Golden Alga Workshop Summary Report - Texas Parks & Wildlife ...

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Historical Review of Golden Alga (Prymnesium( parvum) Problems in Texas Golden Alga Workshop Oct. 24-25, 25, 2003 This workshop was partially funded by the federal State Wildlife Grant No. T-14T 14-P Prymnesium parvum Photo by Dr. Carmelo Tomas PWD RP T3200-1203 Joan Glass Texas Parks & Wildlife
Prymnesium parvum PWD RP T3200-1203 Prymnesium parvum Phase Contrast by Dr. John La Claire Chrysophyte Cell size: 8-128 µm Cyst 2 long flagella - 1 haptonema C-shaped chloroplast Round to oblong in shape Mixotrophic Found in brackish water Resting cyst stage Characteristic swimming motion
Page 1 and 2: Golden Alga (Prymnesium parvum) Wor
Page 3 and 4: Golden Alga Workshop Agenda October
Page 5 and 6: Golden Alga Workshop Table of Conte
Page 7 and 8: Golden Alga Workshop Background Inf
Page 9 and 10: The TPWD “GOLD” Team Technical
Page 11 and 12: While There Is Much We Do Not Know
Page 13 and 14: Detection Early Simple Basic Resear
Page 15: Historical Review of Golden Alga (P
Page 19 and 20: Prymnesium parvum in Texas: 28 eve
Page 21 and 22: Five Texas River Basins Impacted C
Page 23 and 24: Number and Value of Fish Killed 198
Page 25 and 26: 1 1 5 5 6 6 14 13 15 12 14 13 15 12
Page 27 and 28: Month Golden Alga Fish Kills Began
Page 29 and 30: Number of Fish Killed Brazos Basin
Page 31 and 32: We Want to Solve the Problem Factor
Page 33 and 34: What We Have Done - continued Repor
Page 35 and 36: Special Thanks To The Following: We
Page 37 and 38: Overview of Texas Hatchery Manageme
Page 39 and 40: Dundee State Fish Hatchery • Febr
Page 41 and 42: Dundee State Fish Hatchery • Caus
Page 43 and 44: TPWD Inland Fisheries P. parvum Tas
Page 47 and 48: Monitoring P. parvum densities •
Page 49 and 50: Monitoring Toxin Levels • Bioassa
Page 51 and 52: Monitoring of P. parvum • Needs -
Page 53 and 54: Physical Treatments Χ Sonication (
Page 55 and 56: Χ X Chemical Treatments Hydrogen p
Page 57 and 58: Treatments - Chemical • Ammonium
Page 59 and 60: Treatments - Chemical • Cutrine
Page 61 and 62: Achievements • Development of hat
Page 65 and 66: Phylogeny, life history, autecology
Page 67 and 68:
Overview • morphology - what it l
Page 69 and 70:
Morphology of P. parvum haptonema f
Page 71 and 72:
Prymnesium species Species Habitat
Page 73 and 74:
Haplo-diploid life cycle P. parvum
Page 75 and 76:
Life cycle: mating experiment 2n +
Page 77 and 78:
Possible life cycle for P. parvum H
Page 79 and 80:
Optimum and tolerance for growth Pa
Page 81 and 82:
Mixotrophy • P. parvum can ingest
Page 83 and 84:
Toxins • proteolipids (Ulizur & S
Page 85 and 86:
Occurrence of harmful Typical habit
Page 87 and 88:
What can be done? • Establish a m
Page 89 and 90:
Prymnesium parvum: An overview and
Page 91 and 92:
Presently recognized Prymnesium spe
Page 93 and 94:
Bloom History • Within a decade o
Page 95 and 96:
PWD RP T3200-1203
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Dying Shad - Texas - courtesy of C.
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PWD RP T3200-1203
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Dead fish at a dam site in Texas -
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Fish showing hemmoragic areas from
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Toxins: (Lethal Cocktail) There is
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How easily can they be identified f
Page 109 and 110:
PWD RP T3200-1203 Body Scales of P.
