a socio-economic baseline assessment of the mnazi bay - IUCN

For traders: - where they buy their products (e.g. Local fishers, Mozambique).
- where they sell their products (Local/Park markets, Mtwara market, inland
markets, outside traders, agents, exporters etc.)
• Species targeted (according to season): which are the main species caught.
• Timing: the peak times of the year for fishers and for traders.
Attention will be drawn to seasons. Thus all items will be monitored according to season. It is
recommended that the above should be monitored every two to three years in the four most
important fishing villages in the Park Mkubiru, Msimbati, Mngoji and Tangazo. It should be also
monitored in Nalingu when this becomes possible. After external funding support to the MBREMP
reduces a routine of collecting the information every three to four years would be recommended for
the longer term.
Every five years an added aspect should be monitored:
• Perceived Changes: in catch (species and amount), in income in the last five years.
6.2.3.3 Method
The method suggested for monitoring resource use patterns is as described in this report and in the
training notes (Appendix 3). User based focus groups (fisher groups according to gear, shell fishers,
sea cucumber fishers, traders according to products) would be used, the participants would be
selected randomly according to the list of households provided by the occupational structure. They
could also be selected purposively ensuring that gender and age diversity is represented.
Analysis is qualitative and quantitative. Simple analysis can show changes in numbers of Park fishers
and traders, as well as the number of outsiders (a ratio for example), changes in locations, peak
seasons and species mostly targeted.
6.2.3.4 Who contributes to monitoring resource-use patterns?
Carrying out the focus groups (as many as 6 or 7 in each village) is time consuming, it is thus advised
that a team of locally based facilitators assist the MBREMP staff in this exercise as was done for this
study. The team will be provided with training and interview guides/forms designed by the MBREMP
with support from CORDIO. The data can be entered by MBREMP staff or the facilitators themselves
in the database according to a pre determined format.
Pre determined queries entered in the database will show the main changes per groups or villages.
6.2.4 Trade
6.2.4.1 Why monitor trade of sea cucumbers, shells and octopus?
Trading of shells, sea cucumbers, and octopus appeared as an important activity in the Park and is
influenced by local markets as well as by foreign markets. Monitoring the trade in the Park and
outside the Park will enable the Park to monitor where pressures on the resource come from. This
may be monitored by the fisheries monitoring programme, care will be taken to harmonise the two
processes if this is the case.
6.2.4.2 What to monitor, where and how frequently?
It is suggested that agents for sea cucumbers, shell and octopus should be counted every year and
the amounts traded of each product identified. Agents should be counted in Mtwara, as well as in
Msimbati, which is often where some exporters base themselves.
6.2.4.3 Method
It is suggested to do this through observation and semi structured interviews with the agents. Focus
will be to try and identify what proportion of the various marine products sold comes from the Park.
Prior to establishing the monitoring it would be worth visiting the agents and informing them of the
process, particularly of MBREMP’s interest to identify Park resources that are exported.
78