Household Production and Consumption in Finland 2001

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Satellite account Satellite accounts are maintained separately from core accounts, yet conceptually the two systems are analogous. Their purpose is to allow for a more accurate focus on a certain field or aspect of economic and social life than is possible in the context of national accounts (SNA 1993, 2.246). Satellite accounting methods have been developed by various international organisations in collaboration with experts in this field. Guidelines jointly issued by the EU, UN, OECD and WTO are now in place for the compilation of a tourism satellite account. Finland published its first tourism satellite account in 2004 (Savela et al. 2004). In the past decade or so much effort has been devoted to developing the methods of household satellite accounting. Eurostat has commissioned and funded two methods reports (Varjonen et al. 1999 and Household production …2003). The present Satellite Account draws on the guidelines of these publications. Scope ofHousehold Satellite Account The Household Satellite Account covers the components of household production that are included in the core national accounts as well as those that are excluded from the core accounts. In other words, it includes all production by households for their own use. Table 1 illustrates the scope of the Household Satellite Account as well as the partial overlap between the satellite account and the core national accounts. Activities shown in italics are included in both accounts. This overlap is taken into account when the satellite account is integrated with the core accounts so as to avoid double counting. Table 1. Scope of the Household Satellite Account SNA production Non-SNA production Household Satellite Account Household production for own use Market production Volunteer production (goods) Housing services produced by owner- occupiers Own-account production (goods, particularly own-account construction of dwellings) Other services produced for own use Volunteer production (services) National Consumer Research Centre Statistics Finland 13
3 Methods and their development In Finland the first separate account of household production was compiled in 1943 when Valter Lindberg (1943) published his figures on the Finnish national income and household production (the value of labour) for 1926–1938. Since then the value of household labour has been measured in an extensive Housework Study by the Ministry of Social Affairs and Health (Kilpiö 1981, Säntti et al. 1982) and in Statistics Finland’s Household Satellite Account for 1990 (Vihavainen 1995). Hilkka Taimio (1991) at the Research Institute of the Finnish Economy compiled a historical series for the years 1860–1980. The above studies differ from one another both in terms of their methods and coverage. One of the novelties of the current satellite account is that calculations have been made separately for different types of households. Furthermore, production is divided between principal functions of household production: housing, meals and snacks, clothing, care, and volunteer work. The principal functions and their contents are described in more detail in Chapter 4.3. Furthermore, household production is integrated with the household sector in the core national accounts and to a certain extent with the whole economy. This allows us to see how the inclusion of household production in the accounts impacts overall consumption and household saving, for example. Valuation method No market value is attributed to household production because the output from this production is consumed in the same unit as it is produced. For this reason we need to use some other method to determine a value for this production. There are two alternative approaches: the input method that is based on costs or production inputs, and the output method. The respective formulae are presented below: INPUT APPROACH Value of labour (hours worked x imputed hourly wage rates) + other taxes on production – other subsidies on production = net value added + consumption of fixed capital = gross value added + intermediate consumption = value of total output (sum of costs) OUTPUT APPROACH Value of outputs (quantity x price) at market equivalent prices – intermediate consumption = gross value added – consumption of fixed capital = net value added – other taxes on production + other subsidies on production = mixed income (including compensation of labour and capital) 14 Statistics Finland National Consumer Research Centre
Page 1 and 2: Johanna Varjonen - Kristiina Aalto
Page 3 and 4: Tiedustelut - Förfrågningar - Inq
Page 5 and 6: On behalf of Statistics Finland and
Page 7 and 8: Contents Foreword . . . . . . . . .
Page 9 and 10: Figure 11 Shopping and travel relat
Page 11 and 12: Summary The Household Satellite Acc
Page 13: 2 Definitions and boundaries Househ
Page 17 and 18: 4 Household satellite account 2001
Page 19 and 20: Data from the National Accounts Nat
Page 21 and 22: Different studies have applied diff
Page 23 and 24: Table 3. Household capital goods, e
Page 25 and 26: 4.3 Principal functions of househol
Page 27 and 28: Travel and services related to hous
Page 29 and 30: food obtained through hunting, fish
Page 31 and 32: 5 Value ofhousehold production 5.1
Page 33 and 34: Structure ofproduction The focus in
Page 35 and 36: In other calculations shown in this
Page 37 and 38: Figure 2. Household production by p
Page 39 and 40: In the Satellite Account, however,
Page 41 and 42: The eating of snacks has become inc
Page 43 and 44: Care ofchildren and adults Childcar
Page 45 and 46: Volunteer work As the name implies,
Page 47 and 48: Shopping, services and travel relat
Page 49 and 50: Table 9. Percentage of household ty
Page 51 and 52: Figure 14. SNA and non-SNA househol
Page 53 and 54: When looking at income quintiles, t
Page 55 and 56: Examples of final consumption produ
Page 57 and 58: 45 and families with schoolchildren
Page 59 and 60: Figure 23. Volunteer work by type o
Page 61 and 62: 6.3 Conclusions by type ofhousehold
Page 63 and 64: 7 Integrating household production
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Production for own use accounts for
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million euros From household sector
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8 Discussion ofthe results and need
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Shopping, running errands and relat
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The data were well suited for the c
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however, it is always open to criti
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Holloway S, Short S, Tamplin S (200
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Varjonen J, Aalto K, Leskinen J (20
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Appendix 2. Principles for the clas
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Appenndix 3 (cont.) Principal Categ
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Appenndix 3 (cont.) Childcare and c
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Appenndix 3 (cont.) Shopping and se
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Appendix 5. Housing services produc
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Appendix 7. Production and income g
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Appendix 7 (cont.) PERSONS LIVING A
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Appendix 7 (cont.) COUPLES, 45-64 y
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Appendix 7 (cont.) SINGLE-PARENT FA
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Appendix 7 (cont.) FAMILIES WITH CH
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Appendix 7 (cont.) I-QUINTILE Milli
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Appendix 7 (cont.) III-QUINTILE Mil
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Appendix 7 (cont.) V-QUINTILE Milli
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Appendix 9. Sequence of extended ac
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Table 3. Household production as pa
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Household Production and Consumption in Finland 2001

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