A Rationale-based Model for Architecture Design Reasoning

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4.3 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 II Architecture Design Rationale Practice in the Software Industry 52 5 A survey of the use of architecture rationale 53 5.1 Architecture rationale in the software industry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 5.1.1 Design rationale approaches in software engineering . . . . . . . . . 55 5.1.2 Generic design rationale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 5.2 Survey methodology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 5.3 Survey findings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 5.3.1 Demographic data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 5.3.2 Job nature of architects / designers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 5.3.3 Designer’s perception of the importance of design rationale . . . . . 61 5.3.4 Using design rationale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 5.3.5 Documenting design rationale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 5.3.6 Comparing usage and documentation of design rationale . . . . . . . 69 5.3.7 Design rationale and system maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 5.3.8 Risk as a design rationale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 5.4 Discussion of findings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 5.4.1 Different forms of design rationale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 5.4.2 The role of an architect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 5.4.3 Designers’ attitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 5.4.4 Necessity for design rationale documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 5.4.5 Design rationale to support impact analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 vii
5.4.6 Risk assessment in architecture design reasoning . . . . . . . . . . . 77 5.4.7 Methodology support for design rationale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 5.4.8 Tool support for design rationale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 5.5 Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 5.6 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 III The Representation and Applications of Architecture Design Rationale 80 6 Representing architecture design rationale 81 6.1 A conceptual model for design reasoning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 6.2 Architecture Rationale and Elements Linkage (AREL) . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 6.3 Architecture elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 6.4 Architecture rationale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 6.4.1 Qualitative rationale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 6.4.2 Quantitative rationale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 6.4.3 Alternative architecture rationale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 6.4.4 Avoiding cyclic decisions in AREL models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 6.5 The extended AREL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 6.6 A UML representation of AREL and eAREL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 6.6.1 The architecture element stereotype . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 6.6.2 The architecture rationale stereotype . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 6.6.3 The architecture trace stereotype . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 6.6.4 The AE and AR supersedence stereotypes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 viii
Page 1 and 2: A Rationale-based Model for Archite
Page 3 and 4: maintenance. These techniques can h
Page 5 and 6: Declaration This thesis contains no
Page 7: 2.2.6 DoD Architecture Framework .
Page 11 and 12: 8.2 The architecture rationalisatio
Page 13 and 14: 12.2 Contributions . . . . . . . .
Page 15 and 16: 6.10 ≪AR≫ and ≪AAR≫ Stereot
Page 17 and 18: 11.13A Process to Synchronise Chang
Page 19 and 20: 5.13 Design Rationale Helps Evaluat
Page 21 and 22: that architecture design is highly
Page 23 and 24: 1.2. Research motivations and resea
Page 25 and 26: 1.2. Research motivations and resea
Page 27 and 28: 1.4. Structure of the thesis the ch
Page 29 and 30: Part I Problem Analysis 10
Page 31 and 32: 2.1. Industry practice of design ra
Page 33 and 34: 2.2. Architecture frameworks and de
Page 43 and 44: Chapter 3 Related work in design ra
Page 45 and 46: 3.2. Why do we need design rational
Page 47 and 48: 3.2. Why do we need design rational
Page 49 and 50: 3.3. Existing methods for capturing
Page 57 and 58: 3.4. Other related studies 3.3.7 Qu
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3.4. Other related studies evolutio
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3.5. How well design rationale meth
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3.5. How well design rationale meth
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Chapter 4 Research methodology and
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4.1. Software engineering research
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4.2. The chosen research and valida
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Part II Architecture Design Rationa
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on a regular basis. Their inputs ha
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5.1. Architecture rationale in the
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5.2. Survey methodology data collec
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5.3. Survey findings experience). I
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5.3. Survey findings Table 5.1: Fre
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5.3. Survey findings Business Goals
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5.3. Survey findings 5.3.5 Document
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5.3. Survey findings Table 5.8 summ
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5.3. Survey findings We used Spearm
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5.3. Survey findings previous desig
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5.4. Discussion of findings Since t
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5.4. Discussion of findings or cons
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5.5. Limitations and use design rat
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Part III The Representation and App
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6.1. A conceptual model for design
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6.2. Architecture Rationale and Ele
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6.2. Architecture Rationale and Ele
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6.3. Architecture elements Figure 6
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6.4. Architecture rationale Figure
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6.4. Architecture rationale • ris
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6.4. Architecture rationale depicts
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6.5. The extended AREL To prevent c
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6.6. A UML representation of AREL a
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6.6. A UML representation of AREL a
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6.7. AREL usability AE by ≪AEsupe
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6.8. Summary The AREL model is exte
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7.1. The EFT system reasoning, a co
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7.1. The EFT system The processing
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7.1. The EFT system not chosen beca
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7.1. The EFT system Figure 7.5: Int
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7.1. The EFT system sequence checki
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7.1. The EFT system Figure 7.7: Dec
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7.1. The EFT system Therefore, in a
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7.1. The EFT system Figure 7.10: De
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7.2. An empirical study to validate
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7.3. Summary The case study is spec
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8.1. Background Based on these assu
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8.2. The architecture rationalisati
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8.3. Other applications of ARM As d
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8.3. Other applications of ARM Figu
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8.3. Other applications of ARM area
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Chapter 9 Architecture rationale an
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9.1. Background 9.1 Background In t
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9.2. Traceability of architecture r
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9.4. AREL and eAREL traceability ap
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Chapter 10 Architecture decision de
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10.1. Background 10.1.2 Introductio
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10.2. Building a BBN to represent a
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10.3. Reasoning about change impact
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10.5. Summary design object may cau
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11.1. Capturing architecture design
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11.1. Capturing architecture design
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11.2. Checking AREL models Figure 1
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11.3. Tracing AREL models Figure 11
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11.4. Analysing AREL with BBN • S
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11.5. Limitations Figure 11.13: A P
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Chapter 12 Conclusions 12.1 Summary
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12.2. Contributions reasoning metho
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12.2. Contributions implementations
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12.3. Future work architecture deci
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12.3. Future work to examine the co
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BIBLIOGRAPHY [10] B. W. Boehm, Soft
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BIBLIOGRAPHY [37] A. Eden and R. Ka
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BIBLIOGRAPHY [62] J. D. Herbsleb an
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BIBLIOGRAPHY [89] N. Lassing, D. Ri
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BIBLIOGRAPHY [115] D. L. Parnas,
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BIBLIOGRAPHY [142] Z. Simsek and J.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY [167] W. F. Tichy, N.
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Appendix A AREL Tool User Manual 1
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4.1 AREL Check Model When the Check
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4.2 AREL Model Tracing AREL model t
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Figure 9 - result of downward trace
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To initiate the graph’s creation,
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onto the diagram 14 Assign values t
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Useful Definitions The following ar
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) Some projects only c) Not at all
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19. I revisit architecture design d
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Complaint Procedure If you have any
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Privacy Protection Only investigato
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B. Exploring design reasoning. 1. W
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3. Why does the system use asynchro
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C. General Comments on AREL Modelli
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IEEE Computer Society Press. A. Tan
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