United Nations Environment Programme - Stockholm Convention on ...
United Nations Environment Programme - Stockholm Convention on ...
United Nations Environment Programme - Stockholm Convention on ...
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5 CASE STUDIES<br />
5.1 FORMATION AND RELEASE OF POPS IN THE CEMENT INDUSTRY AND THE<br />
USE OF ALTERNATIVE FUELS,<br />
BY WILLEM VAN LOO (VIENNA CONSULTATION)<br />
Slide 1<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>Stockholm</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>C<strong>on</strong>venti<strong>on</strong></str<strong>on</strong>g>: Regi<strong>on</strong>al C<strong>on</strong>sultati<strong>on</strong> for<br />
Central and Eastern European countries <strong>on</strong> the POP’s<br />
BAT and BEP Guidelines<br />
Slide 4<br />
The rawmaterials are burnt at 1450° C to form<br />
clinker<br />
Formati<strong>on</strong> and Release of POP’s in<br />
the Cement Industry and the Use of<br />
Alternative Fuels<br />
Vienna, 9-11 February 2005<br />
By Willem van Loo – CEMBUREAU/CSI<br />
Slide 2<br />
Slide 5<br />
Producti<strong>on</strong> of cement<br />
Raw material<br />
Raw meal<br />
ESP<br />
SUBSTITUTION OF FOSSIL FUELS IN<br />
CLINKER MANUFACTURING<br />
quarry<br />
blending basin<br />
kiln<br />
Rohmü hle<br />
Clinker<br />
storage bin<br />
Cement mill<br />
Cement<br />
storage bin<br />
dispatch<br />
gas<br />
solid<br />
Slide 3<br />
Rotary kiln with suspensi<strong>on</strong> preheater and calciner<br />
suspensi<strong>on</strong><br />
preheater<br />
850 °C<br />
to raw mill and ESP<br />
300 - 350 °C<br />
raw meal<br />
calciner<br />
1100 °C<br />
fuel<br />
tertiary air c<strong>on</strong>duct<br />
700 - 1000 °C<br />
fuel<br />
700 - 1000 °C<br />
clinker cooler<br />
exhaust air 200 °C - 350 °C<br />
rotary kiln 2000 °C<br />
cooler vent air<br />
clinker<br />
clinker cooler<br />
Slide 6<br />
FUEL SUBSTITUTION IN<br />
THE KILN FIRING PROCESS<br />
Types of alternative<br />
fuels<br />
• animal meal<br />
• rubber tyres<br />
• waste oil<br />
• impregnated saw dust<br />
• solvents<br />
• sewage sludge<br />
• paper sludge<br />
• ………..<br />
Substituti<strong>on</strong> Rate in<br />
Europe<br />
12% or 4.4 Mt<strong>on</strong>nes<br />
71
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