SETP No. 14 The Economic Value of Incremental Employment in the ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Table 3-1 Construction industry contribution to GDP 1990 values R millions % of total GDP 1980 9,511 4.3% 1981 10,038 4.3% 1982 9,642 4.2% 1983 9,119 4.0% 1984 9,344 3.9% 1985 8,875 3.7% 1986 8,157 3.4% 1987 7,618 3.2% 1988 7,864 3.1% 1989 8,527 3.3% 1990 8,606 3.4% 1991 8,203 3.2% 1992 7,693 3.1% 1993 7,168 2.9% 1994 7,251 2.8% 1995 7,376 2.8% 1996 7,506 2.8% 1997 7,609 2.7% 1998 7,625 2.7% Source: SA Reserve Bank Quarterly Bulletins Construction Employment 3.5 The trend in contribution to GDP of the construction industry is reflected in the trend of both total employment and real wages in the construction industry. Total employment in the industry peaked at 427,000 in 1981 (see Table 3.1 and Figure 3.1). Since that time employment in the construction industry has declined consistently with an accelerated decline after 1990. 3.6 It is evident from both the diagram above and the table below that greatest reduction in the number of jobs has been to the coloured communities with the proportion of total employment falling from over 15% in the early 1980s to just over 11% by the late 1990s. 3.7 It is useful to read Table 3.2 in conjunction with Figure 3.3. Figure 3.3 (which is discussed more fully below) shows the relative performance of construction jobs to jobs in the rest of the country. It is possible to view the changes in the composition of employment as the result of a large scale search for cheaper labour. This view can be substantiated by noting how, in the period before 1992, the increased black and Asian share of jobs in construction. Following 1992, and the general job shedding in South Africa, the share of blacks in the construction industry has decline marginally. 5
Figure 3-2 Employment in the Construction Industry 500,000 450,000 400,000 350,000 Number of jobs 300,000 250,000 200,000 Black Asian Coloured White 150,000 100,000 50,000 - Jan- 80 Jan- 81 Jan- 82 Jan- 83 Jan- 84 Jan- 85 Jan- 86 Jan- 87 Jan- 88 Jan- 89 Jan- 90 Jan- 91 Jan- 92 Jan- 93 Jan- 94 Jan- 95 Jan- 96 Jan- 97 Table 3-2 Employment in the Construction Industry End of year Total jobs White Coloured Asian Black 1980 387,400 12.2% 15.5% 1.9% 70.4% 1981 427,700 11.8% 15.2% 1.7% 71.3% 1982 427,600 11.9% 15.5% 1.8% 70.8% 1983 420,700 12.1% 15.5% 1.7% 70.7% 1984 416,500 12.0% 15.3% 1.8% 70.9% 1985 407,800 11.9% 15.3% 1.7% 71.1% 1986 404,900 11.2% 14.9% 1.6% 72.2% 1987 407,500 10.9% 14.6% 1.7% 72.8% 1988 414,400 10.7% 14.3% 1.8% 73.2% 1989 412,700 10.5% 14.1% 1.9% 73.5% 1990 403,800 10.5% 14.3% 1.9% 73.3% 1991 378,900 10.9% 14.6% 2.0% 72.5% 1992 357,100 10.8% 15.0% 2.0% 72.1% 1993 364,605 10.1% 13.0% 1.8% 70.5% 1994 355,114 10.6% 11.9% 1.8% 71.3% 1995 336,939 10.7% 12.0% 2.2% 71.7% 1996 312,051 11.4% 11.1% 2.3% 71.3% 1997 303,392 11.1% 11.4% 2.2% 71.2% Source: Stats SA statistical releases (TSE database) 6
Page 1 and 2: SETP No. 14 The Economic Value of I
Page 3 and 4: Copyright © International Labour O
Page 6 and 7: Table of Contents PREFACE .........
Page 8: List of Abbreviations CBPWP GDP ILO
Page 12 and 13: Structure of the Report This report
Page 14: 8. It is shown in the forth area of
Page 17 and 18: 1.8 In order to achieve this object
Page 19: 3 A Labour Focussed Profile of the
Page 23 and 24: construction. Real wages are higher
Page 25 and 26: Table 3-3 Construction industry Ave
Page 27 and 28: Figure 3-7 1997 October Household S
Page 29 and 30: 3.23 There are four possible reason
Page 31 and 32: Figure 3-8 Number of persons by inc
Page 33 and 34: 3.35 Estimates of average provincia
Page 35 and 36: 3.41 Table 3.11 reports on the prov
Page 37 and 38: 3.45 An attempt was made to verify
Page 39 and 40: Summary 3.50 The construction indus
Page 41 and 42: A profile of income and expenditure
Page 43 and 44: Figure 4-1 Percentage of expenditur
Page 45 and 46: Table 4-3 Expenditure increases for
Page 47 and 48: Table 4-5 Expenditure increases for
Page 49 and 50: 4.18 Here we find that grain mill p
Page 51 and 52: • Labour and capital are in unlim
Page 53 and 54: Figure 5-1 Schematics of the Mechan
Page 55 and 56: slightly higher additional income a
Page 57 and 58: Table 5-9 Indirect job creation Num
Page 59 and 60: 6 The Macro Economic Impact of the
Page 61 and 62: Standard Industrial Classification
Page 63 and 64: Table 6-6 Macro economic impact of
Page 65 and 66: Figure 7-2 Cost of Gravel Road Cons
Page 67 and 68: • When adverse soil or other cond
Page 69 and 70: Table 7-5 Capital cost amortisation
Page 71 and 72:
Table 7-8 Local and Import costs of
Page 73 and 74:
• In the first five years of oper
Page 75 and 76:
7.41 Table 7.4 is sourced from Tabl
Page 77 and 78:
8.10 Second, the analysis did not t
Page 79 and 80:
References Bulmer-Thomas, V. (1982)
Page 81 and 82:
practical feasibility alone, labour
Page 83 and 84:
domestic industry to set against th
show all

SETP No. 14 The Economic Value of Incremental Employment in the ...

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?