The Journal of the Siam Society Vol. LXXII, Part 1-2, 1984 - Khamkoo

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10 i· Suriya Ratanakul turn to Him for protection.*' On· the contrary they will seek help from spirits instead. The misfortune and suffering which the Karen often encounter in their life in the forests or on the hills does not make the Karen adopt a pessimistic attitud~ toward life. For them life is to be lived as fully as one can. One must accept the inevitable happenings in life with stiff-upper-lip and not :fight against them, as advised in (19) by the Wise Rabbit in a Karen popular folktale: (18} Chi?ri da Swa taka?no cbs? with engage in a wrestling match push against Ia? kho hi? ko · one another at ~he Salawin river .at the Maekhong river Chi?Ti and Swa, wrestling with one another in a drawnmatch, got stuck one against another at the area between the Salawin river and the Maekhong river.' 19} ma me*B pazo•ll }:>shwi I a when. if dragon following the course of a stream thi ma· me sepbu tha si? at water when if a big trunk of tree to go up in the direction of thi khi water tail · 'If (and only if} you can make a dragon follow the course of a stream, then you can make a big trunk of tree go up against the direction of the current' meaning •you cannot go against destiny'. Stoic acceptance of destiny and accommodation of oneself to that destiny are the chief characteristics of the Karen's philosophy of life.*IO This philosophy seems to be the result of the Karen's belief in their free choice of life* 11. Similarly death should *7 This is because the Karen do not regard s·wa as Almighty God and thai the Baptist missionaries identification of Swa ·with the Christian God is not accurate. In the Karen myth even Miik:Jii, His Mistress, could resist His power. In another myth S~a is also powerless against Chi?ri, the God of the Land.of the.Del!d, and hes to fight an endless batt)~ with this equally powerful god, as accounted in a Karen populer song (18) *8 me, a Karen copulative verb can be used in place of the conjunction "if" in a conditional proposition because the Karen language lacks the conjunction "if". This grammatical point is discussed in detail in my other paper (Ratanakul: 1982 b.). *9 p9zo is a legendary animal much· like the West em mythological dragon. The Karen dragon is said to detest water so much that it. rarely enters water. When it goes into water, it w'ill swim only against the current. *10 For the Karen suicide is not a sensible solution to life's problema. Those who commit suicide will be severely punished after death-- to commit suicide in every future life. * 11 In one Karen myth it is said that every man chooses the length of his life· span by telling Mlxakhi'B, the Record-Keeper, the number of years he wants his life to.last, Mlxakhl'a is· acting only as a recorder of man's choice and has no power to change man's decision.
A PROLEGOMENA ON TRADITIONAL WISDOM IN KAREN FOLKLORE 11 be accepted without grief or lamentation, for, as the Karen consoles the relatives of an untimely death of a man in (20) (20) pa ta? ra man one classifier for man ra classifier df?s5? h.s come pha? make a rendez-vous lo?sa? mixakhle resemble, to be like one another neg. part. d5? ta? try and see one ta neg. part. 'Each one made (a separate choice of) rendez-vous with mixakhla, (so) the span of life of each one is different'. Traditional entertainments : songs and riddles The form and content of Karen songs were already discussed in my other paper (Ratanakul 1978). Here it is to be noted that the Karen are people wtih poetic and musical ability. In a Karen village one usually finds a poet, mochO?, who is not only well versed in traditional songs but also capable of composing new songs for ~ew situations. Some of these now songs show the novelty and exceptional ability of their composer to write songs with combination of Karen and Thai words*I 2 It is a curious and little known fact that most of the Karen songs are sung at funerals (Ratanakul : 1978). Beside funerals, songs are sung on other occasions as well, e.g. the building of new houses, house-warming ceremony. solving. Apart from songs, another means of entertainment for the Karen is riddle Riddles, phi?pr ota, are usually used to test the wit of one another. The study of the ph1?pr ota will reveal both the interest of the Karen and their mode of living. The following phi?pr ota from (21) ~o (25) are some of the commonly known riddles: (21) ta chf?k.s ma ho ?a? pho thing small make cry one's child ·'One small thing that makes one's child cry'. The answer is chilly. ~ d ~ ~ d ~ ~ thing climb up tree thing carry big bronze drum 'One who climbs up tree while carrying a bronze drum? The answer is a snail. *12 These "new" songs may be regarded as an example of the Karen ability for cultural adaptation to Thai culture without the loss of their cultural identity.
