A Treebank-based Investigation of IPP-triggering Verbs in Dutch

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Example 3: SynAF--conformant syntactic annotation of the Spanish sentence 'Díselo al medico.' 4.2 Semitic Languages Semitic languages bring with them a particular set of challenges for modelling linguistic data. The following two subsections demonstrate how MAF and SynAF/ can work together to represent two problematic constructions: dependencies for object clitics and constituents for construct state compounds. 4.2.1 Arabic enclitic objects Much like Romance languages, both Arabic and Hebrew have the ability to express pronominal objects as enclitic pronouns that are written together with the verb, forming one word form on the orthographic level [9], e.g. in Standard Arabic: رأيت الملك ra’aitu l-malik ‘I saw the king’ see.PF.1.SG DEF-king رأيته ra’aitu-hu ‘I saw him’ see.PF.1.SG-3.SG.M Modelling a syntax tree of the dependencies between verb and object can be difficult and usually leads to make the design decision of tokenizing enclitic object pronouns as separate word forms. Using MAF word forms it is possible to keep such orthographic strings together while referring directly to constituent elements in the SynAF representation. The following representation gives a possible solution for a unified representation of the examples above, similar to the Spanish case. ‏رأيت . . Example 4: MAF representation of the Arabic clitic examples above. 44
Example 5: representation of dependency trees for the Arabic examples above. By pointing at both word forms and tokens, the SynAF representation can contain uniform syntax trees for both enclitic and separate objects. 4.2.2 Hebrew construct states Both Hebrew and Arabic use a special left-headed construction similar to compounding [10] to form complex nouns. This construction has a number of special features. Most notably for the present discussion, it does not constitute an orthographic word form, but it allows only one article for the entire complex noun, placed between the head and the modifier (or before the last modifier in recursive complex nouns). The article, like all articles in both languages, is written together with the final modifier and does constitute one word form with it, but marks the entire construction as definite. The following examples from Hebrew illustrate the positioning of the relevant elements in definite and indefinite environments: בית חולים beit xolim ‘hospital’ house sick.PL בית החולים beit ha-xolim ‘the hospital’ house the-sick.PL 45
Page 1 and 2: A Treebank-based Investigation of I
Page 3 and 4: participle and a (te-)infinitival c
Page 5 and 6: Some verbs occur twice, since they
Page 7 and 8: Profiling Feature Selection for Nam
Page 9 and 10: prepositional objects (FOPP, OPP).
Page 11 and 12: the limited size of annotated data
Page 13 and 14: with high precision typically have
Page 15 and 16: ‘This was “not significantly”
Page 17 and 18: The preposition durch typically has
Page 19 and 20: Non-Projective Structures in Indian
Page 21 and 22: the sequential order of nodes in a
Page 23 and 24: extra-posed relative clause that ge
Page 25 and 26: Experiments on Dependency Parsing o
Page 27 and 28: for mitigating the effects of spars
Page 29 and 30: obtained with MALTParser is 76.61%
Page 31 and 32: as a standardised serialisation for
Page 33 and 34: constituency and dependency, possib
Page 35 and 36: SynAF and/or in . However, they sha
Page 37: shows how some elements that are no
Page 41 and 42: ‏ Example 8: represent
Page 43 and 44:
Page 45 and 46: Chinese) as the direct object NP.
Page 47 and 48: Example 15: Tokens and Word Forms
Page 49 and 50: In a second experiment, a dataset w
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Page 53 and 54: [3] Leech G. N., Barnett, R. & Kahr
Page 55 and 56: Effectively long-distance dependenc
Page 57 and 58: In French, another case of eLDD is
Page 59 and 60: elativization, it-clefts or questio
Page 61 and 62: 4.2.3 Annotation methodology Becaus
Page 63 and 64: Number of occurrences in FTB +SEQTB
Page 65 and 66: producing treebank based LFG approx
Page 67 and 68: Logical Form Representation for Lin
Page 69 and 70: gerundives for a total amount of so
Page 71 and 72: object+indirect object/object one.
Page 73 and 74: (VP (VB patch) ) ) ) (VP (VBZ is) (
Page 75 and 76: Types Adverb. Adject. Verbs Nouns T
Page 77 and 78: Eventually we may comment that ther
Page 79 and 80: DeepBank: A Dynamically Annotated T
Page 81 and 82: from another already existing one,
Page 83 and 84: to parse now does. The extra manual
Page 85 and 86: In the derivation show in Figure 1,
Page 87 and 88: 4 Patching Coverage Gaps with An Ap
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will enable further improvements in
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ParDeepBank: Multiple Parallel Deep
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2 The ParDeepBank The PTB has emerg
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undergone extensive scientific scru
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the second combines the structures
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Sofia University). Each sentence wa
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data, and improvements in the infra
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The Effect of Treebank Annotation G
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ut without feature structures. This
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only the lexicon is fine-grained to
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Automatic Coreference Annotation in
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manually annotated Czech sentences.
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citizens of Bilbao] are very involv
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4.1.3 Coreference Selector Module T
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Nominal P R F1 MUC 75.33% 81.33% 78
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[9] G. Doddington, A. Mitchell, M.
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Analyzing the Most Common Errors in
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Graph 1 shows results of subsequent
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in the semantic type). This situati
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Will a Parser Overtake Achilles? Fi
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annotation is also based on a depen
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Set Name Sentences Tokens % Train/T
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dency relations (PRED, OBJ, SBJ, AD
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ton and Stacklazy), we trained a mo
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Feature Function Column Name Addres
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Using Parallel Treebanks for Machin
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phrases are generated by a shallow
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Figure 2: A Kybot p
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SUJ NP SENT MOD PP NP PP PP NP NP P
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Checkpoint Instances Google PT Our
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6 Conclusions In this paper we have
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An integrated web-based treebank an
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16] and we have earlier reported fr
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Figure 2: Screenshot of the interfa
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ple subcategorization frames may be
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4 Integrated interface for annotati
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of the 5th International Conference
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Translational divergences and their
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posed so far, Cyrus’ work did not
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allowed an appropriate coverage of
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damentales [...] 10 (the universal
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for all lex_pair(s,t) do if head an
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the treatment of typical translatio
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Building a treebank of noisy user-g
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Phenomenon Attested example Std. co
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Figure 1: French Social Media Bank
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Impact of treebank characteristics
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Det Adj N (a) Danish Det Adj N (b)
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sv: Bestämmelserna i detta avtal f
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100 90 80 Unlabelled attachment 70
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vidner , tilhørere og tiltalte wit
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mance is not inconsiderable, as was
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Genitives in Hindi Treebank: An Att
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A genitive can occur with complex p
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quite high. This motivates us towar
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A Treebank-based Investigation of IPP-triggering Verbs in Dutch

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