Page 111 and 112:
Fluorescent labeled P. parvum cell
Page 113 and 114:
Priorities: Cells: • accurate and
Page 115 and 116:
Analysis of Prymnesium parvum bloom
Page 117 and 118:
Overview • Questions Identified b
Page 119 and 120:
Approach - proposed studies • Syn
Page 121 and 122:
Lake Whitney Stations Site P11 Site
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80000 Lake Whitney 2003 P. parvum a
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Feb-April 2003 Lake Whitney: surfac
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Lake Bioassay Methods • Acclimate
Page 129 and 130:
Lake Whitney Bioassay Sites Site P1
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Lake Whitney Nutrient Bioassay 4/29
Page 133 and 134:
Original Questions • What factors
Page 135 and 136:
Next steps? • Continue paired-res
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DY III Media Stock Addtions Nutrien
Page 139 and 140:
Kill your enemies and eat them: the
Page 141 and 142:
5 µm Killed salmons in aquaculture
Page 143 and 144:
When will the first dead bathing gu
Page 145 and 146:
PWD RP T3200-1203
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Toxicity in Chrysochromulina polyle
Page 149 and 150:
HE 50 (10 6 cells ml -1 ) Prymnesiu
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Effect of increasing P-deficent P.
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Ichthyotoxic species Prymnesin-2 H
Page 155 and 156:
☺ Before PWD RP T3200-1203
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Effect of Prymnesium parvum filtrat
Page 159 and 160:
Skovgaard and Hansen, 2003, L & O,
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Ciliates Flagellates Diatoms cell l
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Low Prymnesium parvum cell numbers
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6 Bacterivory in P. parvum Ingested
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P. parvum phagotrophy (prey ingesti
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% P. parvum feeding cells and lysed
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Skovgaard and Hansen, 2003, L & O,
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Oxyrrhis marina cell lysis in the p
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Ingestion of Oxyrrhis after 2 and 6
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P-deficient P. parvum ingesting blo
Page 179 and 180:
Conclusions •Toxicity is the key
Page 181 and 182:
C. helgolandicus pellets •Picture
Page 183 and 184:
Laboratory Studies on Prymnesium -
Page 185 and 186:
News Release • May 28, 2002 - mas
Page 187 and 188:
Fish Kill at Prewitt Reservoir PWD
Page 189 and 190:
Pelicans putative of transport agen
Page 191 and 192:
Objectives of this Presentation •
Page 193 and 194:
Prymnesium Strains in Culture • U
Page 195 and 196:
Structure of Prymnesium PWD RP T320
Page 197 and 198:
PWD RP T3200-1203
Page 199 and 200:
Scales Haptonema PWD RP T3200-1203
Page 201 and 202:
Cyst Formation • A variety of con
Page 203 and 204:
Growth Observations 0n Prymnesium s
Page 205 and 206:
Prymnesium Twin Buttes Lake, Wyomin
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Hemolytic Bioassay Procedures • 5
Page 209 and 210:
Hemolysis Bioassay • Alga Medium
Page 211 and 212:
Mixotrophy Studies • Several phyt
Page 213 and 214:
Chloroplast Endoplasmic Reticulum N
Page 215 and 216:
Adaptive Advantage of Chloroplast E
Page 217 and 218:
10 µm Kathablepharis sp. Courtesy
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Chrysochromulina parva Long, uncoil
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Ingested Chrysochromulina & some ba
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Return to Prewitt • Prymnesium pa
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Prewitt Reservoir Fact • Five day
Page 227 and 228:
Prewitt Reservoir Explanation • P
Page 229 and 230:
Prewitt Mystery Solved? • Campylo
Page 231 and 232:
Future Prymnesium Problems in Wyomi
Page 233 and 234:
Rapid Tests for the Detection of Pr
Page 235 and 236:
Why rRNA probes? * universally foun
Page 237 and 238:
PWD RP T3200-1203
Page 239 and 240:
EUK 1209R CHLO 02 PRYM 02 PELA 01 P
Page 241 and 242:
Change from PFA to ETOH Saline Chan
Page 243 and 244:
Analysis of Alexandrium strains fro
Page 245 and 246:
PWD RP T3200-1203
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Harmful Algal Blooms Noctiluca Kare
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PWD RP T3200-1203 Coccolithus pelag
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Application & detection methods for
Page 253 and 254:
Conclusions • Specific probes cou
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1. ChemScanRDI, a laser based syste
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ChemScanRDI combines fluorescent ce
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Electrochemical detection of toxic
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Electrochemical Detection of rRNA f
Page 263 and 264:
Comparison of cell counts with elec
Page 265 and 266:
Long term stability of treated sens
Page 267 and 268:
Development of DNA-microarrays for
Page 269 and 270:
Scheme of a DNA-Chip Experiment Flu
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Monitoring Phytoplankton compositio
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EUK 1209 CHLO01 Localization of the
