The Timaeus of Plato

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38 INTRODUCTION. of the ideal bed save God? And the series must needs be completed to attain Plato's immediate purpose, in order that the carpenter and the artist may be placed in their proper order of merit. The postulation of God as the creator of the ideal bed is merely an expedient designed to serve a temporary end, not a principle of the Platonic philosophy. If we take any other view we bring the passage into direct conflict with the statement beginning 508 E, where it is declared in the plainest language that the Idea of the Good is the cause of all existence whatsoever. Moreover to maintain that the ideas are the thoughts of a personal God is utterly to ignore Plato's emphatic and constantly iterated affirmation of the self-existent substantiality of the ideas. Even could these declarations be explained away, we should have to face Aristotle's criticism of the ideal theory nay, Plato's own criticism in the Parmenides ; neither of which would have any meaning were not the ideas independent essences the argument : of the T/HTOS avOptoiros, for instance, would be irrelevant. The hypothesis then that a personal God is in any sense the cause of the ideas must be dismissed as incompatible with Platonic principles. (2) is he a 37. Secondly, it is held that the Syj/xiovpyos is a personal creator* creator, external to the universe and to the ideas, on the model of external to which he fashioned material nature. This view demands the most careful verse'and consideration, since it is the literal statement of the to the Timaeus. But it will prove, I think, to be totally untenable. In the first place it makes Plato offer us, instead of an ontological theory, a theological dogma: it is an evasion, not a solution of the problem. For we are asked to suppose that after constructing an elaborate ontology which is to unfold the secret of nature, Plato suddenly cuts the knot with a hypothesis which has absolutely no connexion with his ontology. Again, however much opinions may differ as to the extent of Plato's success in eliminating dualism, it will hardly be disputed that to do this was his aim. But here we have not merely dualism, but a triad : the ideas, the creator, and matter. All these are distinct and independent, nor is there any evolution of one from another. Can we seriously believe that Plato's speculations ended in this? And there remain yet more cogent considerations. In this story we find the S^/xioupyos represented as creating tyvxv- But "A^X 1 ?* we know, is eternal. Her creation must then be purely mythical: and if the creation, surely the creator also. Or if not, since i/'ux 1 ) and the 8>//xioiy>yo
- INTRODUCTION. 39 are alike eternal, are we to suppose that there are two separate and distinct Intelligences that is, inasmuch as vous exists in ^v\^ alone, two tyvxal to all eternity existing? What could be gained by such a reduplication? Moreover, if two such ^v-^al exist, there ought to be an idea of them a serious metaphysical complication'. If on the other hand it be maintained that the cosmic soul is an emanation or effluence of the S^/xiovpyo's, this is practically abandoning the present hypothesis in favour of that which is next to be considered. Finally, if the S^/tioupyos is a personal creator, he is certainly
Page 1 and 2: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
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Page 7 and 8: T7AATQN02 TIMAIOI THE TIMAEUS OF PL
Page 9 and 10: PREFACE. THE present appears to be
Page 11 and 12: PREFACE. vii this would have been s
Page 13 and 14: INTRODUCTION. i. OF all the more im
Page 15 and 16: Greek thought. I 2 INTRODUCTION. 3
Page 17 and 18: INTRODUCTION. 5 time the drop reach
Page 19 and 20: INTROD UCTION. 7 Not-being is not,
Page 21 and 22: INTRODUCTION. 9 exist, or neither :
Page 23 and 24: INTROD UCTION. \ I must at some poi
Page 25 and 26: INTROD UCTION. 1 3 ledge. The natur
Page 27 and 28: INTROD UCTIOtf. 1 5 obviously our b
Page 29 and 30: INTRODUCTION. 17 inherent in the su
Page 31 and 32: INTRODUCTION. 19 inevitable concomi
Page 33 and 34: INTROD UCTION. 2 1 senses with the
Page 35 and 36: INTROD UCTION. 2 3 is disposed of b
Page 37 and 38: INTRODUCTION. 25 But what is the Tr
Page 39 and 40: INTROD UCTION. 27 Moreover, putting
Page 41 and 42: INTRODUCTION. 29 Yet, though matter
Page 43 and 44: INTRODUCTION. 31 But we must beware
Page 45 and 46: INTRODUCTION. 33 itself to the sens
Page 47 and 48: INTRODUCTION. 35 pluralisation and
Page 49: INTROD UCTION. 3 7 and orders it, w
Page 53 and 54: INTROD UCTION. 4 1 itself. So then
Page 55 and 56: INTRODUCTION. 43 in terms of the vi
Page 57 and 58: INTROD UCTION. 4 5 in the notes; bu
Page 59 and 60: INTRODUCTION. 47 Oflov : that is to
Page 61 and 62: INTRODUCTION. 49 the other ideas. F
Page 63 and 64: INTROD UCTION. 5 r nor will he do o
Page 65 and 66: TIMAIOS
Page 67 and 68: PERSONS OF THE DIALOGUE: SOKRATES,
Page 69 and 70: 18 A] TIMAIO2. 57 Sokrates. Do you
Page 71 and 72: E] TIMAIO2. 59 be able to show a du
Page 73 and 74: TIMAIOS. 6r provision for the contr
Page 75 and 76: 20 A] TIMAIOS. 63 tion, both when d
Page 77 and 78: E] TIMAIO2. 65 many witnesses that
Page 79 and 80: 21 B] TIMAIOS. passages of his : po
Page 81 and 82: 22 A] TIMAIDS. 69 prizes for reciti
Page 83 and 84: D] TIMAIO2. 71 he essayed to tell t
Page 85 and 86: 23 B] TIMAIOS. 73 waters, those in
Page 87 and 88: 24 A] TIMAIOS. 75 remember but one
Page 89 and 90: D] TIMAIO2. 77 tion of the craftsme
Page 91 and 92: 25 c] TIMAIO2. 79 nobleness surpass
Page 93 and 94: 26 A] TIMAIOS. 8 1 when the rest fe
Page 95 and 96: 27 A] TIMAIO2. 83 we should be fair
Page 97 and 98: D] TIMAIO2. 85 his business to unde
Page 99 and 100: 28 c] TIMAIO2. 87 existent. Now all
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29 c] TIMAIO2. 89 were impossible t
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30 A] TIMAIOS. the gods and the gen
