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Hassan Sherwani ROLE OF SALES AND MARKETING IN ... - Oulu

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54<br />

regard management as responsible for creating an atmosphere and culture of cooperation<br />

that will lead to diminished interdepartmental friction and enhance the prerequisites for<br />

collaboration. This statement is also shared by Matthyssens & Johnston (2006). Kotler et<br />

al. (2006) suggest implementing systems to monitor joint activities between marketing<br />

and sales, as well as creating shared information databases.<br />

3.4 Summary<br />

As it is established how theoretical framework highlights macro and micro environment<br />

issues. In addition, there is a middle component which consists of three key business<br />

trends within an energy based organization. These business trends are changing due to<br />

social and economic factors. These trends influence both macro and micro environment<br />

of energy business. It is time to see the holistic view of the overall frame work through<br />

figure 8. The figure shows how organization and its customers are surrounded by<br />

business environments. The macro component consists of economic factors,<br />

demographics, social conditions, technological changes, natural forces and government<br />

regulations. In this thesis work, the most significant portion of macro component is<br />

considered to be laws and government regulations.<br />

The middle component lies right between a firm and its customers. It may be seen as a<br />

communication channel. The component consists of changing trends in energy business<br />

industry. It starts from monopolist behavior to more open and liberal internationalized<br />

business environment. Other trend is of value creation. The value creation is for<br />

customer but, the extended form of it argues that customer can actually take part in cocreating<br />

value with the organization. Thus, co-creation concept is very novel and<br />

relatively new in electricity context. The third main varying trend is resource based<br />

view. In energy market, physical or natural resources are of key significance. There is an<br />

extension of this concept that advocates knowledge as a key resource for the company to<br />

harness its business operations. This concept may highlight the role of knowledge<br />

management within a company internally and knowledge about the industry and<br />

customers externally. Though value co-creation concept takes customers as part of<br />

family however; most of the companies take customers as external player. That is why it

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