Annual Report 2009-2010 - Ministry Of Earth Sciences

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Fig. 7.5: Theoretical model to explain the open ocean blooms 7.5 Ecosystem Modelling 7.5.1 Ecosystem Modelling for Chilika Lake The Chilika Lake productivity is governed by catchment modifications together with the opening of new mouths. In order to understand the hydrodynamics and biogeochemical changes that are prevalent in the ecosystem and the resultant changes on productivity, the present project has been taken up. The major aim of the project is to develop an ecosystem model in stages to predict primary, secondary and tertiary production and changing environmental conditions. a) Hydrodynamics modelling A 2-dimensional depth integrated MIKE 21 hydrodynamic flow model was used to simulate the water levels and flow field in the Chilka Lake. The field data collected at five stations simultaneously over a period of 30 days under NE monsoon conditions was used for calibrating and validating the model results. Based on HD model results the tidal propagation into the lake was studied. The tide excursion into the lake underwent drastic spatial variations. Based on the simulated hourly data over a period of 48 hours obtained from the model results, water and salt fluxes across the four sector regions (open channel, north sector, central sector and southern sector) were calculated. Results indicate that a net water flux of 413 cu.m/s and salt flux of 5797 cu.m/s was noticed in the central sector which indicates that the central sector is favourable for biological production when compared with the other sectors. It is estimated that a quantum of 2196 Million cu.m. is discharged into the lagoon from the gauged stream/ rivulets of the Western Catchment during 2009-10. 44 Ministry of Earth Sciences : Annual Report 2009-10
The streams/regulates from the Western Catchment flowing into the lagoon carries high quantum of sediment. It has been estimated that a total of 337954.70 mt of sediment is deposited into the lagoon from the gauged streams of the Western Catchment during 2009-10. b) Development of biogeochemical model and undertaking of required observations During the year 2009-10, monthly observations on DO, salinity, pH, turbidity, nitrite, nitrate, ammonia, phosphate, chlorophyll, macro algae, sea grass, phyto and zooplankton were carried out at 36 locations in the lagoon. Phytoplankton grazing and benthic chamber experiments were also conducted. The salient observations made from the data collected during 2009-10 are given in brief below: i) Dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) continues to make up 78% of Total Nitrogen in catchments entering the Lake. ii) Spatial distribution of salinity and other water quality variables (SPM, turbidity, DO, pH, DIN, DON as well as phosphates and silicates) exhibited significant (P=
Page 1: Annual Report 2009-2010 Ministry of
Page 5 and 6: Contents 1 An Overview of the Minis
Page 7: 12 International Cooperation 69 12.
Page 10 and 11: 1.1 The Organisational Chart Earth
Page 12 and 13: 2. The monsoon set in over Kerala o
Page 14 and 15: • Fog monitoring and forecasting
Page 16 and 17: A new system of visualisation will
Page 18 and 19: (0.015 ° C per year) in the tropic
Page 20 and 21: Fig. 3.1: Error estimate of wave fo
Page 22 and 23: Fig. 3.3: INCOIS MLD and Surface cu
Page 24 and 25: Fig. 3.5: Eco-morphological classes
Page 26 and 27: The GPS data is used for various st
Page 28 and 29: for biological studies. Moss inhabi
Page 30 and 31: Goa): Samples (water and sediment)
Page 32 and 33: 4 th Southern Ocean Expedition The
Page 34 and 35: 5.1.3 Technology Development (Extra
Page 36 and 37: Fig. 5.2: The partial claim of Indi
Page 38 and 39: The following are the major outcome
Page 40 and 41: 6 Ocean Technology The Ministry has
Page 42 and 43: Fig 6.3: Assembled unit of mining s
Page 44 and 45: een raised to 19m height. All these
Page 46 and 47: 1000 l capacity is being developed
Page 48 and 49: 7 Coastal and Marine Ecology A nati
Page 50 and 51: The major achievements made during
Page 54 and 55: - Irradiance experiments to develop
Page 56 and 57: BOD (
Page 58 and 59: 8 Climate Change Science 8.1 Introd
Page 60 and 61: at GAW stations, are sent to Centra
Page 62 and 63: year 2009-2010 (up to 31.12.2009),
Page 64 and 65: Meghalaya on 26 th and 27 th May. A
Page 66 and 67: Fig. 9.2: Inauguration of the Tsuna
Page 68 and 69: is an intra-cratonic rift, which fo
Page 70 and 71: iii) “Study of Contamination of E
Page 72 and 73: Fig. 10.2: 1 st prize: Master Pulak
Page 74 and 75: 11 Vessel Management The Ministry o
Page 76 and 77: • Sagar Paschimi was dry-docked a
Page 78 and 79: 13 Administrative Support The sanct
Page 80 and 81: 14 Use and Promotion of Hindi The M
Page 82 and 83: 16 Finance The total budget allocat
Page 84 and 85: 18 Representation of SCs/STs/OBCs i
Page 86 and 87: 19 Representation of Persons with D
Page 88 and 89: 20 Citizens’ Charter The Citizens
Page 90 and 91: 12. Francis P.A, and Sulochana Gadg
Page 92 and 93: Geophysical Research, 114, 2009, D1
Page 94 and 95: IAST ICG/IOTWS IISc IIT IITM IMD IN
Page 96: SASE BSIP DIPR ARMEX ICP-MS PRL SCA

Annual Report 2009-2010 - Ministry Of Earth Sciences

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