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c] TIMAI02. 93 this might be, there
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3i B] TIMAIO2. 95 none of these whi
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32 A] TIMAIOS. 97 the all-perfect a
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c] TIMAIO2. 99 body of the universe
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33 c] TIMAIOS. 101 Now the making o
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34 A] TIMA1O2. 103 there was nothin
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35 A] TIMAIO2. 105 he planned for t
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TIMAI02. 107 way. From the undivide
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36 B] TIMAIO2. 109 second and tripl
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c] TIMAI02. ii i terms of the inter
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TIMAIO2. themselves and each other
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37 A] TIMAIO2. double and triple in
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c] TIMAI02. 117 the best of all tha
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TIMAIO2. 119 found, if a man affirm
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38 B] TIMAIO2. 121 named time. For
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XI. TIMAI02. 123 Time then has come
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TIMAI02. 12$ but having a contrary
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39 A] TIMAI02. 127 But when each of
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D] TIMAIOS. 129 taneous motion in t
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40 A] TIMAIOS. 131 when the relativ
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TIMAI02. 133 each, one in the same
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TIMAIO2. 135 to be the guardian and
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4i A] TIMAI02. 137 very movements w
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c] TTMAI02. 139 by me coming into b
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TIMAIO2. 141 Therefore in order tha
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42 B] TIMAI02. 143 each star, and s
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TIMAIOS. as are of a contrary natur
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43 A] TIMAI02. 147 each of them, Go
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D] TIMAIO2. 149 flowing and out-flo
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44 Bl TIMAIOl 151 they displaced, s
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flows in with smaller volume, and t
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45 B] TIMAI02. 155 XVI. Imitating t
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TIMAIOS. 157 but not of burning, th
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4613] TIMAIOS. 159 which has in it
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TIMAIO2. 161 of the visual current
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the coal's descent, it is broken in
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E] TIMAIOS. 165 wisdom, if he be bl
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48 A] TIMAIOS. 167 we have been dec
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D] TIMAIOS. 169 let us return upon
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49 A] TIMAIO2. 171 familiar discour
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D] TIMAIOS. 173 saying is true, but
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50 B] TIMAI02. 175 appellation we m
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D] TIMAIO2. 177 other shapes that w
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5i B] TIMAIO2. 179 forms which it i
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E] TIMAIO2. 181 of it. That part of
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52 A] TIMAI02. 183 suasion, the oth
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TIMAIO2. 185 affording place for al
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53 A] TIMAIO2. 187 XIX. Such then i
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c] T1MAI02. 189 Even so when the fo
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54 A] TIMAIO2. 191 XX. In the first
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c] TIMAIO2. 193 but the scalene an
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55 A] TIMAI02. 195 For since they a
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c] TIMAIO2. 197 parts. The second i
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TIMAIOS. 199 XXI. Now if any man, r
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56 c] TIMAIOS. 201 with unequal and
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TIMAI02. 203 sity, consenting and y
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57 A] TIMAIOS. 205 two of air : and
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D] TIMAIO2. 207 smaller figures few
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58 A] TIMAIOS. 209 are mixed up wit
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TIMAIO2. 211 no vacant space to be
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59 B] TIMAI02. 213 is that which is
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D] TIMAIOS. 215 and formed of the f
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60 B] TIMAIO2. 217 Water mingled wi
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c] TIMAIOS. 219 pores of the mouth
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TIMAIOS. 221 which is suddenly depr
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61 B] TIMAIO2. 223 earth and water
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c] TIMAIO2. 22$ bulk undissolved; b
