A Treebank-based Investigation of IPP-triggering Verbs in Dutch

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Computational Natural Language Learning, 257–266. Harabagiu, S.M., Miller, G.A., Moldovan, D.I.: eXtended WordNet - A Morphologically and Semantically Enhanced Resource (2003), http://xwn.hlt.utdallas.edu, 1-8. Information Science Institute, University of Southern California: Logical Forms for WordNet 3.0 glosses (2007), http://wordnetcode.princeton.edu/standofffiles/wn30-lfs.zip Mihalcea, R., and Dan I. Moldovan, (2001). eXtended WordNet: progress report, In: Proceedings of NAACL Workshop on WordNet and Other Lexical Resources, Pittsburgh, 95-100. Moldovan, D., Rus, V.: Explaining Answers with Extended WordNet. In: Proceedings of the Association for Computational Linguistics, ACL 2001 (2001) Moldovan, D., S. Harabagiu, R. Girju, P. Morarescu, F. Lacatusu, A. Novischi, A. Badulescu, O. Bolohan, LCC Tools for Question Answering, In: Proceedings of TREC, 2002. Moldovan, D., Vasile Rus: Transformation of WordNet Glosses into Logic Forms. FLAIRS Conference 2001: 459-463. Moldovan, D., Vasile Rus: Logic Form Transformation of WordNet and its Applicability to Question Answering. ACL 2001: 394-401. Ovchinnikova, E., N. Montazeri, T. Alexandrov, J. R. Hobbs, M. C. McCord, R. Mulkar-Mehta, (2011). Abductive Reasoning with a Large Knowledge Base for Discourse Processing, in J. Bos and S. Pulman (editors), Proc. of the 9th International Conference on Computational Semantics, IWCS, 225-234. Pustejovsky, J. 2000. Events and the Semantics of Opposition. In C. Tenny and J. Pustejovsky (eds.). Events as Grammatical Objects. Stanford. CSLI Publications, pp. 445–482. Pustejovsky, J. 1995. The Generative Lexicon. Cambridge, MA. MIT Press. Pustejovsky, J. 1991. The syntax of event structure. Cognition 41, pp. 47-81. Ramsay, A.M. and D.G.Field (2008). Speech acts, epistemic planning and Grice’s maxim. Journal of Logic and Computation 18(3), 431-457. Rus, V. and Dan I. Moldovan: High Performance Logic Form Transformation. International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools 11(3): 437-454 (2002) Rus, V., Dan I. Moldovan, Orest Bolohan, (2002). Bracketing Compound Nouns for Logic Form Derivation. FLAIRS Conference 2002: 198-202. Rus, V., Alex Fit-Florea, (2004). A Model for Identifying the Underlying Logical Structure of Natural Language. PRICAI 2004: 977-978. Rus, V., (2004). Experiments with Machine Learning for Logic Arguments Identification. MAICS 2004: 40-47. Rus, Vasile, (2004). A First Evaluation of Logic Form Identification Systems, SENSEVAL-3: Third International Workshop on the Evaluation of Systems for the Semantic Analysis of Text. Vasile Rus, High Precision Logic Form Transformation, 2001. In Proceedings of ICTAI'2001. pp.288-288. WordNet Gloss Disambiguation Project, Princeton University: Semantically annotated gloss corpus (2008), http://wordnet.princeton.edu/ glosstag.shtml 84
DeepBank: A Dynamically Annotated Treebank of the Wall Street Journal Dan Flickinger † , Yi Zhang ‡♯ , Valia Kordoni ⋄♯ † CSLI, Stanford University ‡ Department of Computational Linguistics, Saarland University, Germany ♯ LT-Lab, German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence ⋄ Department of English Studies, Humboldt University of Berlin E-mail: danf@stanford.edu, yizhang@dfki.de, kordonie@anglistik.hu-berlin.de Abstract This paper describes a large on-going effort, nearing completion, which aims to annotate the text of all of the 25 Wall Street Journal sections included in the Penn Treebank, using a hand-written broad-coverage grammar of English, manual disambiguation, and a PCFG approximation for the sentences not yet successfully analyzed by the grammar. These grammar-based annotations are linguistically rich, including both fine-grained syntactic structures grounded in the Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar framework, as well as logically sound semantic representations expressed in Minimal Recursion Semantics. The linguistic depth of these annotations on a large and familiar corpus should enable a variety of NLP-related tasks, including more direct comparison of grammars and parsers across frameworks, identification of sentences exhibiting linguistically interesting phenomena, and training of more accurate robust parsers and parse-ranking models that will also perform well on texts in other domains. 1 Introduction This paper presents the English DeepBank, an on-going project whose aim is to produce rich syntactic and semantic annotations for the 25 Wall Street Journal (WSJ) sections included in the Penn Treebank (PTB: [16]). The annotations are for the most part produced by manual disambiguation of parses licensed by the English Resource Grammar (ERG: [10]), which is a hand-written, broad-coverage grammar for English in the framework of Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar (HPSG: [19]). Large-scale full syntactic annotation has for quite some time been approached with mixed feelings by researchers. On the one hand, detailed syntactic annotation can serve as a basis for corpus-linguistic study and improved data-driven NLP 85
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A Treebank-based Investigation of I
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participle and a (te-)infinitival c
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Some verbs occur twice, since they
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Profiling Feature Selection for Nam
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prepositional objects (FOPP, OPP).
