A Rationale-based Model for Architecture Design Reasoning

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3.3. Existing methods for capturing and representing design rationale 3.3.6 Views and Beyond (V&B) Views and Beyond is a collection of methods proposed by Clements et al. to document software architecture [23]. It proposes a number of view types to represent software architecture: Module Viewtype, Component-and-Connector Viewtype and the Allocation Viewtype. Each viewtype gives a different perspective of the structure of the system. For instance, the module viewtype has several representation styles such as decomposition of code and layering of modules. As well as documenting what the architecture is, they argue that it is important to document why the architecture is what it is. Many decisions are made in a design and not all decisions need to be justified. A number of principles to guide decision documentation are suggested: • Design team have spent significant time evaluating the options for the decision • Decision is critical to the achievement of the requirement/goal • Decision requires considerations of non-trivial background information • Issues in a non trivial decision • Decision has a widespread implication to the rest of the architecture design and will be difficult to undo • It is more cost-effective to document the decision now rather than later Similar to ADDT, they take a pragmatic approach to documenting design rationale. Instead of documenting the deliberation relationship, the following information, which is centric to a decision, is documented: • Decision - a summary of the decision • Constraints - key constraints that rule out possibilities • Alternatives - options that have been considered and the reasons of ruling them out • Effects - the implications and ramifications of the decision • Evidence - any confirmation that the decision was a good one This list of design rationales can be easily mapped to the ADDT template. ADDT provides a more comprehensive classification to assist designers to capture all the design rationale. The V&B template is more general and easier to implement. 37
3.4. Other related studies 3.3.7 Quantitative reasoning methods Architecture design involves the selection of an optimal solution by eliminating inferior design alternatives. One way to facilitate such selection process is to quantify the design options in some ways. There are a number of methods which use quantitative analysis as a mean in the selection process. Architecture Tradeoff Analysis Method (ATAM) is a method to use tradeoffs to justify architecture design decisions [8]. ATAM method does the following: • Identify the quality attributes as goals in a decision • Assign relative priority to the goals • Identify the architecture approaches (i.e. options) • Create an utility tree to list the quality attributes, their attribute refinements and the scenarios • Carry out an analysis of the alternative approaches by investigating the sensitivity points (i.e. which quality attributes are affected), the tradeoff points (i.e. compromise required in order to satisfy the quality attributes), risks and non-risks Cost Benefit Analysis Method (CBAM) considers the costs and benefits which are associated with the decisions. The method calculates the expected return of an architecture strategy by weighing up the benefits and the costs. The benefits and the costs are computed by calculating the weighted benefits and the weighted costs of all related scenarios. This weighted method provides a quantifiable justification for making decisions [4]. ArchDesigner involves stakeholders to prioritise the quality attributes. Architects would elicit the impact of different architecture design options on the quality attributes. Then using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to compute the value scores, they select the optimal design alternative to satisfy the goal [2]. 3.4 Other related studies A number of studies in the other areas of software engineering are relevant to design rationale. Design rationalisation is an integral part of the the design process which uses requirements to drive decision making. Therefore, some studies in the requirements engineering and non-functional requirements domains are relevant to this work. When design 38
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A Rationale-based Model for Archite
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maintenance. These techniques can h
Page 5 and 6: Declaration This thesis contains no
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6.3. Architecture elements Figure 6
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6.4. Architecture rationale Figure
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6.4. Architecture rationale • ris
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6.4. Architecture rationale depicts
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6.5. The extended AREL To prevent c
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6.6. A UML representation of AREL a
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6.6. A UML representation of AREL a
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6.7. AREL usability AE by ≪AEsupe
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6.8. Summary The AREL model is exte
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7.1. The EFT system reasoning, a co
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7.1. The EFT system The processing
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7.1. The EFT system not chosen beca
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7.1. The EFT system Figure 7.5: Int
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7.1. The EFT system sequence checki
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7.1. The EFT system Figure 7.7: Dec
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7.1. The EFT system Therefore, in a
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7.1. The EFT system Figure 7.10: De
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7.2. An empirical study to validate
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7.3. Summary The case study is spec
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8.1. Background Based on these assu
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8.2. The architecture rationalisati
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8.3. Other applications of ARM As d
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8.3. Other applications of ARM Figu
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8.3. Other applications of ARM area
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Chapter 9 Architecture rationale an
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9.1. Background 9.1 Background In t
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9.2. Traceability of architecture r
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9.4. AREL and eAREL traceability ap
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Chapter 10 Architecture decision de
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10.1. Background 10.1.2 Introductio
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10.2. Building a BBN to represent a
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10.3. Reasoning about change impact
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10.5. Summary design object may cau
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11.1. Capturing architecture design
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11.1. Capturing architecture design
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11.2. Checking AREL models Figure 1
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11.3. Tracing AREL models Figure 11
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11.4. Analysing AREL with BBN • S
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11.5. Limitations Figure 11.13: A P
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Chapter 12 Conclusions 12.1 Summary
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12.2. Contributions reasoning metho
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12.2. Contributions implementations
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12.3. Future work architecture deci
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12.3. Future work to examine the co
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BIBLIOGRAPHY [10] B. W. Boehm, Soft
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BIBLIOGRAPHY [37] A. Eden and R. Ka
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BIBLIOGRAPHY [62] J. D. Herbsleb an
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BIBLIOGRAPHY [89] N. Lassing, D. Ri
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BIBLIOGRAPHY [115] D. L. Parnas,
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BIBLIOGRAPHY [142] Z. Simsek and J.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY [167] W. F. Tichy, N.
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Appendix A AREL Tool User Manual 1
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4.1 AREL Check Model When the Check
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4.2 AREL Model Tracing AREL model t
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Figure 9 - result of downward trace
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To initiate the graph’s creation,
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onto the diagram 14 Assign values t
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Useful Definitions The following ar
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) Some projects only c) Not at all
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19. I revisit architecture design d
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Complaint Procedure If you have any
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Privacy Protection Only investigato
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B. Exploring design reasoning. 1. W
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3. Why does the system use asynchro
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C. General Comments on AREL Modelli
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IEEE Computer Society Press. A. Tan
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A Rationale-based Model for Architecture Design Reasoning

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