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62 B] TIMAIOS. 227 Now this cannot
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C] TIMAI02. 229 us ; and whereas it
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63 B] TIMAIOl 231 since the form of
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E] TIMAIOS. 233 acquiring the needf
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64 B] TIMAIOS. 235 that makes us ca
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E] TIMAIOS. 237 the property of the
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65 c] TIMAIOS. 239 are entirely fre
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66 A] TIMAIOS. 241 like most other
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D] TIMAIOS. 243 duly proportioned t
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6 7 A] TIMAI02. part are formed too
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TIMAIO2. 247 only two conspicuous k
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E] TIMAIO2. 249 varieties of which
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68 c] TIMAIO2. 251 penetrates the v
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69 A] TIMAIDS. 253 deep blue mingle
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c] TIMAIO2. 255 XXXI. Now therefore
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70 A] TIMAIOS. 257 ride in; and bes
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c] TIMAIO2. 259 soul which shares c
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TIMAIO2. 261 they made the windpipe
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71 B] TIMAIOS. 263 then that always
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D] TJMA1O2. from the brain, when th
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72 B] TIMAIO2. 267 were able, in th
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E] TIMAIO2. 269 enough ; but when d
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73 c] TIMAIO2. 271 upon the foregoi
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74 A] TIMAIO2. 273 with another, to
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TIMAI02. 275 made joints in it, usi
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75 A] TIMAIOS. 277 he mingled it wi
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D] TIMAIOS. 279 where God has forme
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76 A] TIMAIO2. 281 uniformity; and
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D] TIMAIO2. 283 contend more veheme
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OdfJivos 77 A] TIMAIO^. 285 yet exi
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c] TIMA1O2. 287 the cultivated tree
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TIMAIOS. 289 stationary and rooted
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78 B] TIMAIO2. 291 they did, partly
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D] T1MAIO2. 293 like a fish-trap or
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79 A] TIMAI02. 295 which are confin
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E] TIMAIO2. 297 tion and the causes
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8o A] TIMAIO2. 299 is heated, but t
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c] TIMAIO2. 301 sometimes having no
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TIMAI02. 303 amber and of the loads
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8 1 B] TIMA1OS. 305 stantly supplie
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K] TIMAIO2. 307 frame then of the e
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82 B] TIMAIOS. 309 XXXIX. Now the c
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E] TIMAI02. 311 natural state of un
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83 c] TIMAIO2. 313 properties ; and
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84 B] TIMAIO2. 315 which is formed
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E] TIMAIOS. 317 bare and full of br
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! 85 H] TIMAI02. 319 excessive swea
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86 A] TIMAIDS. 321 of the body, so
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c] TIMAIOS. 323 excess of fire, it
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TIMAIOS. 325 In whomsoever the seed
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8; B] TIMAIOS. 327 to some bad habi
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88 A] TIMAIO2. 329 XLII. The counte
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c] TIMAI02. 331 public in a spirit
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89 B] TIMAIOS. 333 within by the pa
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E] TIMAIO2. 335 every form of sickn
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90 c] TIMAIO2. 337 find a consisten
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9i A] TIMAIO2. 339 the truth ; and
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E] T1MA1O2. 341 and another in wome
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92 B] TIMAIO2. 343 And the race of
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c] TIMA102. 345 uttermost dwelling-
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348 INDEX /. aur6 TOVTO (
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. or 350 INDEX I. s, 128 av, 248 av
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352 INDEX I.
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354 INDEX II. Cooling, 212 Cosmic s
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356 INDEX II. Proportion, 96 Nile,
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358 INDEX II. White, 248 Wine, 216
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CLASSICAL LIBRARY. COMMENTARIES AND
Page 375:
UC SOUTHERN REGIONAL LIBRARY FACILI
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