A Rationale-based Model for Architecture Design Reasoning

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2.3. Summary 2.3 Summary There are many software development standards and methodologies to improve the quality of the system and better the chance of success in IT projects. However, IT project failures are still frequently experienced. There are many reasons for such failures. One of those reasons is a lack of a structured approach to making and validating decisions in architecture design. The existing practice of loosely or not documenting design rationale hamper the decision making and validation process. Although architecture frameworks have acknowledged the need for design rationale capture, the practice of systematic design rationalisation is uncommon and an investigation into this area is required. 23
Chapter 3 Related work in design rationale Information system design is a process of creating tangibles artefacts to meet the needs of business and organisations. During this process, designers create or design tangible solutions to meet intangible goals. Such creations involve creative thinking, design knowledge as well as the designer’s interpretation and preferences. The nature of the design process is not how things are, as in natural science, but is concerned with how things ought to be with devising artefacts to attain goals. Goals are satisficed by better or worse designs through searching and selecting from a set of alternatives which are not“given” but must be synthesised [141]. Rittel and Webber [134] viewed deign as a process of negotiation and deliberation. They suggested that design is a “wicked problem” in which it does not have a well-defined set of potential solutions. Even though the act of design is a logical process, it is subject to how a designer handles the wicked problem. Singley and Carroll [143] suggested five distinct ways of bringing psychological constraints to bear on the design process. They analysed the positive psychological effects a design promotes and the negative effects it mitigates by using this taxonomy of design reasoning. The choices a designer makes are a result of a design reasoning process. This design reasoning process may differ from designer to designer, and probably would change over time. It is often just intuitively used by designers. In order to understand this design reasoning process, one has to examine how synthesised artefacts satisfice their design goals. This in turn requires relevant design rationale to be made explicit for examination. In this chapter, we examine the nature of design rationale and how it works for design and maintenance. We summarise the current design rationale methods and discuss their capabilities and shortcomings. 24
Page 1 and 2: A Rationale-based Model for Archite
Page 3 and 4: maintenance. These techniques can h
Page 5 and 6: Declaration This thesis contains no
Page 7 and 8: 2.2.6 DoD Architecture Framework .
Page 9 and 10: 5.4.6 Risk assessment in architectu
Page 11 and 12: 8.2 The architecture rationalisatio
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Page 15 and 16: 6.10 ≪AR≫ and ≪AAR≫ Stereot
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Page 23 and 24: 1.2. Research motivations and resea
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Page 27 and 28: 1.4. Structure of the thesis the ch
Page 29 and 30: Part I Problem Analysis 10
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Page 71 and 72: Part II Architecture Design Rationa
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5.4. Discussion of findings Since t
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5.4. Discussion of findings or cons
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5.5. Limitations and use design rat
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Part III The Representation and App
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6.1. A conceptual model for design
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6.2. Architecture Rationale and Ele
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6.2. Architecture Rationale and Ele
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6.3. Architecture elements Figure 6
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6.4. Architecture rationale Figure
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6.4. Architecture rationale • ris
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6.4. Architecture rationale depicts
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6.5. The extended AREL To prevent c
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6.6. A UML representation of AREL a
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6.6. A UML representation of AREL a
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6.7. AREL usability AE by ≪AEsupe
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6.8. Summary The AREL model is exte
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7.1. The EFT system reasoning, a co
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7.1. The EFT system The processing
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7.1. The EFT system not chosen beca
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7.1. The EFT system Figure 7.5: Int
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7.1. The EFT system sequence checki
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7.1. The EFT system Figure 7.7: Dec
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7.1. The EFT system Therefore, in a
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7.1. The EFT system Figure 7.10: De
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7.2. An empirical study to validate
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7.3. Summary The case study is spec
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8.1. Background Based on these assu
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8.2. The architecture rationalisati
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8.3. Other applications of ARM As d
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8.3. Other applications of ARM Figu
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8.3. Other applications of ARM area
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Chapter 9 Architecture rationale an
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9.1. Background 9.1 Background In t
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9.2. Traceability of architecture r
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9.4. AREL and eAREL traceability ap
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Chapter 10 Architecture decision de
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10.1. Background 10.1.2 Introductio
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10.2. Building a BBN to represent a
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10.3. Reasoning about change impact
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10.5. Summary design object may cau
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11.1. Capturing architecture design
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11.1. Capturing architecture design
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11.2. Checking AREL models Figure 1
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11.3. Tracing AREL models Figure 11
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11.4. Analysing AREL with BBN • S
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11.5. Limitations Figure 11.13: A P
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Chapter 12 Conclusions 12.1 Summary
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12.2. Contributions reasoning metho
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12.2. Contributions implementations
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12.3. Future work architecture deci
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12.3. Future work to examine the co
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BIBLIOGRAPHY [10] B. W. Boehm, Soft
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BIBLIOGRAPHY [37] A. Eden and R. Ka
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BIBLIOGRAPHY [62] J. D. Herbsleb an
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BIBLIOGRAPHY [89] N. Lassing, D. Ri
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BIBLIOGRAPHY [115] D. L. Parnas,
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BIBLIOGRAPHY [142] Z. Simsek and J.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY [167] W. F. Tichy, N.
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Appendix A AREL Tool User Manual 1
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4.1 AREL Check Model When the Check
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4.2 AREL Model Tracing AREL model t
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Figure 9 - result of downward trace
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To initiate the graph’s creation,
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onto the diagram 14 Assign values t
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Useful Definitions The following ar
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) Some projects only c) Not at all
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19. I revisit architecture design d
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Complaint Procedure If you have any
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Privacy Protection Only investigato
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B. Exploring design reasoning. 1. W
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3. Why does the system use asynchro
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C. General Comments on AREL Modelli
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IEEE Computer Society Press. A. Tan
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