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Identification of Phytoplankton on
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DNA CHIP Clone librairy Dec 2000 1
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Research Needs • Monitoring of to
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Rapid Tests for the Detection of Ha
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abs. units 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 y =
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Prymnesium parvumRL10 % lysis 100 8
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PWD RP T3200-1203 Allelochemical ef
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Controlling Harmful Algal Blooms Do
Page 291 and 292:
Management of harmful algae • Pre
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Chemical control of freshwater alga
Page 295 and 296:
•This (small) reservoir had a lon
Page 297 and 298:
Chemical flocculants - Phosphorus C
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PWD RP T3200-1203 from: River Scien
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Biological Control - Viruses Aureoc
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Viruses for HAB species Target spec
Page 305 and 306:
Biological Control - Bacterial path
Page 307 and 308:
Biological Control - Grazers Target
Page 309 and 310:
Clay control of HAB species clay mi
Page 311 and 312:
Variable removal ability of domesti
Page 313 and 314:
PWD RP T3200-1203 Source: Sengco et
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Flume studies, WHOI PWD RP T3200-12
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Brevetoxin analysis cell concentrat
Page 319 and 320:
Impacts - Benthic fauna Archambault
Page 321 and 322:
Future directions: Cell removal, se
Page 323 and 324:
When the cells reached exponential
Page 325 and 326:
Conclusions Kalmar Experiments Phos
Page 327 and 328:
Experiments at Woods Hole (in colla
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Recent work in Kalmar (data from J.
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Conclusions - control of Prymnesium
Page 333 and 334:
A review of fish-killing microalgae
Page 335 and 336:
Toxic/harmful microalgae • dinofl
Page 337 and 338:
PWD RP T3200-1203 Fish kills
Page 339 and 340:
Ichthyotoxic species • Karenia br
Page 341 and 342:
FMRI,FWC Exposure routes • gills
Page 343 and 344:
Gymnodinium pulchellum (brevetoxins
Page 345 and 346:
Reef fish disease - Caribbean, Flor
Page 347 and 348:
Diatoms • physical damage to gill
Page 349 and 350:
Aquaculture in Israel and Prymnesiu
Page 351 and 352:
Prymnesium parvum from Israel PWD R
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Prymnesium parvum blooms in Israel
Page 355 and 356:
From Sarig 1971 Prymnesium parvum t
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From Sarig 1971 Mode of toxin actio
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Fish bioassay • dependence of tox
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Relationship # toxin concentration
Page 363 and 364:
From Sarig 1971 Management of Prymn
Page 365 and 366:
Management strategies • prevent b
Page 367 and 368:
How to Use the Past to Plan for the
Page 369 and 370:
How can studies on other harmful al
Page 371 and 372:
Task Force report identified 7 HAB
Page 373 and 374:
A 5-year federal, state, academic,
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ECONOMIC IMPACT In the 1970s, two r
Page 377 and 378:
What is Needed Based on What is Kno
Page 379 and 380:
Page 381 and 382:
Page 383 and 384:
Golden Alga Workshop Notes: Present
Page 385 and 386:
facilities was a problem in North C
Page 387 and 388:
Korean fisheries are a $1 billion i
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Friday October 24, 2003 Panel Discu
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• Design a sampling program with
Page 393 and 394:
What are your recommendations for i
Page 395 and 396:
• Rapid progress is made where th
Page 397 and 398:
• Maintain a Golden Alga web site
Page 399 and 400:
ChemScanRDI (a laser based system t
Page 401 and 402:
• DNA-microarrays for monitoring
Page 403 and 404:
• Reliable economic statistics fo
Page 405 and 406:
• Be proactive; get messages out
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Golden Alga Workshop Attendees Firs
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Golden Alga Workshop Attendees, con
Page 411 and 412:
Literature Review of the Microalga
Page 413 and 414:
Oued Mellah Reservoir in Morocco oc
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the metal ions Fe, Zn, Mo, Cu or Co
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with the ability to utilize organic
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Figure 1. Prymnesin-1 (1) and Prymn
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Temperature Shilo and Ashner (1953)
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Glycerol Glycerol was found to incr
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since it seems that nitrogen and ph
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(Haptophyta) in semi-continuous cul
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Ulitzer, S. and M. Shilo. 1966. Mod
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