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62 Cyril Skinner A year later, .the
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70 Cyril Skinner white cloth · wax
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72 Cyt~ Skinner 9 days later Si Bq
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90 Cyril Skinnet Appendix A Letter
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94 Cyril Skinner BIBLIOGRAPHY Chodm
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THE 1902 SIAMESE-KELANT AN TREATY :
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THE ,1902 SIAMESE-KELANTAN TREATY 9
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THE 1902 SIAMESE-KELANTAN TREATY 99
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THE 1902 SIAMESE~KELANTAN .TREATY 1
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THE 1902 $I.I\ME.$E-KELANT,AN TREAT
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THE 1902 SiAMESE-KELANTAN TREATY 10
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THE 1902 SIAMESE·KELANTAN TREATY 1
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THE 1902 SIAMESE-KELANTAN T.REATY 1
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THE 1902 SIAMESE -.KELAN1'AN TREATY
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THE 1902 SIAMESE·KELANTAN tREAtY 1
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THE 1902. S!AMESE-KELANTAN TREATY 1
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THE 1902 SIAMESE-KELANTi\N TREATY 1
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KEDAH, KELANTAN AND TRENGGANU 141 L
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KEDAR, KELANTAN AND TRENGGANU 143 T
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KEDAH, KELANTAN AND TRENGGANU 145 A
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KEDAR, KELANTAN AND TRENGGANU 147 b
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KEDAH, KELANTAN AND TRENGGANU 149 C
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KEDAR, KELANTAN AND TRENGGANU 153 b
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KEDAH, KELANTAN AND TRENGGANU 159 D
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KEDAH, KELANTAN AND TRENGGANU 161 m
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KEDAH, KELANTAN AND TRENGGANU 163 T
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KEDAH, KELANTAN AND TRENGGANU 165 S
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SANGHA ORGANIZATION IN 19TH CENTURY
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- - ---- THE SOVEREIGNTY OF DHAMMA
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BUDDHIST SOCIAL ETHICS IN RURAL THA
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VALUES OF THAI BUDDHISTS AND THAI C
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VALUES OF THAI BUDDillSTS AND THAI
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TABLE 1 Differences in Ratings of V
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VALUES OF THAI BUDDIDSTS AND THAI C
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NOTE 229 tion and use in the stimul
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REVIEWS Soedjatmoko, Development an
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C.l. Itty, ed., Searching for Asian
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REVIEWS 235 This Report presents th
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S. Sivaraksa, Chuang haeng cbiwit (
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REVIEWS 239 novice for at least a l
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d 0 c:&~91 'J)~ .... ( CI'2J1\'lilf
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Ernest Young, The Kingdom of the Ye
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Malcolm Smith, A Physician at the C
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Anuvit Charernsupkul, The Elements
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David A, Kohl, Chinese Architecture
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J. Westermeyer, Poppies, Pipes and
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Yoshito Yamane, Raosu ni sasageta w
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Victor B. Lieberman, Burmese Admini
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Khin Myo Chit, A Wonderland of Burm
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Mochtar Lubis, Twilight in Djakarta
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Sri Mulyono, Human Character in the
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David J. and Indrani Kalupahana Sha
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REVIEWS 265 Four profound and clear
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OBITUARY 267 mind, could not help a
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THE KAMTHIENG HOUSE ITS HISTORY AND
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Old Homes of Bangkok Fragile Link T
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REFLECTIONS ON THAI CULTURE Collect
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The Journal of the Siam Society Vol. LXXII, Part 1-2, 1984 - Khamkoo

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