Tana Delta Irrigation Project, Kenya: An Environmental Assessment

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TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................III Botanical/Ecological Study............................................................................................iv SOCIO-ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT .......................................................................................3 Summary ..........................................................................................................................4 Introduction......................................................................................................................4 Study Area Description ...................................................................................................5 Methodology ....................................................................................................................5 Results .............................................................................................................................6 Community Livelihood Strategies..................................................................................6 Basic demographics....................................................................................................6 Occupational structure ................................................................................................6 Seasonal Calendar......................................................................................................7 Market Linkages and Investment Vehicles ..................................................................9 Coping strategies ........................................................................................................9 Livelihood Vulnerability and Constraints Assessment ..............................................10 Vulnerability...............................................................................................................10 Constraints to livelihoods and development ..............................................................12 Implications & Conclusions .......................................................................................12 Institutional Linkages....................................................................................................14 Primary linkages........................................................................................................14 Relationship with TARDA ..........................................................................................14 Other institutional relationships .................................................................................15 Implications & Conclusions .......................................................................................16 Natural Resources: key resource patterns, changes & challenges...........................16 Water ........................................................................................................................16 Land..........................................................................................................................17 Forests ......................................................................................................................17 Table 10: Household forest costs, levels and trends..................................................20 Conclusions...................................................................................................................24 A. Livelihood strategies, vulnerability and constraints ...............................................24 B. The forest resource..............................................................................................25 C. Institutional linkages .............................................................................................26 Recommendations ........................................................................................................26 Acknowledgements.......................................................................................................27 References .....................................................................................................................27 BOTANICAL/ECOLOGICAL STUDY ....................................................................................31 Summary ........................................................................................................................32 Introduction....................................................................................................................32 Methodology ..................................................................................................................32 Results ...........................................................................................................................33 Forest classification and affinities..............................................................................33 Species diversity .......................................................................................................34 Growth Forms ...........................................................................................................34 Species of Conservation Concern .............................................................................34 Exotics ......................................................................................................................35 Utilisation ..................................................................................................................35 Woodlots ...................................................................................................................36 Carbon Study ............................................................................................................36 Discussion .....................................................................................................................36 Recommendations ........................................................................................................40 Awareness ................................................................................................................40 Nurseries...................................................................................................................40 1
Rehabilitation of the Tana Delta Irrigation Project, Kenya: An Environmental Assessment. Exotic and Invasive species ......................................................................................42 Strengthen/establish Village Environment Committees .............................................42 Village Guards/Wardens ...........................................................................................42 Riverbank Strip Forest Development.........................................................................42 East/West Connections .............................................................................................43 Woodlots - Flood irrigation ........................................................................................43 Buffer zones..............................................................................................................43 Recovery Programme Redlisted Species ..................................................................43 Baboon control ..........................................................................................................43 Pastoralists................................................................................................................44 Community Development Projects – Income Generation ..........................................44 Tourism .....................................................................................................................44 Mangos .....................................................................................................................44 Acknowledgements.......................................................................................................44 References .....................................................................................................................44 CENSUS OF THE TANA RIVER RED COLOBUS (PROCOLOBUS RUFOMITRATUS) AND TANA RIVER CRESTED MANGABEY (CERCOCEBUS GALERITUS): ..............................87 Summary ........................................................................................................................88 Introduction....................................................................................................................88 Methodology ..................................................................................................................88 GIS Mapping...................................................................................................................89 Forests Surveyed Map ..............................................................................................89 Transects Map ..........................................................................................................90 Troop Locations Map.................................................................................................90 Tana River Red Colobus Map ...................................................................................90 Tana River Crested Mangabey Map..........................................................................90 Results ...........................................................................................................................90 Forest Size and Location...........................................................................................90 Spatial Distribution ....................................................................................................91 Temporal Trends.......................................................................................................92 Status and Distribution of Sykes Monkeys and Yellow Baboons ...............................99 Recommendations ........................................................................................................99 Forest Reference Chart ...............................................................................................100 Field Team Members ...................................................................................................101 Acknowledgements.....................................................................................................101 References ...................................................................................................................102 Consultants’ contacts .................................................................................................103 Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund ........................................................................104 2
Page 1 and 2: REHABILITATION OF THE TANA DELTA IR
Page 3 and 4: Rehabilitation of the Tana Delta Ir
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Rehabilitation of the Tana Delta Ir
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Table 19. Spatial distribution and
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