Household Production and Consumption in Finland 2001

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Researchers in Australia have also calculated the value of household production for households at different life-stages (Ironmonger & Soupournas 2003). For these studies, life-stages were constructed by combining age and living with a partner/spouse. The results for 1993–94 are very similar to those reported in the current Satellite Account. In Australia the lowest value was recorded for persons aged around 20 and the highest in the age bracket 30–40, when most people have small or school-age children, while the figures were somewhat lower among persons aged 60–70 (value of production per adult 30,400, 45,400 and 36,200 Australian dollars). At all age stages people living with a partner/spouse recorded a higher value for household production than people who lived alone, even in per capita calculations. National Consumer Research Centre Statistics Finland 61
7 Integrating household production into the national accounts The basic idea of the Household Satellite Account is to calculate a monetary value for household production and to make it visible in economic terms. Further, the idea is to produce a module, a separate account that, if and where necessary, can be integrated with the national accounts. The integration of these different accounts will produce an extended account that describes the whole economy. Time series on this extended economy offer a different picture of economic development compared to the core accounts. According to research by Professor Duncan Ironmonger, household production and market production serve as buffers for each other so that during strong business cycles and increasing market production, household production will tend to recede; and during weak business cycles, the opposite is true. According to Ironmonger the ratio is not quite 1:1, but the factor value is around 0.8 (Ironmonger & Soupournas 2003). As yet no economic time series are available in Finland that cut across different business cycles. In the long term economies are affected not only by cyclical fluctuations, but also structural changes. Production shifts from one sector to another. These shifts may vary in direction and intensity at different stages of market economy development. It is widely agreed that the main trend is for production to shift from the household sector to the market economy, but it is possible that estimates have been exaggerated. There is also movement in the opposite direction, from the public and private sector to households, which may not have been fully recognized. At least it may be said that strong business development requires increased production in the household sector, too. One example is provided by the increased amount of time spent by households in the acquisition of goods and services (Varjonen & Aalto 2005). In the discussion that follows, household production is integrated with the household sector accounts of the national accounts and with parts of the whole system of accounts. All the figures are for 2001. 9 7.1 Integration with household sector accounts We begin by integrating household production with the household sector accounts in the system of national accounts. The sequence of household accounts is presented in detail in Tables 1 and 2 of Appendix 9. One factor that somewhat complicates the integration is that part of household production (13%) is already included in the national accounts. To avoid duplicate counting, a column has been added to the integrated tables under the heading: Adjustments (SNA – non-SNA). In the production account, generation of income account and capital account deductions are entered in 9 The FISIM (Financial Intermediation Services Indirectly Measured) methodological revisions made to the national accounts in summer 2005 have not been taken into account. Therefore the figures describe the situation in spring 2005. 62 Statistics Finland National Consumer Research Centre
Page 1 and 2:
Johanna Varjonen - Kristiina Aalto
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Tiedustelut - Förfrågningar - Inq
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On behalf of Statistics Finland and
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Contents Foreword . . . . . . . . .
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Figure 11 Shopping and travel relat
Page 11 and 12: Summary The Household Satellite Acc
Page 13 and 14: 2 Definitions and boundaries Househ
Page 15 and 16: 3 Methods and their development In
Page 17 and 18: 4 Household satellite account 2001
Page 19 and 20: Data from the National Accounts Nat
Page 21 and 22: Different studies have applied diff
Page 23 and 24: Table 3. Household capital goods, e
Page 25 and 26: 4.3 Principal functions of househol
Page 27 and 28: Travel and services related to hous
Page 29 and 30: food obtained through hunting, fish
Page 31 and 32: 5 Value ofhousehold production 5.1
Page 33 and 34: Structure ofproduction The focus in
Page 35 and 36: In other calculations shown in this
Page 37 and 38: Figure 2. Household production by p
Page 39 and 40: In the Satellite Account, however,
Page 41 and 42: The eating of snacks has become inc
Page 43 and 44: Care ofchildren and adults Childcar
Page 45 and 46: Volunteer work As the name implies,
Page 47 and 48: Shopping, services and travel relat
Page 49 and 50: Table 9. Percentage of household ty
Page 51 and 52: Figure 14. SNA and non-SNA househol
Page 53 and 54: When looking at income quintiles, t
Page 55 and 56: Examples of final consumption produ
Page 57 and 58: 45 and families with schoolchildren
Page 59 and 60: Figure 23. Volunteer work by type o
Page 61: 6.3 Conclusions by type ofhousehold
Page 65 and 66: Production for own use accounts for
Page 67 and 68: million euros From household sector
Page 69 and 70: 8 Discussion ofthe results and need
Page 71 and 72: Shopping, running errands and relat
Page 73 and 74: The data were well suited for the c
Page 75 and 76: however, it is always open to criti
Page 77 and 78: Holloway S, Short S, Tamplin S (200
Page 79 and 80: Varjonen J, Aalto K, Leskinen J (20
Page 81 and 82: Appendix 2. Principles for the clas
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Page 91 and 92: Appenndix 3 (cont.) Childcare and c
Page 93 and 94: Appenndix 3 (cont.) Shopping and se
Page 95 and 96: Appendix 5. Housing services produc
Page 97 and 98: Appendix 7. Production and income g
Page 99 and 100: Appendix 7 (cont.) PERSONS LIVING A
Page 101 and 102: Appendix 7 (cont.) COUPLES, 45-64 y
Page 103 and 104: Appendix 7 (cont.) SINGLE-PARENT FA
Page 105 and 106: Appendix 7 (cont.) FAMILIES WITH CH
Page 107 and 108: Appendix 7 (cont.) I-QUINTILE Milli
Page 109 and 110: Appendix 7 (cont.) III-QUINTILE Mil
Page 111 and 112: Appendix 7 (cont.) V-QUINTILE Milli
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Appendix 9. Sequence of extended ac
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Table 3. Household production as pa
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Household Production and Consumption in Finland 2001

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