RPS Conference 2010, Abstracts 2010 - Royal Pharmaceutical Society

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method. Questions saw good completion rates other than the open questions, and these have been amended into closed questions where possible for the main survey. Based on the comments from respondents a small number of the questions have been reviewed and reworded. Conclusions The results of this study suggest the majority of respondents encountered ADR in their work and have sufficient knowledge about pharmacovigilance practices in Malaysia. This pilot study has demonstrated that the questionnaire is suitable for the Malaysian health system and it will be used for a larger scale study. References 1. Lazarou J, Pomeranz BH, Corey PN. Incidence of Adverse Drug Reactions in Hospitalized Patients: A Meta-analysis of Prospective Studies. JAMA 1998;279(15):1200-1205. 2. Bureau NPC. MADRAC Annual Report and Statistics: Ministry of Health, 2002-2008. Annual Report 2008. http://www.bpfk.gov.my/ (accessed in 10 Feb <strong>2010</strong>). 3. Aziz Z, Siang TC, Badarudin NS. Reporting of adverse drug reactions: predictors of underreporting in Malaysia. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2007;16(2):223-228. 4. Sweis D, Wong ICK. A survey on factors that could affect adverse drug reaction reporting according to hospital pharmacists in Great Britain. Drug Saf 2000;23(2):165-172.
98 Medication management in older people with visual impairment Roseleen McCann 1,2 , Jonathon Jackson 2 , Mike Stevenson 1 , David Bickerstaff 3 , Margaret Cupples 1 , James McElnay 4 1 Department of Public Health & Primary Care, QUB, Belfast, United Kingdom, 2 <strong>Royal</strong> Group of Hospitals, Belfast, United Kingdom, 3 Personal Social Services Directorate, Health & Social Care Board, Belfast, United Kingdom, 4 School of Pharmacy, QUB, Belfast, United Kingdom Focal points: • The aim of the study was to investigate whether visual impairment (VI) is associated with medication non-adherence and difficulties in the management of medicines. • No differences were found in adherence among older people with and without VI. However, VI was shown to limit individuals’ ability to read prescription labels and distinguish different medications. • Pharmacists should recognise that people with VI need additional support in managing their medicines. Introduction: The number of individuals in our society with VI has increased steadily over the last 25 years. This number is set to increase as the majority of people with sight problems are older, aged over 65 1 . VI is associated with increased difficulty in the performance of daily living activities, greater risk of falls, and ultimately reduced quality of life (QoL) 2 . Furthermore, advancing age is often associated with multiple pathologies, requiring the use of multiple drug therapies and non-adherence with prescribed medications increases with increasing numbers of medications. The main aim of this study was to investigate whether VI is associated with medication non-adherence and difficulties in medication management. Method: 314 participants aged >65 years, with no cognitive deficit and receiving 2 or more daily oral medications were recruited to the study. Of these, 156 were VI (56 M; 100 F) [Visual acuity (VA) 6/18-6/120] and recruited from 3 hospital low vision clinics. A further 158 control (61 M; 97 F), normally sighted individuals (VA 6/9 or better) were recruited from community Optometrists. Individuals recruited were visited in their home, where, self-reported medication non-adherence (MARS 3 & Morisky 4 ), beliefs about their medication and QoL [generic (SF−12; EQ-5D) and vision specific (DLTV) questionnaires] were assessed. Medication handling and adherence problems were explored qualitatively. Verification of self-reported adherence was sought for 10% of the study population via the continuous multiple-interval measure of medication availability (CMA), using general practice and community pharmacy held records. Results: Groups were similar in distribution of age [65-101years, mean 79 +7.0 SD), gender, educational status and proportion living alone. Medication adherence did not differ (P>0.05) between groups in either MARS (mean 23.2/25 VI; 23.6/25 C) or Morisky adherence questionnaires (mean 3.45/4 VI; 3.49/4 C). More VIs (29% v 13%) required help to sort their medication (OR 0.4; 95%CI 0.2-0.7; p=0.002); 97% of the VI group had difficulty reading medication labels despite using low vision aids and 24% reported difficulties distinguishing tablets (particularly relating to colour), compared to none of the control group. Almost half of all participants (47% VI; 44% C) had difficulties ‘opening’ medications, especially blister packages. In both groups (40%VI; C 36%) compliance aids were used; significantly more of the VI group (10% v 2.5%) had pharmacy support with these (OR 4.4; 95%CI 1.4-13.5; p= 0.009). CMA scores did not differ between the groups (mean 105.0% VI; 103.9% C). More of the VI reported
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RPS Conference 2010, Abstracts 2010 - Royal Pharmaceutical Society

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