Numerical Simulation of the Dynamics of Turbulent Swirling Flames

List of Figures
1.1 Left: Worldwide Gas Turbine Production. Right: Gas turbine production
by sector. From [113]. Data: Bill Schmalzer, Forecast Int’l. 2
1.2 Additions to electricity generation capacity (in GW) in USA for
1985-2035. From [1]. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.3 Influence of temperature on NO x and CO emissions. From [118]. 3
1.4 Illustration of the feedback process responsible for combustion
instability in fully premixed conditions. Adapted from [223]. . . 4
1.5 Left: Damaged combustor liner [70], Right: Combustor damage
caused by high-frequency dynamics [185] . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.1 Measurement of axial velocity on the center line of a turbulent
jet. In [164] from the experiment of Tong and Warhaft [203]. . . . 10
2.2 Flow passing a sphere. Re=uD/ν=20000. Modified figure from
[172]. Photograph by H. Werle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
2.3 Turbulent jets at different Reynolds numbers: (a) Low Reynolds
number, (b) High Reynolds number. Illustration from [201]. . . . 13
2.4 Turbulent kinetic energy spectrum vs. Wave number. The level of
computed and modeled scales in RANS, DNS and LES. Adapted
from [172]. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
2.5 Structure of a laminar premixed flame. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
2.6 Turbulent premixed combustion diagram. Adapted from [143] . 22
2.7 (a) Wrinkled flamelet regime, (b) Corrugated flamelet regime, (c)
Thin reaction zone. From [115]. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
3.1 Overview of interaction mechanisms between heat release and
acoustic waves in a fully premixed flame. Adapted from [153] . . 35
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