2. Contributions reasoning metho
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12.2. Contributions implementations
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12.3. Future work architecture deci
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12.3. Future work to examine the co
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BIBLIOGRAPHY [10] B. W. Boehm, Soft
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BIBLIOGRAPHY [37] A. Eden and R. Ka
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BIBLIOGRAPHY [62] J. D. Herbsleb an
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BIBLIOGRAPHY [89] N. Lassing, D. Ri
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BIBLIOGRAPHY [115] D. L. Parnas,
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BIBLIOGRAPHY [142] Z. Simsek and J.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY [167] W. F. Tichy, N.
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Appendix A AREL Tool User Manual 1
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4.1 AREL Check Model When the Check
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4.2 AREL Model Tracing AREL model t
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Figure 9 - result of downward trace
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To initiate the graph’s creation,
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onto the diagram 14 Assign values t
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Useful Definitions The following ar
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) Some projects only c) Not at all
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19. I revisit architecture design d
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Complaint Procedure If you have any
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Privacy Protection Only investigato
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B. Exploring design reasoning. 1. W
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3. Why does the system use asynchro
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C. General Comments on AREL Modelli
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IEEE Computer Society Press. A. Tan
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