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the limited size of annotated data
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with high precision typically have
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‘This was “not significantly”
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The preposition durch typically has
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Non-Projective Structures in Indian
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the sequential order of nodes in a
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extra-posed relative clause that ge
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Experiments on Dependency Parsing o
Page 27 and 28: for mitigating the effects of spars
Page 29 and 30: obtained with MALTParser is 76.61%
Page 31 and 32: as a standardised serialisation for
Page 33 and 34: constituency and dependency, possib
Page 35 and 36: SynAF and/or in . However, they sha
Page 37 and 38: shows how some elements that are no
Page 39 and 40: Example
Page 41 and 42: ‏ Example 8: represent
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Page 45 and 46: Chinese) as the direct object NP.
Page 47 and 48: Example 15: Tokens and Word Forms
Page 49 and 50: In a second experiment, a dataset w
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Page 53 and 54: [3] Leech G. N., Barnett, R. & Kahr
Page 55 and 56: Effectively long-distance dependenc
Page 57 and 58: In French, another case of eLDD is
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Page 61 and 62: 4.2.3 Annotation methodology Becaus
Page 63 and 64: Number of occurrences in FTB +SEQTB
Page 65 and 66: producing treebank based LFG approx
Page 67 and 68: Logical Form Representation for Lin
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Page 73 and 74: (VP (VB patch) ) ) ) (VP (VBZ is) (
Page 75 and 76: Types Adverb. Adject. Verbs Nouns T
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Page 87 and 88: 4 Patching Coverage Gaps with An Ap
Page 89 and 90: will enable further improvements in
Page 91 and 92: ParDeepBank: Multiple Parallel Deep
Page 93 and 94: 2 The ParDeepBank The PTB has emerg
Page 95 and 96: undergone extensive scientific scru
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Page 113 and 114: citizens of Bilbao] are very involv
Page 115 and 116: 4.1.3 Coreference Selector Module T
Page 117 and 118: Nominal P R F1 MUC 75.33% 81.33% 78
Page 119 and 120: [9] G. Doddington, A. Mitchell, M.
Page 121 and 122: Analyzing the Most Common Errors in
Page 123 and 124: Graph 1 shows results of subsequent
Page 125 and 126: in the semantic type). This situati
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annotation is also based on a depen
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Set Name Sentences Tokens % Train/T
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dency relations (PRED, OBJ, SBJ, AD
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ton and Stacklazy), we trained a mo
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Feature Function Column Name Addres
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Using Parallel Treebanks for Machin
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phrases are generated by a shallow
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Figure 2: A Kybot p
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SUJ NP SENT MOD PP NP PP PP NP NP P
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Checkpoint Instances Google PT Our
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6 Conclusions In this paper we have
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An integrated web-based treebank an
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16] and we have earlier reported fr
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Figure 2: Screenshot of the interfa
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ple subcategorization frames may be
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4 Integrated interface for annotati
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of the 5th International Conference
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Translational divergences and their
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posed so far, Cyrus’ work did not
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allowed an appropriate coverage of
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damentales [...] 10 (the universal
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for all lex_pair(s,t) do if head an
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the treatment of typical translatio
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Building a treebank of noisy user-g
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Phenomenon Attested example Std. co
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Figure 1: French Social Media Bank
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Impact of treebank characteristics
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Det Adj N (a) Danish Det Adj N (b)
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sv: Bestämmelserna i detta avtal f
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100 90 80 Unlabelled attachment 70
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vidner , tilhørere og tiltalte wit
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mance is not inconsiderable, as was
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Genitives in Hindi Treebank: An Att
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A genitive can occur with complex p
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quite high. This motivates us towar
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A Treebank-based Investigation of IPP-triggering Verbs in Dutch

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