Tana Delta Irrigation Project, Kenya: An Environmental Assessment

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Rehabilitation of the Tana Delta Irrigation Project, Kenya: An Environmental Assessment. Table 11: Causes of Madzini (floodplain) forest decline, volunteered amongst elders & youth within villages Fire Poor use/ Population pressure Poor enforcement Lack of seasonal flooding Commercial exploitation from outside Over-grazing Wine tapping TARDA/ TDIP clearing Internal (I) External (E): I E I E I E Bfumbwe Elders XX XX X XX X X Youth X X X Kulesa Elders X X X X Youth X X Sailoni Elders X X X XX X Youth X X X Wema Elders X XX X XX X X X Youth X X X X Hewani Elders X XX X Youth X XX XX Baandi Elders X X Youth XX X XX X SCORE 6 4 2 13 5 8 11 3 2 1 2 Ranking the importance of various causes based on the citation frequencies in Table 11 yields the following summary: Table 12: Ranking of importance of causes of forest decline (frequency in brackets) Overall rank (score) Cause Rank by elders (score) Rank by youth (score) 1 (13) Internal population growth 1 (7) 1 (6) 2 (11) Lack of seasonal flooding 2 (6) 2 (5) 3 (8) Poor enforcement 3 (4) 3 (4) 4 (6) Fire 3 (4) 5 (2) 5 (5) External use due to population growth 7 (2) 4 (3) 6 (4) Poor techniques (internal i.e. within villages) 5 (3) 6 (1) 7 (3) Commercial exploitation by outsiders 5 (3) 9 (0) 8 (2) Excessive grazing 9 (1) 6 (1) 8 (2) Poor techniques used by outsiders 8 (2) 9 (0) 8 (2) TDIP clearing of forests 9 (1) 6 (1) 11 (1) Wine tapping 9 (1) 9 (0) As can be seen, there are a number of perceived causes of forest decline, with a large degree of agreement between elders and youth perceptions – particularly on the main causes: pressure due to internal population growth; lack of seasonal flooding; and poor enforcement – with fire (set by pastoralists) ranking as an important cause. Causes of Forest Decline Table 13 presents solutions volunteered by focal groups (both elders and youth, separately). Results centred on five options (in order of importance): restore local authority and management; title or allocate forest patches; forestation and afforestation (involving both indigenous and exotic species); raise good-practice awareness; and involve youth in management. These are elaborated below in Section 5.4.3.6 21
Rehabilitation of the Tana Delta Irrigation Project, Kenya: An Environmental Assessment. Table 13: Solutions volunteered to halt Madzini forest decline according to elders & youth within villages Are forests declining? Do you think the forests should be conserved? Restore local authority & management Forests need allocating &/or titling Forestation/ reforestation E=Exotics I=Indigenous Education/ training on good practice Youth involvement necessary Bfumbwe Kulesa Sailoni Wema Hewani Baandi Yes/No Yes/No OPTION Option B Option C Option D Option E A Elders Y Y E, I Youth Y Y • • • E, I • • Elders Y Y • • Youth Y Y • Elders Y Y • • Youth Y Y • • • Elders Y Y • • • E, I • Youth Y Y • • E, I • Elders Y Y • • • E, I • Youth Y Y • • • E, I • • Elders Y Y • • Youth Y Y • • • • SCORE 12 12 10 10 12 6 8 22
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Rehabilitation of the Tana Delta Ir
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Table 19. Spatial distribution and
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Tana Delta Irrigation Project, Kenya: An Environmental Assessment

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